基于银行视角的中小企业融资难问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 11:12

本文选题：中小企业 + 银行　；参考：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：企业是市场经济的主体,对国民经济有着非常重要的作用。目前，中小企业(主要是民营企业)在促进经济发展、扩大社会就业和改善人民生活等方面起着非常重要的作用。目前资金问题仍然是制约中小企业迅速发展的重要因素,中小企业融资问题尤其是银行信贷融资问题一直是近年来全球理论界和实务界重点关注的问题。多数的研究都在进行纯粹的理论分析，或者仅就某一方面进行分析，不够全面，没有得出根本性的结论。基于银行视角对中小企业融资难问题进行研究的文献中，很少有学者结合社会实际进行研究。基于中小企业融资难这一客观事实，本文对信贷这一事物的两方面——中小企业和银行进行分析，通过调查问卷的形式研究银行在对待中小企业融资上，本身存在哪些问题使得中小企业信贷道路困难；同时调查中小企业在面对银行的贷款要求时，中小企业是否能够满足银行要求，其表现如何，进而分析在融资难这个问题上中小企业的“贡献”有多大。文章共分为五大部分：第一部分：介绍了本文的选题背景及研究意义、文献综述、研究方法及研究思路和本文研究的创新点。第二部分：介绍了中小企业融资的相关理论以及中小企业融资现状。第三部分：首先对调查问卷的设计进行描述，其次介绍了银行自身存在哪些问题导致了对中小企业融资难，并结合本次的调查问卷进行了分析，同时根据分析得出相关结论。第四部分：介绍了中小企业存在的对融资产生的影响因素，并根据调查问卷（一）进行数据分析。第五部分：根据上文的分析给出了政策建议，并分析了本文的研究局限。通过文章的分析，对得出结论概括如下：（1）银行风险管理不规范增加了银行面临的总体风险。（2）信贷过程中，银行的成本控制有待加强。（3）中小企业经营管理存在漏洞，财务风险、经营风险偏高。（4）中小企业盈利能力有限，发展前景不明朗。（5）中小企业信用意识淡薄，信用度普遍偏低。针对以上结论给出了如下建议：（1）从内部控制环境、风险管理和内部控制活动三方面来加强风险管理，降低银行面临的总体风险。（2）银行应当寻找适合中小企业的审批流程，同时做好事前、事中和事后的管理，，减少贷款损失。（3）中小企业在经营过程中应当加强管理，降低企业风险。（4）在日常经营过程中，中小企业应当加强信用管理，同时信用担保机构应当积极发挥自身作用。
[Abstract]:The enterprise is the main body of market economy, have very important function to national economy. At present, small and medium-sized enterprises (mainly private enterprises) play a very important role in promoting economic development, expanding social employment and improving people's life. At present, the problem of capital is still an important factor restricting the rapid development of SMEs. The financing of SMEs, especially the problem of bank credit financing, has been the focus of attention in the field of global theory and practice in recent years. Most of the studies are purely theoretical analysis, or only on one side of the analysis, is not comprehensive enough, did not draw a fundamental conclusion. In the literature on the financing difficulties of SMEs from the perspective of banks, few scholars combine the social reality. Based on the objective fact that the financing of SMEs is difficult, this paper analyzes the two aspects of credit, small and medium-sized enterprises and banks, through the form of questionnaire to study the bank in the treatment of SME financing, What are the problems that make the credit path of SMEs difficult; at the same time, we investigate whether SMEs can meet the requirements of banks in the face of bank loan requirements, and how they behave. Then it analyzes the contribution of small and medium-sized enterprises on the problem of financing difficulties. The article is divided into five parts: the first part: introduces the background and significance of this paper, literature review, research methods and research ideas and innovative points of this study. The second part: introduces the related theory of SME financing and the status quo of SME financing. The third part describes the design of the questionnaire, and then introduces what problems the banks have caused the financing of SMEs, and combined with the questionnaire to analyze, at the same time, draw the relevant conclusions according to the analysis. The fourth part: introduces the influence factors of SMEs on financing, and carries on the data analysis according to the questionnaire (1). The fifth part: according to the above analysis gives the policy recommendations, and analyzes the limitations of this study. Through the analysis of the article, the conclusions are summarized as follows: Non-standard bank risk management increases the overall risk faced by banks. In the credit process, the cost control of banks needs to be strengthened. Small and medium-sized enterprises have loopholes in operation and management, financial risk and management risk are on the high side. Small and medium-sized enterprises profit ability is limited, the development prospect is not clear. 5) the credit consciousness of small and medium-sized enterprises is weak and the credit degree is generally on the low side. In view of the above conclusions, the following suggestions are given: 1) strengthening risk management from three aspects of internal control environment, risk management and internal control activities to reduce the overall risk faced by banks. Banks should look for a suitable approval process for SMEs, and at the same time, do a good job of management before, during and after, and reduce loan losses. Small and medium-sized enterprises should strengthen management and reduce their risks in the course of operation. In the course of daily operation, small and medium-sized enterprises should strengthen credit management and credit guarantee institutions should play an active role.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4

【参考文献】