银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B理财模式

发布时间：2018-05-02 18:36

本文选题：中小企业 + P2B　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国中小企业的数量已经达到4700余万家,在中国企业比重中占到了97%以上[1],在增加就业、促进经济发展以及改善经济结构等方面都起到了非常重要的作用,可以说,没有量大面广的中小企业的良性快速发展,就没有整个国民经济的快速发展。但中小企业发展的道路并不是特别顺利,制约其发展的一个重要因素是资金,所以,如何解决融资难问题将直接关系到中小企业能否更好更快的发展。中小企业融资难的主要原因既有来自外部融资要求高,融资渠道少等原因,也有来自于中小企业自身的原因。一方面,中小企业因其规模小、发展时间短、缺乏有效抵押物、信用度低等原因导致其通过银行等外部渠道融资困难,严重制约其持续、健康发展;另一方面,随着现代票据支付业务的快速发展,绝大多数中小企业都持有大量未到期、无法变现的银行承兑汇票,势必会造成现金短缺,更加重了中小企业的资金困难,因过量收取银行承兑汇票而造成现金缺乏也已经成为很多中小企业比较棘手的问题。当然,中小企业也因为具备小、快、灵的优点,非常容易借助新的技术解决融资难题,得到快速发展。随着互联网技术的发展,互联网也给中小企业的发展提供了新的增长点,中小企业利用互联网提供的信息流等等取得了令人瞩目的成果,同时这一新的方式也为快速融资提供了可能。P2B网络融资正是中小企业与互联网、银行等几方面共同努力促成的新的融资方式。在互联网技术不断进步的推动下,P2B金融模式作为一种新兴的网络借贷模式,近年来在国内外迅速发展。P2B网络借贷模式是指建立在互联网平台上,提供企业与富裕资金的投资人之间相互撮合的一种借贷形式,相对于传统融资方式来说,具有借贷方式方便快捷、成本较低且覆盖面广,为中小企业提供了新的融资视角和渠道,并有望破解传统商业银行信贷模式久未攻克的中小企业融资难题。然而,这一创新模式在中小企业融资的实际运用中仍存在交易费用过高、征信体系不健全以及缺乏法律监管等诸多问题。为解决这些问题,促进我国中小企业P2B融资模式的健康发展,本文对目前市场上以银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B网络借贷模式进行了描述,并以国内发展最早的银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B网络借贷平台金银猫为案例进行了分析,指出了此类平台出现的一些问题以及解决问题的方法。以银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B网络融资做为中小企业新兴的融资方式,目前在发展中也遇到一些问题与瓶颈,本文文中从票据风险、法律的空白、监管的缺失以及技术等其它风险四个方面详细进行了分析。基于上述问题的存在,通过分析现阶段P2B网络融资的市场条件、法律环境,为促进银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B平台的规范发展,避免不必要的风险,本文提出了相应的解决方法。最后,本文对以银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B网络借贷平台的发展进行了归纳总结,并展望了此类模式的发展方向。以银行承兑汇票收益权质押的P2B网络借贷模式作为新生事物,其发展愈来愈受到银行、政府相关部门的重视,中小企业也逐渐了解并尝试通过其来解决资金问题,随着互联网的进一步发展,有理由相信此类网络借贷平台会成为中小企业融资的一条重要途径。
[Abstract]:At present, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China has reached more than 4700 million, accounting for more than 97% [1] in the proportion of Chinese enterprises. It has played a very important role in increasing employment, promoting economic development and improving the economic structure. It can be said that there is no whole national economy without a large scale and a large and broad medium and small enterprises. But the road of small and medium-sized enterprise development is not very smooth. One important factor that restricts its development is capital. Therefore, how to solve the problem of financing is directly related to the better and faster development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The main reasons for the difficult financing of small and medium-sized enterprises are from the high demand of external financing and the lack of financing channels. On the one hand, small and medium-sized enterprises, because of their small scale, short development time, lack of effective mortgages and low credit reasons, cause their financing difficulties through banks and other external channels, which seriously restrict their continuous and healthy development; on the other hand, with the rapid development of modern bill payment business, the vast majority of them have developed rapidly. Small and medium-sized enterprises hold a large number of undue and unconverted bank acceptance bills, which will cause a shortage of cash, which makes it more difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to pay more money. Due to the excessive collection of bank acceptance bills, the lack of cash has become a difficult problem for many small and medium-sized enterprises. With the development of the Internet technology, the Internet has also provided a new growth point for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and medium enterprises have made remarkable achievements in the use of the information flow provided by the Internet, and this new way is also provided for rapid financing. It is possible that the.P2B network financing is the new financing way that the small and medium enterprises and the Internet and the bank have worked together. With the continuous progress of the Internet technology, the P2B financial model is a new type of network lending mode. In recent years, the rapid development of.P2B network lending mode at home and abroad is based on the Internet platform, A loan form which provides mutual matching between the investors and the rich capital investors is convenient, fast, low cost and wide coverage compared to the traditional financing methods. It provides a new financing perspective and channel for small and medium-sized enterprises, and is expected to solve the integration of small and medium-sized enterprises which have not been attacked for a long time by the traditional commercial banks' credit mode. However, this innovation model still has many problems, such as high transaction costs, imperfect credit system and lack of legal supervision in the practical use of SME financing. In order to solve these problems and promote the healthy development of the P2B financing model of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, the present market is based on the quality of the bank acceptance bill. The P2B network loan model is described, and the case of the P2B network lending platform, which is the earliest development of the bank acceptance rights pledge in China, is analyzed, and some problems and methods to solve the problems are pointed out. The P2B network financing of the bank acceptance rate pledge is small and medium. Some problems and bottlenecks are also encountered in the development of the new financing methods in the enterprise. In this paper, four aspects of the bill risk, the blank of the law, the lack of supervision and other risks are analyzed in detail. Based on the existence of the above problems, the market conditions and legal environment of the P2B network in the present stage are analyzed, and the legal environment is promoted. The development of the P2B platform for the pledge of the benefit of the bank acceptance bill to avoid unnecessary risks, this paper puts forward the corresponding solutions. Finally, this paper summarizes the development of the P2B network lending platform based on the pledge of the bank acceptance bill of exchange, and looks forward to the development direction of this type of model, and the benefit of the bank acceptance bill. As a new thing, the P2B network lending mode of right pledge is becoming more and more important for banks and government related departments. Small and medium enterprises have gradually understood and tried to solve the problem of funds through it. With the further development of the Internet, there is reason to believe that this kind of network lending platform will become an important way of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F832.4

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