中国P2P网络贷款行业研究报告

发布时间：2018-05-28 11:31

本文选题：P2P网络借贷 + 行业研究　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：小额贷款的理念起源于20世纪70年代,是诺贝尔经济学家尤纳斯教授在解决孟加拉国的贫困地区农民的借款需求时发展出来的理念。随后小额贷款被广泛推广,运用到发展中国家的扶贫项目。21世纪以后,随着互联网技术的迅速发展,小额贷款的理念与互联网技术开始融合,P2P贷款平台也由此应运而生。P2P网络贷款的本质就是小额信贷的互联网化。 2005年,全球第一家P2P贷款平台Zopa在英国伦敦诞生。凭着P2P贷款行业的高效、便捷的特色,P2P网络贷款迅速得到了社会的认可,P2P贷款平台也在其他国家迅速复制。2007年,国内第一家P2P贷款平台拍拍贷在上海成立。虽然国内的P2P贷款行业产生的时间并不短,但是P2P贷款行业早期的发展速度较为缓慢。直到2010年,国内的P2P贷款行业才迅速发展起来。截至2013年底,P2P网络贷款行业成交规模突破了1000亿元。乍眼看来,P2P贷款行业已经发展成一定规模,且还有继续发展的可能性。但国内P2P网络贷款行业的发展速度,与余额宝不到一年既突破4000亿元的发展速度相比,可谓是不值一提。按理说,从P2P贷款行业的供需市场来看,P2P贷款行业的发展速度应该十分迅速。首先,P2P贷款行业的借款需求来自于市场上的小微企业、个体经营者以及个人消费的借款,而这类市场主体受各种因素的影响,难以从商业银行中获取贷款,缺乏融资渠道；其次,P2P贷款行业的投资需求大部分来自于有闲置资金的投资者,相比与银行较低的利率来说,具有更强的竞争力。所以,P2P贷款行业的供需市场十分充足,不应该发展如此缓慢。加之与我国小微企业的贷款存量相比,现有的P2P网络贷款的市场规模还是显得略小。文章主要分为五个部分进行阐述。第一部分,文章从P2P贷款的概念入手,阐述P2P贷款理念的起源,然后对国内外P2P网络贷款行业的发展历程进行描述,让读者初步了解P2P网络贷款行业。第二部分,文章主要是对国内P2P网络贷款行业的现状进行分析,总结出国内P2P网络贷款行业具有前期发展缓慢,中期突然加速,转而趋向平和；行业区域化发展；贷款产品期限短、利率高；竞争激烈、行业集中高的特点,以及描述目前行业所面临的问题。第三部分,文章从两个方面入手,一方面从宏观环境方面进行分析,探寻政治和法律环境、经济环境、社会文化环境、技术环境是怎样影响国内P2P网络贷款行业的发展历程；另一方面,从行业特征入手,寻找出行业特征是怎样影响P2P网络贷款行业的发展的。第四部分,文章主要以人人贷平台为例进行验证,首先对人人贷的发展状况进行描述,然后来验证宏观环境与行业特征是怎么影响人人贷的发展历程的。第五部分,文章主要是针对目前国内P2P网络贷款行业所存在的问题,对于这些问题,笔者从宏观环境以及行业特征两方面出发,做出国内P2P网络贷款行业未来发展趋势的预测。文章的主要贡献在于P2P网络贷款行业是一个新兴的行业,学术界对于P2P网络贷款行业的研究大多集中在风险控制、法律监管、借贷者信用等层面,对P2P网络贷款行业发展轨迹研究几乎没有。笔者选择这一新的研究点,算是对P2P贷款研究的一个补充。从现实意义上看,小微企业的融资难的问题一直都是制约着小微企业发展,而小微企业再国民经济中占有很重要的地位,P2P网络贷款行业算是传统金融的一个有效补充。对P2P网络贷款行业进行研究,找出制约行业发展的不利因素,提出有效的解决方法,既有利于小微企业的发展,有丰富了投资者的投资渠道,促进国内金融市场的发展。
[Abstract]:The concept of microfinance originated in 1970s, which was developed by Professor Jonas, an economist of Nobel, in solving the needs of the farmers in the poor areas of Bangladesh. Then microloans were widely popularized and applied to the poverty alleviation projects in developing countries after the.21 century, with the rapid development of Internet technology. The concept of forehead loan has begun to merge with Internet technology, and the P2P loan platform has come into being. The essence of.P2P network loan is the Internet of microfinance.
In 2005, the world's first P2P loan platform, Zopa, was born in London. With the high efficiency and convenience of the P2P loan industry, the P2P network loan was quickly recognized by the society. The P2P loan platform was also rapidly replicating for.2007 in other countries, and the first domestic P2P loan platform was set up in Shanghai.
Although the time produced by the domestic P2P loan industry is not short, the early development speed of the P2P loan industry is slow. Until 2010, the domestic P2P loan industry developed rapidly. By the end of 2013, the transaction scale of the P2P network loan industry broke through 100 billion yuan. At first glance, the P2P loan industry has developed into a certain scale, and There is also the possibility of continuing development. However, the development speed of the domestic P2P network loan industry is not worth mentioning in comparison with the development speed of 400 billion yuan in less than a year. Reasonably, from the supply and demand market of the P2P loan industry, the development speed of the P2P loan industry should be very rapid. First, the loan needs of the P2P loan industry need to be borrowed. For the small micro enterprises, individual operators and personal consumption loans from the market, this kind of market subject is difficult to obtain loans from commercial banks and lack of financing channels. Secondly, the investment demand of P2P loan industry comes mostly from investors who have idle funds and lower interest rates than banks. For example, it is more competitive. Therefore, the supply and demand market of the P2P loan industry is very sufficient and should not be developed so slowly. In addition, compared with the loan stock of small and micro enterprises in China, the market size of existing P2P network loans is slightly smaller.
The article is divided into five parts. The first part, starting with the concept of P2P loan, expounds the origin of the P2P loan concept, and then describes the development course of the P2P network loan industry at home and abroad, and let the readers understand the P2P network loan industry initially. The article is mainly about the status of the domestic P2P network loan industry. The analysis is carried out to conclude that the domestic P2P network loan industry has a slow development, a sudden acceleration in the medium term, a turn to the flat, the regional development of the industry, the short term of the loan product, the high interest rate, the fierce competition, the high concentration of the industry, and the description of the problems facing the current industry. The third part, the article starts with two aspects. In the aspect of the macro environment, we can find out how the political and legal environment, the economic environment, the social culture environment and the technical environment affect the development of the domestic P2P network loan industry. On the other hand, starting with the characteristics of the industry, how to find out how the industry characteristics affect the development of the P2P network loan industry. The fourth part, the main part of the article. We should take the platform of everyone's loan as an example to verify, first of all, to describe the development of everyone's loan, and then to verify how the macro environment and industry characteristics affect the development process of everyone's loan. The fifth part is mainly aimed at the problems existing in the domestic P2P network loan industry, and the author from the macro environment. And two aspects of industry characteristics, to make the prediction of the future development trend of domestic P2P network loan industry.
The main contribution of this article is that the P2P network loan industry is a new industry. The research on the P2P network loan industry is mostly focused on the risk control, legal supervision, and the credit of the borrower, and there is little research on the development trajectory of the P2P network loan industry. The author chooses this new research point as the research on the P2P loan. In a realistic sense, the difficulty of financing for small and micro enterprises has always restricted the development of small and micro enterprises, and the small and micro enterprises occupy a very important position in the national economy. The P2P network loan industry is an effective supplement to the traditional finance. Research on the P2P network loan industry to find out the restriction of the development of the industry The effective factors are not only conducive to the development of small and micro enterprises, but also enrich the investment channels of investors and promote the development of domestic financial market.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F832.4

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