我国上市商业银行资本结构对经营绩效的影响

发布时间：2018-03-25 03:36

本文选题：上市商业银行　切入点：资本结构　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国金融市场对外全面开放，我国的金融业不得不接受来自国际的挑战。而且，近年来国内中小银行及贷款公司不断涌现，使得我国金融业的竞争越发激烈。商业银行在整个金融业中占主导地位，由于货币业务的特殊性，在防范风险、提升经营绩效方面，其资本结构发挥着重要作用，国内外学者们已将商业银行资本结构与其经营绩效的相关关系作为重要课题来进行研究。此外，在我国的商业银行中，无论在规模还是质量上，上市商业银行都有着很大的优势。因此，，本文以我国上市商业银行为样本，主要目的是分析其资本结构对经营绩效所产生的影响，并根据所得出的结果，为实现优化资本结构、改善经营效益、提高整体竞争能力的目标而提出合理化建议。商业银行是经营货币资产业务的企业，和大多普通企业相比，其经营具有自身的特点，因而商业银行具有特殊的资本结构，如，高负债比的资本结构、分散的债务结构、资产负债结构的不匹配性以及资本比率的限制性，综合这些共性与个性，本文的研究内容是：首先，在国内和国外的相关研究方面，文章对此作了系统的综合和简单的评述，紧接着全面地总结了有关资本结构的基础理论与商业银行资本结构特有的性质，从理论上分析了商业银行资本结构是如何影响其经营绩效的。其次，以上述理论为基础，从股权资本、债权资本及附属资本三个方面分析了我国16家上市商业银行资本结构的现况；从包括盈利性、安全性、流动性及成长性的四个层面对经营绩效的当前情形进行了分析。最后，选用我国16家上市商业银行近三年的数据，通过建立综合评价指标体系，运用因子分析法测算出经营绩效值；运用EVIEWS软件并选用个体固定效应模型对所建立的面板数据进行处理；以经营绩效得分为因变量，以资本结构指标为自变量，分别进行了线性与非线性回归。经过上述分析得出以下结论：有三个变量和银行经营绩效是倒置的U形曲线关系，分别是第一大股东持股比例、国有股占比、资产负债率，第一大股东的控制力、附属资本占核心资本比、资产规模的自然对数分别与银行经营绩效呈负向关系，前十大股东持股比例之和对银行的经营绩效产生正效应，最后，本文在分析资本结构现状与所得出实证结果的基础上，为我国上市商业银行合理优化资本结构、改善经营绩效提出对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the full opening of China's financial market to the outside world, China's financial industry has to accept international challenges. Moreover, in recent years, domestic small and medium-sized banks and loan companies have continued to emerge. Commercial banks play a leading role in the whole financial industry. Because of the particularity of monetary business, the capital structure plays an important role in preventing risks and improving management performance. Scholars at home and abroad have taken the relationship between the capital structure of commercial banks and their operating performance as an important topic to study. In addition, in China's commercial banks, both in terms of scale and quality, Therefore, taking the listed commercial banks of our country as a sample, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the capital structure on the operating performance, and to optimize the capital structure according to the results obtained. Improve business efficiency, improve the overall competitiveness of the goal and put forward rationalization proposals. Commercial banks are enterprises engaged in money assets business. Compared with most ordinary enterprises, commercial banks have their own characteristics, so commercial banks have special capital structure, such as the capital structure with high debt ratio and the dispersed debt structure. The mismatch of the structure of assets and liabilities and the restriction of capital ratio, synthesizing these commonness and individuality, the research contents of this paper are as follows: first, in the domestic and foreign related research aspect, the article has made the systematic synthesis and the simple comment to this, Secondly, it summarizes the basic theory of capital structure and the characteristic nature of capital structure of commercial banks, and analyzes theoretically how the capital structure of commercial banks affects its management performance. Secondly, based on the above theory, This paper analyzes the present situation of the capital structure of 16 listed commercial banks in China from three aspects: equity capital, creditor's capital and subsidiary capital. This paper analyzes the current situation of business performance from four aspects of liquidity and growth. Finally, we select the data of 16 listed commercial banks in China in the past three years and establish a comprehensive evaluation index system. Using factor analysis method to calculate the operating performance value; using EVIEWS software and the individual fixed effect model to process the panel data established; taking the operating performance score as the dependent variable, taking the capital structure index as the independent variable, and taking the operating performance score as the dependent variable and the capital structure index as the independent variable. Linear and nonlinear regression are performed respectively. After the above analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: there are three variables and the bank operating performance is inverted U-shaped curve relationship, which is the proportion of the largest shareholder, the proportion of state-owned shares, the ratio of assets to liabilities, the controlling power of the largest shareholder. The ratio of subsidiary capital to core capital, the natural logarithm of asset size is negatively related to the bank's operating performance, and the sum of the top ten shareholders' shareholdings has a positive effect on the bank's operating performance. Based on the analysis of the present situation of capital structure and the empirical results, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the listed commercial banks to optimize their capital structure and improve their management performance.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.33

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