我国普惠金融发展对城乡居民福利差异的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 17:49

本文选题：普惠金融发展 + 普惠金融指数　；参考：《湖北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：金融作为现代经济的核心,是经济发展的“源头活水”。金融发展与经济增长之间正向关系已经被国内外学者研究证实。2008年爆发的国际金融危机对国际社会的影响更是让人深信不疑两者之间的关系。在我国国内,在国家致力于城乡统筹发展的同时,我国仍然存在严重的二元金融问题,明显地表现为金融资源向城市、东部经济发达地区集中,机构和资金从农村地区、西部地区撤离,转向城市、东部地区,农村地区、西部地区成为金融服务的荒漠,穷人等弱势群体被排斥于金融体系之外的现象,这样势必导致城乡二元经济、城乡居民贫富分化和收入差距拉大,严重制约我国经济社会发展。从金融发展与经济发展关系分析,金融发展落后的地区,经济发展也必将落后,必然影响人们的生活水平,金融二元结构将会使上述情况恶性循环下去。通过对金融发展困境和城乡二元化经济结构的反思,本文认为,金融的发展要普惠所有的人群和地区,让所有对金融有需求的人都可以平等地享受金融服务,所以本文引入2005年普惠金融概念,并就此研究普惠金融发展对我国城乡居民的影响。本文以普惠金融发展理论为研究基石,提出了普惠金融的发展可以缩小城乡居民福利差距的基本假设。文章的基本研究思路如下：基于本文第一章对研究背景和国内外的相关研究的阐述,本文第二章则主要是对本文的相关研究作理论补充,主要概述了普惠金融的发展历程和介绍了国内外普惠金融成功的发展模式,发现普惠金融发展模式在不同国家间可以相互借鉴。本文第三章介绍了我国普惠金融发展现状。与国外普惠金融的发展现状作比较后,着重介绍了我国普惠金融的发展现状,通过数据分析我国东部、中部和西部地区各省市金融机构营业网点和金融机构存贷款情况。最后通过构建的IF工指数测算了我国东、中、西部各省市的普惠金融发展水平,并进行了比较分析。本文第四章通过综合指数法构建了城乡居民福利差异指数,并测算了我国各省市的城乡居民差异指数,在此基础上,通过面板的固定效应模型和随机效应模型实证分析了我国全国层面、东部地区、中部地区和西部地区的普惠金融发展水平对城乡居民差异的影响。实证结果表明,我国普惠金融的发展的确改善了城乡居民福利差异,缩小了城乡居民福利差距,但各地区普惠金融的发展对城乡居民福利差异的影响各不相同,实证结果显示：在东部地区,普惠金融的发展扩大了城乡居民福利差距；在中部地区,普惠金融的发展缩小了城乡居民福利差距；在西部地区,普惠金融发展与城乡居民福利差异间不存在显著关系。最后在本文的主要结论、政策建议和展望中,提出了相关政策建议：统筹城乡发展,缩小城乡居民收入差距;大力推进中国普惠金融的区域化发展战略,在东、西部和中部地区实施有差别的金融政策；深化普惠性金融制度改革。
[Abstract]:As the core of modern economy, finance is the "source water" of economic development. The positive relationship between financial development and economic growth has been confirmed by domestic and foreign scholars. The international financial crisis, which broke out in.2008 years, is more important to the international community. In China, the country is committed to the country and the country. At the same time, our country still has a serious financial problem of two yuan. It is evident that the financial resources are to the city, the eastern economic developed areas are concentrated, the institutions and funds are evacuated from the rural areas, the western regions, the cities, the eastern region, the rural areas and the western regions, and the poor and other vulnerable groups are excluded. In addition to the financial system, this will inevitably lead to the two yuan economy in urban and rural areas. The gap between the rich and the poor and the widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents seriously restricts the economic and social development of our country. From the analysis of the relationship between financial development and economic development and the backward areas of financial development, the economic development is bound to lag behind, and it will inevitably affect the living standard of the people and finance two yuan. Through the reflection on the financial development dilemma and the urban-rural economic structure, this paper thinks that the financial development should benefit all the people and areas, let all the people with financial demand enjoy the financial services equally, and introduce the concept of Inclusive Finance in 2005, and study the financial services in 2005. The impact of Inclusive Financial Development on urban and rural residents in China.
Based on the theory of inclusive financial development, this paper puts forward the basic hypothesis that the development of Inclusive Finance can reduce the welfare gap between urban and rural residents. The basic research ideas of this article are as follows:
Based on the first chapter of this article, the research background and the related research at home and abroad, the second chapter is mainly to supplement the relevant research in this paper. It mainly summarizes the development process of Inclusive Finance and introduces the successful development model of Inclusive Finance at home and abroad, and finds that the generalized financial development model can be mutually exclusive between different countries. Draw lessons from.
The third chapter of this paper introduces the present situation of the development of Inclusive Finance in China. After comparing with the status quo of foreign Inclusive Finance, this paper mainly introduces the present situation of the development of Inclusive Finance in China, and analyses the deposit and loan of the financial institutions and financial institutions in the eastern, Central and western regions of our country through the data. Finally, the construction of the IF industry refers to the construction of the financial institutions. It calculates the development level of Inclusive Finance in various provinces in the East, central and Western China, and makes a comparative analysis.
In the fourth chapter, the index of urban and rural residents' welfare difference is constructed by the comprehensive index method, and the difference index of urban and rural residents in various provinces and cities in China is calculated. On this basis, through the fixed effect model and the random effect model of the panel, the paper empirically analyses the general financial development water in the national level, the eastern region, the central region and the western region. The empirical results show that the development of Inclusive Finance in China has indeed improved the welfare difference between urban and rural residents and narrowed the welfare gap between urban and rural residents, but the impact of the development of Inclusive Finance on the welfare difference between urban and rural residents is different. The welfare gap between urban and rural residents is bigger. In the central region, the development of Inclusive Finance has narrowed the gap between urban and rural residents' welfare. In the western region, there is no significant relationship between the development of Inclusive Finance and the welfare difference between urban and rural residents.
Finally, in the main conclusions, policy recommendations and prospects, the relevant policy suggestions are put forward: to coordinate urban and rural development, to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents; to vigorously promote the regional development strategy of China's inclusive finance, to carry out different financial policies in East, West and central areas, and to deepen the reform of the inclusive financial system.
【学位授予单位】：湖北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7;F832

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