中国农村普惠金融发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 07:23

本文选题：农村普惠金融发展 + 政府与市场关系　；参考：《福建师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：改革开放30多年来,中国农业和农村经济得到了长足发展,取得了非凡的成就。但从21世纪初,中国农村发展的相对滞后性问题不断凸显,继续深化农村改革,促进农村经济增长、农业发展和农民增收成为了党中央和国务院高度重视的问题。对于“三农”问题的解决,农村金融的发展与支持至关重要。然而,农村金融仍是整个中国金融体系中最为薄弱的环节,农村经济主体的信贷和其他金融服务需求得不到满足的现象依然广泛存在。2013年11月,党的十八届三中全会提出要“发展普惠金融”,即建立能够有效、全方位地为社会所有阶层和群体提供服务的金融体系。2015年10月,党的十八届五中全会提出了“全面建成小康社会新的目标要求”,特别强调要“坚持共享发展”,“实施脱贫攻坚工程”。发展农村普惠金融应是下一步我国金融体系改革的重点所在,是实现农民尤其是农村贫困人口共享发展,实施金融扶贫的重要途径。研究我国农村普惠金融的发展,非常关键的核心问题就是正确处理好中国农村普惠金融发展中的政府与市场关系,发挥好市场和政府的作用。本文以马克思经济学有关农业、金融发展和农业发展的金融支持理论,以及中国特色社会主义相关理论为指导,通过借鉴西方经济学的相关理论,界定了农村普惠金融发展的范畴,构建了政府与市场作用视角下中国农村普惠金融发展的理论依据。在此理论指导下,从中国农村普惠金融的现实考察出发,分析当前中国农村普惠金融发展面临的问题、原因及形成机理。国外一些国家在农村普惠金融发展方面具有成功的经验,对中国农村普惠金融发展具有一定的启示。在前文论述基础上,文章提出了促进中国农村普惠金融发展的总体框架设计,包括中国农村普惠金融发展的目标与原则、框架和路径。中国农村普惠金融发展的核心问题应是重塑政府与市场关系,发挥市场的决定性作用以及更好地发挥政府的引导扶持作用。发挥市场的决定性作用需要深化农村金融市场体制改革,发挥市场竞争机制、价格机制以及市场退出等机制的作用。更好地发挥政府的引导扶持作用要求合理确定政府与市场边界,政府要致力于弥补“市场失灵”,同时减少政府干预过程中的“政府失灵”。
[Abstract]:Over 30 years of reform and opening up, China's agriculture and rural economy has made great progress and made remarkable achievements. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, the relative lag problem of China's rural development has become increasingly prominent, and continued to deepen rural reform, promote rural economic growth, agricultural development and farmers' income increase has become the party Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to. The development and support of rural finance is very important to solve the problem of agriculture, countryside and farmers. However, rural finance is still the weakest link in the whole Chinese financial system, and the unmet demand for credit and other financial services of rural economic entities is still widespread. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed the "development of inclusive finance", that is, the establishment of a financial system capable of providing services to all sectors and groups of society in an effective and comprehensive manner. The Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the "new goal requirement of building a well-off society in an all-round way", with special emphasis on "persisting in sharing development" and "carrying out the project to overcome poverty and tackle key problems". The development of rural inclusive finance should be the key point of our country's financial system reform in the next step. It is an important way to realize the shared development of peasants, especially the rural poor, and to implement financial poverty alleviation. To study the development of rural inclusive finance in China, the key problem is to correctly deal with the relationship between government and market in the development of rural inclusive finance in China, and to play a good role in market and government. This paper is guided by the theory of financial support of Marxist economics on agriculture, financial development and agricultural development, as well as the relevant theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and draws lessons from the relevant theories of western economics. This paper defines the scope of rural inclusive finance development and constructs the theoretical basis for the development of rural inclusive finance in China from the perspective of government and market. Under the guidance of this theory, this paper analyzes the problems, causes and formation mechanism of the development of rural inclusive finance in China from the perspective of the reality of rural inclusive finance in China. Some foreign countries have successful experience in the development of rural inclusive finance, which has some enlightenment to the development of rural inclusive finance in China. On the basis of the previous discussion, the paper puts forward the overall framework design for promoting the development of rural inclusive finance in China, including the goals and principles, the framework and the path of the development of rural inclusive finance in China. The core problem of the development of rural inclusive finance in China should be to reshape the relationship between the government and the market, to give play to the decisive role of the market and to play a better role in the guidance and support of the government. The decisive role of the market needs to deepen the reform of the rural financial market system, give play to the role of market competition mechanism, price mechanism and market withdrawal mechanism. To play a better role in guiding and supporting the government requires a reasonable determination of the boundary between the government and the market, and the government should devote itself to making up for the "market failure" and reducing the "government failure" in the process of government intervention.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.35

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