我国农村金融发展与农村经济增长关系的实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 07:05

本文关键词： 农村金融农村金融发展农村经济增长　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经过三十多年的改革开放，中国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就，可以说年均9.8%的经济增长率创造了世界经济增长的奇迹。在这一过程中，城市经济得到飞速发展，城镇化水平不断提高，城镇居民可支配收入也不断增加。但是，在整体经济“蛋糕”越做越大的同时，也存在许多问题和矛盾，其中一个很重要的问题就是农村经济发展缓慢，与整个国民经济发展趋势不协调。金融决定经济，，经济推动金融，农村金融的发展对于推动农村经济增长具有重要作用。本文首先阐述了选题背景与意义，对国内外有关金融发展与经济增长关系的相关文献进行了系统的梳理，对本文的研究方法与创新之处进行了简单介绍。然后，对文中涉及的有关农村经济与农村金融的概念，及农村金融发展的测度方法进行了解释。在文献研究的基础上，建立了农村金融发展与农村经济增长关系的理论分析框架。随后，本文对我国农村经济与农村金融的发展现状及问题进行了描述，并列出典型事实初步证明了农村金融发展对农村经济增长的促进作用。为检验这一初步结论，本文基于30省（市、直辖区）6年的静态面板数据，选取固定效应模型，从定量角度对农村金融发展与农村经济增长关系进行了研究。研究结果表明：农村金融发展规模与农村金融发展效率均在99%的置信水平下，显著促进农村经济增长。而农村金融发展结构则视不同地区而呈现不同效应，东部地区农村金融市场垄断程度越高，越不利于农村经济增长，而中西部农村地区却呈现相反效应。同时农村人均固定资产投资、非农业就业比例、人均财政支农支出和城镇化水平也对农村经济增长有积极或消极作用。然后本文选取农村人均纯收入增长率作为农村人均GDP增长率的替代变量，在解释变量不变的基础上检验了这一结论的稳健性。最后，本文基于农村金融发展的视角提出了促进我国农村经济增长的对策建议。其一，要增加农村金融供给总量，可以从两方面着手，即多元化农村金融供给体系，商业性金融、政策性金融与民间金融齐头并进，避免出现“一家独大”的局面，同时也要注重加大农村金融发展的政策扶持力度，有效激励各种金融机构服务“三农”。其二，要提高农村金融的发展效率，一方面创新农村金融产品和服务，另一方面，优化农村金融监管制度，提高农村金融机构的经营管理水平。其三，要改善农村金融生态环境，让农村金融机构能够放心支农，降低其信贷风险，实现农村金融机构的长期可持续发展，这不仅需要完善农村金融法律法规，保护借贷双方利益，还要加强农村信用体系建设，为改善农村金融生态环境提供切实保障。通过以上三方面措施，最终达到促进农村经济长远发展的目的。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economic development has made remarkable achievements. It can be said that the average annual economic growth rate of 9.8% has created a miracle of world economic growth. The level of urbanization is constantly improving, and the disposable income of urban residents is also increasing. However, while the overall economic "cake" is getting bigger and bigger, there are also many problems and contradictions, one of which is the slow development of the rural economy. Finance determines economy, economy promotes finance, and rural finance plays an important role in promoting rural economic growth. This paper first expounds the background and significance of the selected topic, systematically combs the relevant literature on the relationship between financial development and economic growth at home and abroad, and briefly introduces the research methods and innovations of this paper. This paper explains the concepts of rural economy and rural finance, and the measurement methods of rural financial development. The theoretical analysis frame of the relationship between rural financial development and rural economic growth is established. Then, this paper describes the current situation and problems of the development of rural economy and rural finance in China. In order to test this preliminary conclusion, based on the static panel data of 30 provinces (cities and territories) for 6 years, the fixed effect model is selected. The relationship between rural financial development and rural economic growth is studied from a quantitative perspective. The results show that the scale of rural financial development and the efficiency of rural financial development are at the confidence level of 99%. The structure of rural financial development shows different effects according to different regions. The higher the monopoly degree of rural financial market in the eastern region, the more unfavorable to rural economic growth. However, the rural areas in the central and western regions have the opposite effect. At the same time, per capita fixed asset investment in rural areas, the proportion of non-agricultural employment, The per capita expenditure on supporting agriculture and the level of urbanization also have a positive or negative effect on the rural economic growth. Then this paper selects the rural per capita net income growth rate as the alternative variable of the rural per capita GDP growth rate. The robustness of this conclusion is tested on the basis of invariant explanatory variables. Finally, based on the perspective of rural financial development, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the growth of rural economy in China. First, to increase the total amount of rural financial supply, we can start from two aspects, namely, the diversified rural financial supply system. Commercial finance, policy finance and private finance go hand in hand to avoid the situation of "one family dominating". At the same time, we should also pay attention to increasing the policy support for the development of rural finance, and effectively encourage all kinds of financial institutions to serve the "three rural areas". Second, To improve the development efficiency of rural finance, on the one hand, to innovate rural financial products and services, on the other hand, to optimize the rural financial supervision system and improve the management and management level of rural financial institutions. Third, to improve the rural financial ecological environment. To enable rural financial institutions to rest assured of supporting agriculture, reduce their credit risks, and realize the long-term sustainable development of rural financial institutions, it is necessary not only to improve rural financial laws and regulations, to protect the interests of both borrowers and borrowers, but also to strengthen the construction of rural credit systems. In order to improve the rural financial ecological environment to provide practical protection, through the above three measures, finally achieve the purpose of promoting the long-term development of rural economy.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35;F323

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