民间借贷风险向银行传递问题研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 18:37

本文关键词：民间借贷风险向银行传递问题研究　出处：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民间借贷作为银行业金融机构等经国家专门监管部门批准成立的正规性的金融的有益补充,具有便捷、灵活等特点,其产生和发展具有一定的必然性和合理性。在世界融资史上,每个国家的民间借贷由于监管的不同而具有不同定义和特征,都曾经对当时社会经济发展产生了积极作用。在我国融资史上,民间借贷这一融资模式也长期存在,国内不少学者对民间借贷都有研究,表述了不同的见解。随着我国科学技术的进步、经营环境的改变、经济改革的深入、国家政策的调整,特别是改革开放以来,我国经济有了天翻地覆地变化,社会资金需求结构和需求模式也发生巨大变化,而银行业金融机构等金融中介无法及时有效满足社会多元化资金需求,从而给予了民间借贷快速发展机会。虽然民间借贷在缓解如小微企业融资难方面作出了有益补充,但是随着我国经济高速增长,特别是近年来房地产、煤炭和钢贸等利润丰厚,部分企业逐渐放弃原有主营业务,涉足其中,并且为解决资金短缺矛盾,甘愿接受高息,不但让资金价格显著背离价值,企业和个人热衷挣快钱逐高利；而且导致部分实体产业空心化,个别行业出现了经济泡沫。从2009年开始审理,直到2012年才终审完毕的浙江省吴英案,给人留下极其深刻印象；内蒙古鄂尔多斯和陕西神木村借助煤炭资源一度成为我国GDP增长的神话,但又因深陷民间借贷漩涡而快速陨落,令人嘘唏。早在2012年初,中信银行有关研究报告就认为,我国民间借贷市场总规模有大概超过4万亿元,约为银行表内信贷规模的10%到20%；而在2013年7月,西南财经大学中国家庭金融调查与研究中心在《银行与家庭金融行为》中发布的我国民间借贷总额已经达到8.6万亿元,民间借贷金额短短一年半的时间内翻了一番。这些数量众多的民间借贷资金,游离于银行业金融机构之外,其规模之大、发展速度之快,令人咂舌。快速增长的民间借贷不仅侵占银行业金融机构传统业务,而且一些民间借贷扰乱了有序的融资环境,也给社会和银行业金融机构带来了较大的风险。山西联盛集团资金链断裂、江浙众多企业主跑路以及鄂尔多斯“鬼城”等事件不但让参与者深受其害,而且也让社会公众体会到了高启、高收益带来的高风险；而部分银行业金融机构高管和从业人员违规参与民间借贷或非法集资,风险暴露后或潜逃、或失踪,由此牵出的金额巨大的违法案件,更是将民间借贷话题推上风口浪尖。与此同时,民间借贷在发展过程中产生的各类风险,通过不同的途径向银行业金融机构传递和转嫁,给银行业体系带来较大的不稳定性,给银行业金融机构经营管理带来了不小的难题,对银行业金融机构的风险管理和内部控制提出了极大的挑战,对监管部门提出了更高、更新的要求。本文主要是通过介绍民间借贷的概念、国内外学者对民间借贷与银行业金融机构关系的理论研究,从四个主要的方面来分析近年来我国民间借贷活跃的原因,近年来发展过程中呈现出的期限较短、规模较大、利率普遍偏高、各地行为操作不一、方式更加多元化等特点,分析当下民间借贷风险向银行业金融机构传递的六种主要途径,并从监管部门和银行业金融机构两个层面提出防范风险的相关建议和对策,促进银行业金融机构有效防范民间借贷风险传递,从而守住风险底线,合法稳健经营,保护广大金融消费者的利益。全文分为五个部分,具体内容如下：第一部分绪论,阐明选题的研究背景,研究的目的和意义,研究的方法与思路,研究的主要内容及本文的贡献和不足。第二部分文献综述,主要介绍民间借贷的概念及其与银行业金融机构关系的理论研究。第三部分主要介绍近年来我国民间借贷活跃的原因,在发展过程中呈现出的特点。第四部分指出近年来民间借贷风险向银行业金融机构传递的六种主要途径。第五部分是提出防范民间借贷风险向银行业金融机构传递的对策及建议。
[Abstract]:Private lending as banks and other financial institutions approved by the specialized regulatory authorities of the state established formal financial supplement, which is convenient, flexible, its emergence and development has a certain inevitability and rationality. In the history of world finance, private lending in each country has different characteristics due to the different definition and regulation once, the social and economic development has played a positive role in our country. The financing history of private lending has existed for a long time the financing mode, many domestic scholars have research on private lending, expressed different views. With the progress of science and technology in China, changes in the operating environment, the deepening of economic reform, the adjustment of national policies, especially since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made earth shaking changes, social capital demand structure and demand pattern has also undergone tremendous changes, and Banking Financial intermediaries and other financial intermediaries can not effectively meet the needs of diversified funds in time, thus giving the opportunities for rapid development of private lending.
Although private lending has made a beneficial supplement to alleviate the financing difficulties such as Small and micro businesses, but with China's rapid economic growth, especially in recent years, real estate, coal and steel trade and other profits, some enterprises gradually abandoned the original main business involved, and to solve the contradiction between the shortage of funds, willing to accept high interest. Not only let the fund price significantly deviates from the value of enterprises and individuals to earn quick money profits; and lead to some entity hollowing out, individual industry appeared bubble economy. From the beginning of 2009 trial, until 2012 the end of Zhejiang Province, Wu Ying case, give people left a very deep impression; Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi Shenmu village by Erdos coal resources became China's GDP growth myth, but because of the whirlpool of private lending in the rapid fall, XuXi. In early 2012, CITIC Bank Related Research Report That is, the total size of China's private lending market is probably more than 4 trillion yuan, about the size of credit bank in the form of 10% to 20%; and in July 2013, the Southwestern University of Finance and Economics China family financial investigation and Research Center released in "bank and family financial behavior > in China folk loan amount has reached 8 trillion and 600 billion yuan, private lending the amount of time just one and a half years doubled. The number of private lending funds, free from the banking financial institutions, the scale and speed of development, staggering. Borrowing the rapid growth of the banking financial institutions not only by traditional business, and some private lending to disrupt the orderly the financing environment, but also to the social and financial institutions of the banking industry has brought great risks. Shanxi Liansheng group capital chain rupture, Jiangsu and Zhejiang many business owners and run away Ordos" ghost town " The event will not only allow participants to suffer, but also let the public realize the high start, high risk and high income brought; and part of the banking financial institution executives and employees involved in illegal borrowing or illegal fund-raising, after exposure or fled, or missing, thus holding out the illegal cases of huge amount, will be more private lending topic pushed in the teeth of the storm. At the same time, all kinds of risks of private lending in the development process, transfer to the banking financial institutions by different ways and passed to the banking system brought great instability, brings a big problem to the management of banking financial institutions, presents a great challenge to risk management and internal control of banking financial institutions, the regulators put forward higher and newer requirements.
This paper is mainly through the introduction of the concept of private lending, the theoretical research on private lending and banking financial institutions between the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, analysis of China's private lending activity from four main aspects, showing in recent years in the development process of the short term, a larger scale, interest rate is generally high, around conduct operations, more diversified characteristics, analysis of six kinds of main way to transfer the risk of private lending to the banking financial institutions, and puts forward relevant suggestions for risk prevention and countermeasures from the two levels of the banking regulatory authorities and financial institutions, to promote banking financial institutions to effectively prevent the risk of private lending, which hold the risk the legal bottom line, stable operation, protect the financial interests of consumers.
The full text is divided into five parts, the specific contents are as follows:
The first part is the introduction, which clarifies the background of the research, the purpose and significance of the research, the methods and ideas of the research, the main content of the research, the contribution and the deficiency of this article.
The second part of the literature review mainly introduces the concept of private lending and the theoretical research on the relationship with banking financial institutions.
The third part mainly introduces the reasons for the active private lending in China in recent years, and the characteristics in the process of development.
The fourth part points out the six main ways to transfer the risk of private lending to the banking financial institutions in recent years.
The fifth part is to put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to prevent the risk of private lending to the banking financial institutions.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4

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