我国农村地区金融排斥区域差异性研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 15:31

本文选题：农村金融　切入点：金融排斥　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金融排斥是指一部分金融主体由于个人原因、地域限制、行业、组织等因素，无法通过合理的渠道获得公平、便捷的金融产品和服务的现象。相比于发达国家来说，发展中国家由于体制不健全、经济发展水平不高、金融制度不完善等因素更容易造成金融排斥。同样一个国家中，相比于城市来说，农村地区由于地理位置较为偏僻、农民收入水平低下、受教育程度不高等等因素使得农村地区金融主体所享受的金融产品和服务远远不及城市，农村金融的发展更容易导致农村地区的金融排斥。当然，金融排斥问题并不仅仅存在于发展中国家，发达国家也存在金融排斥的现象。金融排斥也并不是农村地区金融发展才具有的，只是相比城市来说，由于长期以来形成的二元结构特点，农村地区金融排斥现象更为严重。农村地区的金融排斥现象充分说明了当前我国农村经济发展过程中，现有经济体制不健全、资源分配不均、农村地区金融资源缺乏，以及政府部门在农村金融协调管理中的失灵。而当前国内外学者对金融排斥的研究大多保持在金融深度的领域，金融宽度的研究则很少涉及，研究也尚不完善。金融深度是指金融资产的增长，金融宽度则主要指金融产品和服务的可得性。因此，本文从农户这一微观视角对金融排斥问题进行分析，对我国农村地区金融排斥的区域差异性进行研究，并探寻破解金融排斥的路径，不但拓宽了金融排斥的研究范围，对金融宽度的研究提供了理论指导和借鉴，，同时对于改善农村地区金融排斥现象，实现农村地区金融资源合理配置也具有一定的现实意义。本文以我国农村地区金融排斥现象为主要研究对象，在普惠制金融体系构建的大背景下，对我国农村各地区金融排斥问题的区域差异性进行了研究。本文首先构建了科学合理的指标，运用变异系数法，对我国农村各地区金融排斥指数进行了测算，全面的统计了我国农村地区的金融排斥现象，并对各区域的农村金融服务状况进行了比较，探讨了我国农村地区产生金融排斥现象的原因。其次，本文运用系统聚类分析的Ward计算方法对我国农村各地区金融排斥现象进行了聚类分析，同时运用数据包络分析法（DEA）对我国农村金融效率进行了评价，研究结果发现，我国农村地区金融排斥问题区域差异性明显，金融资源配比不均衡，金融排斥总体呈现自东向西的阶梯性排斥递增现象，即东部地区金融排斥程度较轻，中部地区次之，而西部地区金融排斥现象较为严重。再次，本文测算了各影响因素与金融排斥的皮尔逊相关系数，结果发现，家庭人均纯收入、人均消费支出、农村地区通信水平以及农民受教育水平等因素对金融排斥现象的影响较为显著。最后本文对金融排斥的形成机理和传递效应进行了分析，并在此基础上，根据我国农村地区金融排斥的具体情况，从三个方面提出了破解我国农村金融排斥现状的路径和对策。一是建立普惠性的金融体系；二是改善农村金融生态环境；三是因地制宜的制定缓解对策。
[Abstract]:Financial exclusion refers to a part of the financial subject due to personal reasons, geographical restrictions, industry, organization and other factors, not through reasonable channels to obtain equity, financial products and services, the phenomenon of convenient. Compared to the developed countries, developing countries because the system is not perfect, economic development level is not high, the financial system is not perfect and other factors more easily due to financial exclusion. The same country, compared to the city, rural areas due to the geographical location is more remote, farmers' income level, education level is not high and other factors make the rural areas financial subjects enjoy financial products and services is far less than the city, the development of rural finance more easily lead to Financial Exclusion in rural areas of course, the problem of Financial Exclusion exists not only in developing countries, there are also financial exclusion phenomenon in developed countries is not the rural financial exclusion. The development of regional finance is only in fact, but compared to the city, the Financial Exclusion in rural areas is more serious because of the two yuan structure which has been formed for a long time.
Financial Exclusion in rural areas shows that the development of our country's rural economy, the current economic system is not perfect, uneven distribution of resources, lack of financial resources in rural areas, and government failure in coordination management in rural finance. And the current domestic and foreign scholars mostly keep research on Financial Exclusion in financial depth study on the financial field, the width is rarely involved, the research is not perfect. The financial depth refers to financial asset growth, financial breadth mainly refers to the financial products and services available. Therefore, this paper from the analysis of the problem of financial exclusion from the perspective of farmers, to study the regional differences of financial exclusion in rural areas, and to solve the Financial Exclusion path, not only broadens the scope of the study of Financial Exclusion, provide theoretical guidance and reference for research on financial width, at the same time It is of certain practical significance to improve the Financial Exclusion in rural areas and to realize the rational allocation of financial resources in rural areas.
Taking the Financial Exclusion in rural areas as the main research object, this paper studies the regional differences of Financial Exclusion in rural areas under the background of the construction of GSP financial system.
This paper first constructs a scientific and reasonable index, using variation coefficient method, the area of China's Rural Financial Exclusion index were calculated, comprehensive statistics of Financial Exclusion in rural areas of our country, and the regional rural financial service status were compared and discussed the reasons of financial exclusion phenomenon in rural areas in this paper. Secondly, using the cluster analysis calculation method of Ward cluster analysis was carried out in various regions of China's rural financial exclusion phenomenon, at the same time, using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) on the efficiency of rural finance in China were evaluated, the results of the study showed that China's rural financial exclusion problem of regional differences is obvious, the ratio of financial resources are not balanced, the overall presentation of the financial exclusion from the east to the west of the ladder rejection increasing phenomenon, namely East Financial Exclusion to a lesser extent, followed by the central region and the western region. Financial exclusion phenomenon is more serious. Thirdly, this thesis analyzes the influencing factors of Financial Exclusion and Pearson correlation coefficient, the results showed that the average household income, per capita consumption expenditure, rural areas and farmers communication level and educational level of influence on the financial exclusion phenomenon is significant. Finally, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of Financial Exclusion and transfer effect, and on this basis, according to the specific situation of China's Rural Financial Exclusion, put forward the path and Countermeasure of Rural Financial Exclusion status from three aspects. One is to establish inclusive financial system; the two is to improve the rural financial ecological environment; three is the local mitigation strategy.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35

【参考文献】