公共政策视角下西部地区农村金融反贫困问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 20:56

本文关键词： 公共政策西部农村金融反贫困 VAR FGT指数　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公共政策具有明显的跨学科性，并被广泛应用于社会各个领域。公共政策制定和执行的根本目的是解决社会公共问题，推动社会协调稳定发展。贫困被公认为普遍存在的社会问题，已经上升为一个国家的政策问题。政府作为反贫困的政策主体，在反贫困中也负有不可推卸的公共责任，必须正确的制定和有效的实施反贫困的公共政策。但随着政策环境和问题的复杂多变，反贫困的公共政策在执行中的难度加大，加之我国现有反贫困的公共政策设计较为宽泛，严重影响反贫困的政策目标。资金匮乏是农村贫困的重要原因，通过宏观政策增加贫困农户资金的可获得性，探索能够优化和规范农村金融反贫困的公共政策体系，增强农村的资金融通能力。无疑为促进我国政治稳定、民族团结、边疆稳定、社会和谐发挥举足轻重的作用，并为进一步推动全球减贫事业发展起到促进作用。本研究共分为总论、理论、实证和对策4部分6章内容。首先，，本文对西部农村金融反贫困的背景、内容框架、意义进行总体分析。其次，以公共政策视角下对国内外农村金融反贫困的相关理论和文献进行梳理和总结。再次，对我国建国以来各时期农村金融反贫困政策演变过程进行总结，并对美洲、欧洲和亚洲等地区农村金融反贫困的主导模式、机构设置和优惠扶持政策等方面加以总结。最后，采用1986-2011年时间序列数据，利用向量自回归模型（VAR），分别探讨西部地区农村金融对反贫困的长、短期影响。实证结果发现，从长期看，西部农村金融与反贫困具有显著的正向关系，发现西部农村金融并未成为促进贫困减少的重要因素；但从短期来看，西部农村金融与贫困减少分别具有不显著的负向关系。由此来看，在我国公共政策视角下西部农村金融发展并未成为反贫困的主要措施。基于上述实证结论，本文从公共政策角度探讨了西部农村金融并未促进反贫困的原因，主要包括公共政策主体约束、扶贫政策对客体瞄准机制偏差、公共政策环境约束、公共政策工具失衡等。在此基础上，本文从优化和提升公共政策主体能力、改善和提高公共政策客体瞄准机制、构建和优化农村金融的公共政策环境、推行和实施高效的公共政策工具四个方面，设计了公共政策视角下优化我国农村金融反贫困的政策体系，对逐步构建一个宽领域、广覆盖和多层次的农村金融反贫困的公共政策优化体系，缓解我国广大西部农村地区贫困具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Public policy has obvious interdisciplinary nature and is widely used in various fields of society. The fundamental purpose of public policy formulation and implementation is to solve social public problems. Promote the coordinated and stable development of society. Poverty has been recognized as a widespread social problem, has risen to a national policy problem. The government as the main body of anti-poverty policy. In the anti-poverty also has the inescapable public responsibility, must correctly formulate and the effective implementation anti-poverty public policy, but with the policy environment and the question complex and changeable. The implementation of anti-poverty public policy is more difficult, coupled with the broad design of the existing anti-poverty public policy in China, which seriously affects the anti-poverty policy objectives. The lack of funds is an important reason for rural poverty. Through the macro-policy to increase the availability of funds for poor farmers, to explore the optimization and regulation of rural financial anti-poverty public policy system, to enhance the ability of rural finance financing, undoubtedly to promote political stability in China. National unity, border stability and social harmony play an important role in promoting the development of global poverty reduction. This research is divided into four chapters: general theory, theory, empirical and countermeasures. First, this paper makes a general analysis of the background, content framework and significance of anti-poverty in western rural finance. From the perspective of public policy, this paper combs and summarizes the relevant theories and literature of rural financial anti-poverty at home and abroad. Thirdly, it summarizes the evolution process of anti-poverty policy of rural finance in various periods since the founding of the people's Republic of China. Finally, the paper summarizes the dominant mode of rural financial anti-poverty, institutional setup and preferential support policies in the Americas, Europe and Asia. Finally, the time series data of 1986-2011 are used. By using the vector autoregressive model (VARA), this paper discusses the long-term and short-term effects of rural finance on anti-poverty in western China. The empirical results show that in the long run. The western rural finance has a significant positive relationship with anti-poverty, and it is found that the western rural finance has not become an important factor to promote poverty reduction. However, in the short term, the western rural finance and poverty reduction have not significant negative relationship, so the western rural finance development has not become the main anti-poverty measure under the public policy angle of view of our country. Based on the above empirical conclusions, this paper discusses the reasons why western rural finance does not promote anti-poverty from the perspective of public policy, mainly including the constraint of public policy subject and the deviation of targeting mechanism between poverty alleviation policy and object. On the basis of this, this paper optimizes and promotes the ability of public policy subject, and improves the targeting mechanism of public policy object. This paper constructs and optimizes the public policy environment of rural finance, promotes and implements the effective public policy tools, and designs the policy system to optimize the anti-poverty policy system of rural finance in our country from the perspective of public policy. It is of great significance to gradually construct a broad field, wide coverage and multi-level public policy optimization system of rural finance anti-poverty, and alleviate the poverty in the vast western rural areas of China.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35;D63

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