民生银行长沙分行商贷通风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 19:07

本文选题：民生银行长沙分行　切入点：商贷通　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国金融市场的进一步对外开放,国外银行开始进入我国金融市场,再加上国内中小商业银行及其他金融机构的大量涌现,我国商业银行面临着空前激烈的市场竞争。数量有限的大企业客户显然已经不能满足我国商业银行发展的需要,与此同时,小微企业客户市场却日益繁荣,逐渐成为商业银行新的利润增长点,因此,我国商业银行纷纷将推出小微企业信贷业务。然而,针对新的业务市场,针对新的贷款对象,小微企业由于本身的特点,其贷款风险居高不下。近年来频频发生的金融大案告诫我们,国内商业银行的小微企业货款风险形式严峻、不容乐观,加强操作风险管理显得尤为迫切和重要,这无疑增加了我国商业银行加强贷款风险管理的紧迫性。本文以民生银行长沙分行从事小微企业贷款产品商贷通为研究对象,首先对小微企业、贷款风险等相关概念进行了界定,对商业银行小微企业贷款风险类别、小微企业贷款风险管理体系、贷款风险控制方法等进行了综述,总结出了我国银行放贷难与中小企业贷款难的两难局面。接着对民生银行长沙分行进行了简介,对商贷通产品、办理流程及条件、金额及期限等进行了介绍,并对民生银行商贷通的业务现状,风险控制现状进行了回顾,总结出了商贷通风险管理中存在的问题。在此基础上,明确了民生银行长沙分行商贷通风险控制设计的原则,从商户集群与单个商户两个角度分析对贷前调查阶段——贷中审查阶段——贷后检查阶段的风险控制方案进行了详细的设计,并提出民生银行长沙分行商贷通风险控制方案的实施保障,包括文化保障、组织保障、考核保障等。贷款三查是风险管理中的重要控制环节,本文的重点也体现在贷前调查、贷中审查、贷后检查。贷前调查特色体现在规划制导,这与当前大多数银行业授信业务存在着较大差异,银行业通常将风险管理的重心放在单户审查环节,而该方案将第一风险控制环节放在规划制定过程中,即批量开发的前端,同时也将规划制定责任人纳入严格的考核体系中;贷中审查环节相对于传统银行业风险管理有了一定的弱化,重点审查单户是否符合规划准入,而贷款额度与贷款期限等内容利用数据化工具进行试算,从而减少人为因素干扰,弱化因审查人员的个性差异导致审查结果出现较大偏差;强化贷后检查的重要性,设计了贷后检查流程化的实施方案,并对贷后检查各个环节责任人进行明确,纳入严格的考核体系,不同于传统银行业普遍存在的重贷轻管理念。该风险控制方案设计重点在两端,即贷前调查与贷后检查,反而弱化了大多数银行当前重点关注的单户贷款审查环节,审查岗位人员的工作重心实质上是前移到了贷前调查环节,尤其是在商户批量授信方案的规划制定环节,使单户贷款的审查效率得到大幅度提高,采用数据化理念进行额度试算。为保障该方案的实施效果,在考核设计对传统银行业的考核模式进行了较大变动,将传统银行业的业务推动部门纳入到风险管理考核体系中。小微金融部在传统银行业的理念中应按照业务发展规模进行考核,而本方案设计使小微金融部不仅需要关注业务发展规模,也需要在前端推动业务发展,规划制定过程中更多关注风险管理要求,减少了业务推动部门与风险管理部门之间可能存在的矛盾。希望通过本文的研究帮助民生银行长沙分行管理层确立正确的商贷通风险管理指导思想,为民生银行长沙分行制定具体的商贷通风险管理制度提供帮助,从而实现民生银行长沙分行与小微企业的“双赢”。
[Abstract]:With the further opening up of China's financial market, foreign banks began to enter China's financial market, coupled with the emergence of a large number of domestic small and medium-sized commercial banks and other financial institutions, commercial banks in China are facing unprecedented fierce competition in the market. Large enterprises limited number of customers has apparently unable to meet the needs of the development of China's commercial banks at the same time, Small and micro businesses customer market has become increasingly prosperous, has gradually become a new profit growth point of commercial banks, therefore, China's commercial banks have launched Small and micro businesses credit business. However, in view of the new business market for new loans, Small and micro businesses because of its own characteristics, the loan risk is high in recent years. To the frequent occurrence of the financial case tells us that the domestic commercial bank loan risk Small and micro businesses form of grim, is not optimistic, management will become more necessary to strengthen the operational risk Cut and important, which undoubtedly increases the urgency of strengthening the credit risk management of commercial banks in China. In this paper, the Minsheng Bank branch in Changsha Small and micro businesses loan business loan products as the research object, firstly, Small and micro businesses, credit risk and other related concepts are defined, the commercial bank loan risk categories Small and micro businesses the loan risk management system, Small and micro businesses, credit risk control methods were reviewed and summed up the dilemma of China's bank lending to SME loans. Then makes a brief introduction to the Minsheng Bank branch of Changsha, business loan products, procedures and conditions, amount and duration are introduced in this paper. The present situation and the business of Minsheng Bank business loan risk control, reviewed the status quo, summed up the business loan risk management problems. On this basis, the Minsheng Bank Changsha branch business loan Risk control design principle, from two angles of business clusters and individual businesses of the loan before the survey stage, loan review stage - risk control scheme after inspection stage are designed in detail, and the implementation of the protection of Minsheng Bank Changsha branch business loan risk control scheme, including cultural guarantee, organization guarantee. Security assessment. Three check loan is an important control link in the risk management, the focus of this paper is also reflected in the pre loan investigation, loan review, loan after the inspection. The loan before the survey characteristics reflected in the planning guidance, there is a big difference with most of the current number of banking credit business, banks generally will be the focus of risk management on the single family review links, and the program will be the first link of risk control in the process of planning, namely front-end batch development, and will also be planning responsibility into strict examination System; credit risk management review link relative to the traditional banking industry had a certain weakening, the focus of the review is consistent with single family planning and the use of access, the loan amount and loan term content data tool for calculation, thus reducing the interference of human factors, the weakening of personality differences due to censorship to review the results of deviation; the importance of strengthening the loan after the inspection, the inspection process implementation plan is designed after the loan, and the loan after the inspection of each link of responsibility clear, in the strict examination system, different from the traditional banking universal heavy light tube. The concept of loan risk control scheme design focuses on both ends, namely pre loan investigation and after inspection, but the weakening of most banks focus on the single family loan review links, focus on the substantive examination personnel is forward to the loan before the survey link, Especially in the business making process batch credit program planning, the single family loan review efficiency has been greatly improved, the concept of data amount calculation. To ensure the implementation effect of the scheme and design of the traditional banking assessment model in the assessment of a larger change, the traditional banking sector in promoting business to the evaluation of the risk management system of small micro finance department should conduct assessment in accordance with the scale of development in the traditional banking business philosophy, and the design of the micro finance ministry not only need to focus on business development scale, it is necessary to promote business development in the end, risk management requires more attention in the process of planning, reduce business between the Department and the Department of risk management to promote the possible contradictions. Hope that through this study to help Changsha Minsheng Bank branch management to establish the correct business loan risk The guiding ideology is to provide help for Changsha branch of Minsheng Bank to develop a specific business credit risk management system, so as to achieve "win-win" between Minsheng Bank Changsha branch and small and micro businesses.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4

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