农户抵押贷款模式及创新研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 21:50

本文关键词： 农村金融资产抵押贷款抵押物创新抵押替代抵押估值　出处：《河南农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农户“贷款难”的问题一直是困扰农户积极开展生产，制约我国农村经济快速发展的重要问题之一。2009年，国家为了应对金融危机对实体经济的冲击，中央银行提出了“保增长，扩内需，调结构”的经济发展战略部署，采取积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，并把“三农”继续列为重点支持关注产业。然而在现有的农村信贷市场中，农户逐年增长的信贷需求与金融机构“惜贷”行为之间的矛盾，成为国家农村信贷政策实施过程中的最大障碍。如何调解两者之间的不均衡，成为国内学者竞相关注的重点。农户“贷款难”问题最主要的原因，是农户缺少合格的抵押担保物品，，商业银行不愿意放贷。农户手中有限的可供抵押的物品如何能有效应用于实际的贷款操作过程，成为亟待解决的问题。先前，国家基于对土地的保护，对于农户抵押物品的选择有许多法律规范上的限制和约束，使得贷款的取得难以实现。然而，随着党的十八届三中全会的召开，这一限制有了历史性的突破。在《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》中，对农村深化改革有了全局的部署，对于一些长期困扰、阻碍农村金融市场发展的问题有了突破性、开创性的改革意见。其中，与农户贷款切实相关的“三权”抵押的问题被重点提及，赋予土地承包经营权抵押、担保权能，包括土地承包经营权、林权和宅基地使用权在内的农户权利可用于抵押融资。不管是从农村经济发展的长远目标考虑，还是农户自身的发展要求，农村金融市场的全面深化改革都将成为未来国家的重要发展战略。本文基于现实的需要，综合各地实践发展经验，总结出适于农户申请贷款的模式选择。本文的创新之处在于，站在银行安全性的角度，对农户抵押贷款过程中抵押物品的估值，设定了估值模型，有效提高抵押的可行性，降低贷款风险。
[Abstract]:In 2009, in order to cope with the impact of the financial crisis on the real economy, the problem of "difficult loans" has been one of the most important problems that baffle farmers to actively develop their production and restrict the rapid development of rural economy in China. The central bank put forward the economic development strategy of "maintaining growth, expanding domestic demand and adjusting structure", and adopted active fiscal policy and moderately loose monetary policy. However, in the existing rural credit market, there is a contradiction between the increasing credit demand of farmers and the behavior of financial institutions "sparing loans". It has become the biggest obstacle in the implementation of the national rural credit policy. How to mediate the imbalance between the two has become the focus of domestic scholars' attention. The main reason for the problem of "loan difficulty" is the lack of qualified mortgage guarantee goods. Commercial banks are unwilling to lend. How to effectively apply the limited mortgaged goods in the hands of farmers to the actual loan operation process has become an urgent problem. Previously, the state based on the protection of land. There are many restrictions and restrictions on the choice of household mortgage goods, which makes it difficult to obtain loans. However, with the convening of the third Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee. This restriction has made a historic breakthrough. In the decision of the CPC Central Committee on comprehensively deepening reform, there has been an overall plan for deepening reform in rural areas, which has long troubled some people. The problem of hindering the development of rural financial market has a breakthrough, groundbreaking reform opinion. Among them, the issue of "three rights" mortgage, which is closely related to farmers' loans, has been highlighted, and the mortgage of land contract management right has been given. The rights of guaranty, including the right to land contract, forest right and homestead right, can be used for mortgage financing. Whether from the long-term goal of rural economic development or farmers' own development requirements, the overall deepening of the rural financial market reform will become an important development strategy of the future country. The innovation of this paper is that, from the perspective of bank security, the value of mortgage goods in the process of mortgage loan is evaluated. Set up a valuation model, effectively improve the feasibility of mortgage, reduce the risk of loans.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.43

【参考文献】