中国进出口贸易的国际结算成本研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 13:15

本文关键词：中国进出口贸易的国际结算成本研究　出处：《江西财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的日益加深,各国对国际贸易的重视程度也在逐渐上升。而贸易成本却一直被认为是阻碍一国对外贸易发展的主要障碍,为解决这一难题,国际贸易成本问题成为研究热点。国际结算作为国际贸易的最后且是最重要的一环,是国际贸易能否顺利完成的关键。虽然国际结算成本仅占贸易总额的3.5%左右,仍是贸易总成本的一个重要组成部分,然而国内关于我国进出口贸易的国际结算成本研究几乎还未开始。本文立足于此空白,从中国近30年的对外贸易实际情况出发,分析中国进出口贸易的国际结算成本,针对性的提出优化中国进出口贸易国际结算成本的建议,从而降低贸易总成本,促进中国对外贸易的进一步深化,提升中国对外贸易竞争力。为了更好地说明中国进出口贸易的国际结算成本,本文首先对国内外关于国际结算风险以及国际结算成本等相关文献进行概括性的论述,并提出自己的评述。随后简要介绍中国近30年以来对外贸易的大致情况和主要贸易国家或地区,为后文中国国际结算成本的构成和影响因素做铺垫。其次进行了定性和定量分析。在定性分析方面,本文侧重于分析中国进出口贸易中国际结算成本的主要构成以及影响因素。国际结算成本的主要构成包括银行手续费用、货币的选择与汇兑成本、国际结算的时间成本以及风险应对成本这四个方面。而影响中国进出口贸易国际结算成本的因素从宏观和微观两个角度进行分析,其中宏观层面的影响因素包括汇率变动和国际结算风险；微观层面的影响因素包括结算工具的影响、结算货币的影响、结算时间的影响、结算方式的影响这四个方面。在定量分析方面,通过1979—2013年中国进出口贸易的时间序列数据,假定银行手续费用、货币汇兑成本、国际结算时间成和风险应对成本为解释变量,对中国进口贸易额和出口贸易额进行简单的回归分析,通过回归结果的估计系数,说明这四种成本分别对中国进出口贸易的影响。研究结果显示,中国进出口贸易的国际结算成本与中国对外贸易额成正相关关系。就出口贸易而言,银行手续费用在中国国际结算成本中所占份额最小,国际结算成本随银行手续费用、货币兑换成本、结算时间成本和结算风险的增加而增加；对进口贸易而言,银行手续费用对中国国际结算成本的影响最为直接,国际结算成本随银行手续费用、货币兑换成本和结算时间成本的上升而上升。本文的创新点在于提出国际结算成本的概念,并创造性的分析了中国进出口贸易中国际结算成本的组成部分和影响因素,通过偏最小二乘回归分析了国际结算成本对中国进出口贸易的影响。目前的研究大多集中于贸易总成本的构成、影响因素以及如何减少之上,关于国际结算成本的研究较为少见,针对中国进出口贸易分析的研究更少。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization, also a gradual increase in national attention on international trade. And the trade cost has been considered to be the main obstacle to the development of foreign trade, in order to solve this problem, the cost of international trade issues become the focus of research. The international settlement as the last international trade and is one of the most important, is the key to international trade can be successfully completed. Although the cost of international trade settlement accounts for only about 3.5% of the total, a total cost is still an important part of trade, however, China's import and export trade of the international settlement cost of domestic have barely begun. Based on this gap, starting from nearly China 30 years of foreign trade situation, analysis of international settlement cost Chinese import and export trade, puts forward the optimization of China import and export trade and international settlement cost suggestions, so as to reduce trade The total cost can promote the further deepening of China's foreign trade and enhance the competitiveness of China's foreign trade.
In order to better explain the international settlement cost Chinese import and export trade, this paper at home and abroad on international settlement risk and international settlement costs related literature introduction, and put forward their comments. Then a brief introduction of China nearly 30 years of foreign trade general situation and major trading countries or regions, to pave the way for the following the composition and influencing factors of international settlement cost China. Secondly analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.
In the aspect of qualitative analysis, this paper focuses on the analysis of main components of Chinese import and export trade, international settlement costs and effects. The main cost of international settlement including bank charges, the choice of currency and exchange costs, these four aspects of international settlement time cost and risk response cost. And the factors affecting the Chinese international import and export trade settlement cost is analyzed from the angle of the two macro and micro, which influence the macro level factors including exchange rate and international settlement risk; influence factors of micro level including settlement tool, influence the settlement currency, the influence of settlement time, these four aspects affect the settlement. In the quantitative analysis, through 1979 2013 - Chinese import and export trade time series data, assuming that the bank charges, currency exchange cost, time and risk of international settlement The cost is the explanatory variable, and a simple regression analysis is made for China's import trade volume and export trade volume. The influence of the four costs on China's import and export trade is explained through the estimation coefficient of regression results.
The research results show that the cost of Chinese international settlement of import and export trade and foreign trade China are positively correlated. The export trade, bank charges in China international settlement costs in proportion with the minimum cost of international settlement, bank charges, currency exchange cost, time cost and increase settlement settlement risk increases; on the import trade, the bank charges for settlement cost Chinese international is the most direct cost of international settlement with the bank charges, the rising cost of currency exchange and settlement time cost rises.
The innovation of this paper is to put forward the concept of the cost of international settlement, and creative factor analysis of components and influence China import and export trade, international settlement cost, by partial least squares regression analysis of the impact of the cost of international settlement of China import and export trade. Current research is focused on how to reduce the total cost of trade, influence study on the factors and above the cost of international settlement are rare, according to the analysis of Chinese less research of import and export trade.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.6;F832.6

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