我国中小企业融资租赁问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 15:24

本文关键词： 中小企业融资租赁融资难设备融资成本分析法　出处：《安徽大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 中小企业是我国经济活力的源泉,这一点,不论是从中小企业在解决就业问题上还是对我国GDP的贡献,以及对中国经济发展战略的意义等方面,都可以得到充分的体现。但是随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立,我国中小企业却面临着一个足以制约其发展甚至生存的最大问题——融资难。传统的融资方式已经不能满足中小企业的融资需要,而融资租赁以其独特的特点和融资方式,为中小企业融资开辟了一条新的融资渠道。在中小企业的生产经营中,其最缺乏的往往并不是短期的流动资金,而是用于扩大再生产的昂贵的设备。设备的价格通常会达到上千万,这对于国内的中小企业而言,是沉重的负担。有感于几十年来中小企业所面临的处于逆势的困境以及中小企业巨大的设备融资需求,本人特选择了中小企业的设备融资作为本文研究的方向。融资租赁在我国经济发展中的作用非常重要,是一个拥有广阔发展前景的新兴行业。其在我国的起步较晚,而且目前国内这方面的研究尚不充分。本文采用了定性分析和定量分析相结合的研究方法,较系统地阐述了融资租赁的一般理论和对我国中小企业发展的独特功能。并站在承租人的立场,就融资租赁可能存在的风险及风险的规避措施进行了分析和探索。最后利用成本现值法在采用融资租赁方式取得所需设备还是采用贷款购置方式取得所需设备之间进行分析,得出使中小企业取得所需设备成本现值最低的融资方式。本文主要分为五个部分,具体内容如下：第一部分,绪论,主要阐述了本文的研究背景及意义、融资租赁的国内外研究动态和本文的主要内容、研究思路。第二部分,阐述了企业融资的含义与主要方式、融资租赁的一些基础理论。第三部分,主要分析的是融资租赁对中小企业的独特功能,包括融资租赁是目前解决中小企业融资难的一种现实选择、利用融资租赁可以有效规避中小企业的风险、融资租赁可以促进中小企业的技术进步、融资租赁有利于中小企业改善经营管理的状况。第四部分,主要阐述了我国中小企业开展融资租赁业务的绩效分析。第五部分,比较分析了设备融资租赁与贷款购置设备的融资成本,主要采用的是成本现值法,并列举了一个案例实证了采用融资租赁方式取得设备的成本低于贷款购置设备的成本。本文以“理论概述——绩效分析——比较研究——案例分析”为主要研究思路,创新性地以中小企业作为研究背景,以融资成本理论为研究基础,以成本现值法为实证工具,最终得出使中小企业取得所需设备成本现值最低的融资方式,为中小企业决策提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Small and medium-sized enterprises are the source of China's economic vitality. This is not only from the contribution of small and medium-sized enterprises to solving the employment problem or to China's GDP, but also to the significance of China's economic development strategy. But with the gradual establishment of the socialist market economic system, However, the small and medium-sized enterprises in our country are faced with the biggest problem which can restrict their development or even survive, that is, the financing difficulty. The traditional financing method can not meet the financing needs of the small and medium-sized enterprises, but the financing lease has its unique characteristics and financing methods. Open up a new financing channel for small and medium-sized enterprises. In the production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, what they lack most often is not short-term liquidity, but expensive equipment for expanding reproduction. The price of equipment usually reaches tens of millions, which is for domestic small and medium-sized enterprises. It is a heavy burden. I choose the equipment financing of small and medium-sized enterprises as the research direction of this paper because of the difficult situation faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in the past decades and the huge equipment financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises. Financial leasing plays a very important role in the economic development of our country, and it is a new industry with broad development prospects. At present, the domestic research on this aspect is not sufficient. This paper adopts the research method of combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis. This paper systematically expounds the general theory of financial leasing and its unique function for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. In this paper, the possible risks of financial leasing and the measures to avoid them are analyzed and explored. Finally, the cost present value method is used to analyze whether the equipment is obtained by means of financial leasing or by means of loans. Get the lowest present value of equipment cost for SMEs to obtain the financing method. This paper is divided into five parts, the specific contents are as follows:. The first part, introduction, mainly describes the research background and significance of this paper, the domestic and foreign research trends of financial leasing, the main content of this paper, research ideas. The second part, elaborated the enterprise financing the meaning and the main way, the finance lease some basic theories. The third part mainly analyzes the unique function of financial leasing to small and medium-sized enterprises, including financing lease is a practical choice to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, the use of financial leasing can effectively avoid the risk of small and medium-sized enterprises. Financing lease can promote the technical progress of small and medium-sized enterprises, and finance lease is helpful to improve the condition of operation and management of small and medium-sized enterprises. The 4th part, mainly elaborated our country small and medium-sized enterprise carries on the finance lease service performance analysis. In the 5th part, the author compares and analyzes the financing cost of equipment financing lease and loan purchase equipment, which mainly adopts the method of present value of cost. A case is presented to demonstrate that the cost of acquiring equipment by means of financial leasing is lower than that of equipment purchased by loan. This paper takes "theory summarization-performance analysis-comparative study-case analysis" as the main research idea, innovatively takes the small and medium-sized enterprises as the research background, takes the financing cost theory as the research foundation, takes the cost present value method as the positive tool. Finally, the financing method that enables SMEs to obtain the lowest present value of equipment cost is obtained, which provides theoretical basis for SMEs to make decisions.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F832.49

【引证文献】