黑龙江省农民专业合作社的金融支持研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 06:58

本文选题：农民专业合作社 + 金融支持　；参考：《东北农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民专业合作社提高了农民的组织化程度,已经成为带领农户走向市场化的主要桥梁。《农民专业合作社法》从2007年7月1日起施行,在此背景下黑龙江省农民专业合作社发展速度很快,到2012年底,我省的农民专业合作社总数量达到29089个,比2007年的5017个增加了24072个,总量排名全国第七位。农民专业合作社覆盖行政村由2007年的4%提高到2012年的90%,带动农户数由2007年的近2万户增加到2012年的120万户。尽管农民专业合作社的发展趋势良好,但金融机构对农民专业合作社金融支持还不十分到位,金融服务落后于农民专业合作社的发展势态,这制约了农民专业合作社的发展。因此,加大金融对合作社的支持十分必要。本研究通过对国内外文献资料的归纳整理和实地调研,首先从概念界定开始分别介绍了农民专业合作社和金融支持,提出了本研究的理论基础,分析了黑龙江省农民专业合作社的金融供需状况,归纳总结金融支持现状中存有的问题,其主要是资金供求不平衡、正规金融融资渠道不畅、非正规金融支持有限、农村金融机构信贷服务效率低下、缺乏农业保险及风险分担机制。利用发放调查问卷、访谈和层次分析法,从农民专业合作社自身、金融机构、政府三方面来剖析影响黑龙江省金融机构支持农民专业合作社的因素,并对各因素进行综合排序,找出影响黑龙江省金融支持农民专业合作社的重要因素,这些因素主要是合作社抵押物、合作社盈利能力、金融机构机会成本和合作社机构设置健全程度。通过学习美国、日本、印度及国内典型地区金融支持合作社的方式模式从中获得启示。最后从农民专业合作社、金融机构、政府、法律法规建设、模式选择五方面提出完善黑龙江省农民专业合作社金融支持的对策。一是加强农民专业合作社规范化建设,主要包括增强合作社自身组织制度和财务制度建设；创新农民专业合作社经营机制,增强自身盈利能力。二是金融机构提高对农民专业合作社的金融服务。提升对农民专业合作社的服务意识,避免信贷资金大量流出农村；加大农村金融便利设施建设：创新担保方式、创新信用贷款方式、创新金融产品,加大金融服务创新。三是政府发挥纽带作用促进金融对农民专业合作社的支持。加大财政扶持、积极推进新型农村金融机构的发展、积极推动农业保险体系和担保制度建设为金融机构支持农民专业合作社创造良好的政策环境。四是完善相关法律法规,为金融机构支持农民专业合作社创造良好的法律环境。五是选择合适的金融支持模式来促进黑龙江省农民专业合作社的发展。
[Abstract]:The farmers' specialized cooperatives have improved the farmers' organizational level and become the main bridge to lead farmers to marketization. The Law on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives came into force on July 1, 2007. By the end of 2012, the total number of farmers' specialized cooperatives in Heilongjiang Province reached 29089, which was 24072 more than the 5017 in 2007, ranking seventh in the whole country. The number of farmers' cooperatives increased from 4% in 2007 to 90% in 2012, and the number of farmers increased from nearly 20 000 in 2007 to 1.2 million in 2012. Although the development trend of the farmer specialized cooperative is good, the financial support of the financial institution to the farmer specialized cooperative is not quite in place, and the financial service lags behind the development situation of the farmer specialized cooperative, which restricts the development of the farmer specialized cooperative. Therefore, it is necessary to increase financial support for cooperatives. This study through the domestic and foreign literature material induction and the field investigation, first has introduced the farmer specialized cooperative and the financial support separately from the concept definition, proposed this research theory foundation, This paper analyzes the situation of financial supply and demand of farmers' specialized cooperatives in Heilongjiang Province, and summarizes the problems existing in the present situation of financial support. The main problems are the imbalance of capital supply and demand, the lack of formal financial financing channels, and the limited informal financial support. Rural financial institutions credit service efficiency is low, lack of agricultural insurance and risk sharing mechanism. By using questionnaires, interviews and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper analyzes the factors that influence the financial institutions of Heilongjiang Province to support the farmers' professional cooperatives from three aspects, namely, the farmers' professional cooperatives themselves, financial institutions and the government, and makes a comprehensive ranking of the factors. This paper finds out the important factors that affect the financial support of farmers' professional cooperatives in Heilongjiang Province, which are mainly cooperative mortgage, cooperative profitability, opportunity cost of financial institutions and the degree of establishment and soundness of cooperative institutions. Learn from the model of financial support cooperatives in America, Japan, India and China. Finally, the countermeasures of perfecting the financial support of farmers' specialized cooperatives in Heilongjiang Province are put forward from five aspects: farmers' specialized cooperatives, financial institutions, government, laws and regulations construction and mode selection. One is to strengthen the standardized construction of farmers' specialized cooperatives, mainly including strengthening the construction of cooperatives' own organizational system and financial system, and innovating the management mechanism of farmers' specialized cooperatives to enhance their own profitability. Second, financial institutions improve financial services to farmers' professional cooperatives. To enhance the service awareness of farmers' professional cooperatives, to avoid a large number of credit funds out of rural areas; to increase rural financial facilities construction: innovative guarantee, innovative credit loans, innovative financial products, increase innovation in financial services. Third, the government plays a role as a link to promote financial support for farmers' professional cooperatives. Increase financial support, actively promote the development of new rural financial institutions, actively promote the construction of agricultural insurance system and guarantee system for financial institutions to support farmers' professional cooperatives to create a good policy environment. Fourth, improve relevant laws and regulations, and create a good legal environment for financial institutions to support farmers' professional cooperatives. Fifth, choose the appropriate financial support model to promote the development of professional cooperatives of farmers in Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F321.42;F832.35

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