中国企业对外直接投资的障碍及对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 20:00

本文选题：中国企业 + 对外直接投资　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：1979年开始至今，我国企业对外直接投资的发展经历了自发探索、逐步形成、快速发展三个主要阶段，从1979年到2000年这段期间，我国所谓的“国际投资”只是以吸引外资为主要目的。我国在加入WTO以后，随着经济的全面发展以及与世界经济的接轨，我国的对外直接投资进入了快速发展阶段，同时我国对外直接投资在国际市场扮演者越来越重要的角色。正因为我国对外直接投资快速发展，规模日益壮大，我国企业在对外直接投资过程中所面临的障碍因素也显著增多。因此，能够全面的认识我国对外直接投资所面临障碍因素，并根据不同的障碍因素采取不同的应对策略进行预防，这就具有十分重要的意义。论文主要介绍了我国企业在对外直接投资过程中遇到的障碍因素和相关的应对策略。除了导论外，全文一共分为五个部分。第二部分就企业对外投资的影响因素进行了理论分析。主要从对外直接投资动机、方式、区位选择三个方面及其决定因素进行理论总结。认为理论上拟投资国政策、法律法规、企业自身能力、外部环境的动态性决定着企业对外直接投资动机；企业自身对外直接投资的经验等因素决定了企业对外直接投资采用新建还是并购，企业自身优势及经营情况等因素决定了企业对外直接投资采用独资还是合资；行业的选择、所有权优势等内部因素及基础设施、政策等外部因素决定着企业对外直接投资区位选择。第三部分分析了我国对外投资的现状及动因。认为我国对外直接投资经历了缓慢发展、逐步形成、快速发展三个阶段，并通过对外直接投资流量、投资行业、投资地域、投资主体以及投资进入方式、跨国程度几个方面全面介绍了我国对外直接投资的发展现状及现今特点。第四部分从国际、国内及企业自身三个方面分别对我国企业进行对外直接投资过程中所遇到的障碍进行了详细的分析。认为政治民族主义，恐怖主义，国际法律，文化，商业，国际投资规则等因素是我国遇到的国际障碍；对外直接投资项目审批程序冗杂、金融制度落后所导致的对外直接投资企业资金供给不足、缺乏与对外直接投资相关政策的引导与扶持、法律法规、中介服务机构的缺失等因素是我遇到的国内障碍。第五部分从政府和企业角度有针对性的提出应该采取的策略建议。面对国际障碍因素，我国政府应该做到积极参与双边或多边投资协定的制定及谈判、建立及改进与对外投资相关的法律法法规等；企业也应该充分利用国家的外交资源、充分利用国际担保机构及保险机构等。面对国内障碍因素，，我国政府要做到简化审批体制、完善金融体制、设立更多的为对外直接投资企业服务的中介机构等。面对企业自身障碍因素，论文也分别从国有企业和民营企业角度分别提出了应对策略。最后进行了总结。提出在未来发展道路上应该注意对更多的障碍因素进行防范，同时要抓住参与国际投资协定谈判的机会，为我国赢取更多有利条款，促进我国对外直接投资的发展。本文的创新点在于结合案例分别对我国国有企业及民营企业在对外直接投资时遇到的障碍因素进行了较为全面的分析与总结，并且对中国企业实现对外直接投资规模的增长以及保证对外直接投资的应对策略上提出了较为新颖的见解。但是文章还存在不足之处，由于数据和资料的不全，文章的内容可能会与实际情况有所出入；同时也因为本人能力有限，对中国企业对外直接投资应对一些障碍所提出的策略可能会存在不全面的缺陷。
[Abstract]:From 1979 to 2000 , our country ' s foreign direct investment has entered the rapid development stage , and our country ' s foreign direct investment has become more and more important in the process of foreign direct investment .

In addition to the introduction , the full text is divided into five parts .

The second part makes a theoretical analysis on the influencing factors of enterprise ' s external investment .
The factors such as the experience of the foreign direct investment in the enterprise determine whether the enterprise ' s direct investment adopts the new or the acquisition , the enterprise ' s own advantage and the operation condition , etc . determines whether the enterprise ' s direct investment is wholly owned or joint venture ;
External factors such as choice of industry , ownership advantage , etc . and external factors such as infrastructure and policy determine the location choice of foreign direct investment in enterprises .

The third part analyzes the current situation and motivation of our country ' s foreign direct investment . It is believed that China ' s foreign direct investment has experienced slow development , gradual formation and rapid development .

The fourth part analyzes the obstacles encountered in the process of foreign direct investment from the three aspects of international , domestic and enterprise . It is considered that political nationalism , terrorism , international law , culture , commerce and international investment rule are the international obstacles encountered in our country ;
The foreign direct investment project approval process is lengthy , the financial system is backward , the external direct investment enterprise capital supply is insufficient , the lack of the guidance and support of the foreign direct investment related policies , the laws and regulations , the absence of the intermediary service institutions , and so on are the domestic obstacles that I have encountered .

The fifth part , from the perspective of government and enterprise , puts forward the policy suggestions that should be taken . In the face of international obstacle factors , our government should actively participate in the development and negotiation of bilateral or multilateral investment agreements , establish and improve laws and regulations related to foreign investment , etc .
Enterprises should make full use of the diplomatic resources of the country , make full use of international security institutions and insurance institutions , etc . In the face of domestic obstacle factors , our government should simplify the examination and approval system , perfect the financial system , set up more intermediaries for the foreign direct investment enterprises , etc . In the face of the obstacle factors of the enterprises , the paper also puts forward countermeasures from the angle of state - owned enterprises and private enterprises , respectively .

At the same time , we should seize the opportunity to participate in the negotiation of international investment agreement , win more favorable terms for our country and promote the development of China ' s foreign direct investment .

The innovation point of this paper lies in the comprehensive analysis and summary of the obstacles encountered by Chinese state - owned enterprises and private enterprises in the foreign direct investment in combination with the cases , and puts forward some novel opinions on the growth of Chinese enterprises to realize the growth of foreign direct investment scale and the coping strategies to guarantee the foreign direct investment . However , the article also has some shortcomings , and the contents of the articles may be different from the actual situation due to the incomplete data and information ;
At the same time , because I have limited ability , there may be incomplete defects in the strategies put forward by Chinese enterprises to deal with some obstacles to foreign direct investment .
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F279.2

【参考文献】