我国上市商业银行业务多元化对盈利能力的影响

发布时间：2018-03-09 21:54

  本文选题：上市商业银行　切入点：业务多元化　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国金融领域的利率市场化改革和金融脱媒化已成为时代趋势。同时,伴随着我国加入wTO之后对外开放程度的提高和经济领域改革的深化,外资银行不断发展壮大,民间资本被允许进入银行业,互联网金融也正蓬勃发展。银行业竞争格局发生变化,竞争态势日益激烈。商业银行原有的经营和盈利模式受到巨大冲击。面对前所未有的机遇和挑战,商业银行纷纷推进业务多元化进程,一方面通过内部业务创新,拓展银行传统存贷款以外的业务,增加业务种类,拓展业务范围；另一方面通过外部合作或者兼并收购,向金融其他相关领域如证券、基金、保险方向等拓展,改变原先单一依赖存贷款利差的收入情况,增加收入来源,改进收入结构,提高商业银行的盈利能力。本文基于上述背景,研究我国银行开拓业务类型与范围对盈利的效应。西方学术界对银行业务多元化对盈利能力影响的研究较多,但存在两种互相矛盾的观点,未得出一致结论。而国内学者的相关研究起步较晚,成果不多且比较笼统。同时,国外银行大多在发展相当成熟的阶段开始业务多元化,与国内实际情况不相符合。因此本文试图通过运用国内上市银行最新数据,探讨业务多元化的发展境况。本文以对银行开展业务多元化的概念进行界定为基础,接着分析了业务多元化的发展模式、发展历程、正负效应、对商业银行收入结构的影响以及目前存在的问题,为实证分析提供理论和现实基础。在理论分析的基础上,本文选取了中国16家上市银行2004年到2012年的面板数据,包括5家国有大型商业银行和11家中小型商业银行,从业务多元化种类角度和对总体收入贡献率角度分别构建面板数据模型,并对上市银行总体、国有大型商业银行样本和中小型商业银行样本进行回归估计,得出以下结论：第一,中国商业银行的业务多元化程度目前处于较低水平,业务多元化受政策法律影响大；第二,商业银行业务多元化对上市银行总体和中小型商业银行的盈利能力有正向促进作用,改善了收入结构；第三,大型国有商业银行样本显示业务多元化指标对盈利能力的影响不显著,同时其国有产权性质对盈利能力提高有负向影响。基于研究结论,本文从商业银行角度和监管层角度分别提出政策性建议：商业银行应该扩大业务多元化规模,提升其在收入中的占比；根据自身优势和特点探索多元化业务特色化、差异化发展；建立健全多元化业务绩效管理与考核体系。监管层应该完善商业银行多元化业务的相关政策法律,监测引导业务多元化进程。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the reform of interest rate marketization and financial disintermediation in China's financial field has become a trend of the times. At the same time, with the improvement of the degree of opening to the outside world and the deepening of economic reform after China's entry into wTO, foreign banks have been developing and expanding. Private capital is allowed to enter the banking sector, and Internet finance is booming. The competitive pattern of the banking industry has changed. The competition situation is becoming increasingly fierce. The original management and profit model of commercial banks has been greatly impacted. Facing the unprecedented opportunities and challenges, commercial banks have pushed forward the process of business diversification, on the one hand, through internal business innovation, To expand the business beyond the traditional deposits and loans of banks, to increase the types of business and to expand the scope of business; on the other hand, through external cooperation or mergers and acquisitions, to expand to other related areas of finance, such as securities, funds, insurance, etc., This paper, based on the above background, changes the income situation of single deposit and loan interest rate difference, increases the source of income, improves the income structure, and improves the profitability of commercial banks. This paper studies the effect of banking development type and scope on profitability in China. Western academic circles have studied the influence of banking diversification on profitability, but there are two conflicting viewpoints. At the same time, most of the foreign banks began to diversify their business at a very mature stage. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the latest data of domestic listed banks to explore the development of business diversification. Then it analyzes the development model, development history, positive and negative effects of business diversification, the impact on the income structure of commercial banks and the existing problems, which provides theoretical and practical basis for empirical analysis. This paper selects the panel data of 16 Chinese listed banks from 2004 to 2012, including 5 large state-owned commercial banks and 11 small and medium-sized commercial banks. The panel data model is constructed from the perspective of business diversification and contribution to total income, and the regression estimation of the sample of listed banks, large state-owned commercial banks and small and medium-sized commercial banks is carried out. The following conclusions are drawn: first, the degree of business diversification of Chinese commercial banks is at a low level, and business diversification is greatly influenced by policies and laws; second, The diversification of commercial banking business has a positive effect on the profitability of listed banks as a whole and small and medium-sized commercial banks, and improves the income structure. Third, The sample of large state-owned commercial banks shows that the influence of business diversification index on profitability is not significant, and the nature of state-owned property rights has a negative impact on profitability. From the perspective of commercial banks and supervision level, this paper puts forward policy recommendations: commercial banks should expand the scale of business diversification, increase their share in income, explore the characteristics of diversified business according to their own advantages and characteristics. Differentiation development; establishing and perfecting the performance management and appraisal system of diversified business; supervising and perfecting the relevant policies and laws of diversified business of commercial banks, monitoring and guiding the process of diversification of business.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.33
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本文编号：1590399