中国农业利用FDI的生产率效应研究
发布时间：2018-07-28 11:34
【摘要】：2012年,中国农业实际利用外商直接投资(FDI)达到20.6亿美元,表明中国农业对跨国公司具有较强的吸引力。在农业吸引FDI的广阔前景下,2012年国务院出台的《全国现代农业发展规划(2011-2015年)》明确指出,要“加快农业技术引进消化吸收再创新步伐,加强农业科技领域国际合作。改善农业科研条件,调整优化农业科研布局,加强农业科研基地和重点实验室建设,完善农业科技创新体系和现代农业产业技术体系,启动实施农业科技创新能力建设工程”,以及“提高农业的对外开放水平,借助多双边和区域合作机制,加强农业科技交流合作,加大引资引智力度,提高农业利用外资水平,继续用好国外优惠贷款和赠款,加大先进适用技术、装备的引进、消化和吸收力度”。在此背景下,本文旨在深入研究农业领域利用FDI对东道国农业部门生产率的作用机制以及中国的现实表现问题。 然而,已有的关于FDI生产率效应的相关研究主要集中在制造业或服务业领域,而结合农业发展特点将研究视角置于农业领域的成果可谓寥若晨星。因此,本文关于农业FDI生产率效应的研究具有重要的理论意义：另一方面,中国农业技术水平较为滞后,与发达国家的差距仍然较大。特别是在农业生物技术、生物农药、大型农机、农产品质量检测仪器设备、兽药、农产品精深加工和储藏保鲜技术、配合饲料生产等方面的技术亟待提升。而跨国公司长期垄断着这些领域的核心技术,农业FDI进入东道国对于农业科技水平的提升效应到底如何,是一个值得深入研究的现实问题。全文的主要研究内容如下： 第一章,绪论。基于农业在国民经济中的重要地位,以及农业领域利用FDI的敏感性问题,提出本文研究的理论及实践意义、研究思路和主要方法,并对目前国内外相关研究的现状和不足进行述评。 第二章,相关理论基础。根据本文研究的核心内容,对相关的国际直接投资溢出理论、全要素生产率理论以及经济增长理论进行阐述。 第三章,中国农业利用FDI：现状考察。本章将FDI在农业部门的发展历程分为起步、稳步发展、快速发展和科学发展四个阶段,并对每个阶段的特点进行总结；通过农业与其他产业的对比(三次产业),分析中国农业利用FDI的规模变化；从FDI的来源国、农业内部部门(农、林、牧、渔业)以及国内地区差异(东、中、西)三个方面对中国农业利用FDI的结构现状进行分析；通过数据分析得到农业利用FDI的方式演变情况。 第四章,中国农业生产率测度：时空特征。考虑到各地区之间的差异性比较大,不宜设定统一的生产函数形式,本章选用基于非参数的DEA-Malmquist生产率指数法；在构造最佳的生产实践前沿时,为避免现有文献出现的大量技术退步现象,主要采用序列DEA而非传统的标准DEA方法；基于这一测度框架,可以得到各省份的Malmquist生产率指数(即TFP指数)；最后对中国农业生产率的总体时间趋势和省际差异两个方面的规律特征进行解析。 第五章,农业利用FDI与农业生产率：作用机制。基于现有的研究,从理论上分析农业利用FDI对自身生产率影响的作用机制,本章主要从四个方面展开,包括直接的技术转移效应,间接的“干中学”效应、技术溢出效应和研发国际化路径等；同时还对农业FDI可能存在的一些消极影响进行分析。 第六章,中国农业利用FDI与农业生产率：经验证据。本章通过构建合理可行的计量经济学模型,用以解释农业FDI对农业部门TFP、技术进步、技术效率、纯技术效率、规模效率的实际影响；进而采用中国31个省市区的面板数据,运用固定效应技术进行参数估计；为了考察中国农业利用FDI与生产率关系的一般规律及省际差异性,分别对全样本和分区域样本(东、中、西)进行估计,这样有助于得到更有经济学意义的丰富研究结论。 第七章,结论及政策建议。在前文分析的基础之上,本章提出如何通过农业FDI促进农业生产率的一些对策建议。比如充分利用现有的农业资源；加大农村教育投入,提高人力资本水平；增加研发投入,加大科研推广力度等。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the actual use of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China's agriculture reached 2 billion 60 million US dollars, indicating that Chinese agriculture has a strong attraction to transnational corporations. Under the broad prospect of attracting FDI in agriculture, the national modern agricultural development plan (2011-2015 years) issued by the State Council clearly pointed out that "accelerate the introduction of agricultural technology import and absorption and re absorption." We should improve the international cooperation in the field of agricultural science and technology, improve the agricultural scientific research conditions, adjust and optimize the layout of agricultural scientific research, strengthen the construction of agricultural scientific research bases and key laboratories, improve the innovation system of agricultural science and technology and the modern agricultural industrial technology system, start and implement the construction of agricultural scientific and technological innovation capacity, and "improve the agriculture" Outside the open level, with the aid of multi bilateral and regional cooperation mechanisms, strengthening exchanges and cooperation in agricultural science and technology, increasing investment in attracting foreign investment, improving the level of agricultural utilization of foreign capital, continuing to use preferential loans and grants from foreign countries, increasing advanced application technology, introducing equipment, digestion and absorbability. This paper aims to study the field of agriculture in this context. The role of FDI in the productivity of the host country's agriculture sector and the reality of China's performance are discussed.
However, the related research on the productivity effect of FDI is mainly concentrated in the field of manufacturing or service industry, and the results of putting the research perspective in the field of agriculture combined with the characteristics of agricultural development are very few. Therefore, the research on the productivity effect of agricultural FDI has important theoretical significance: on the other hand, agricultural technology in China. The level is lagging behind, the gap with the developed countries is still larger, especially in agricultural biotechnology, biological pesticide, large agricultural machinery, agricultural products quality inspection instrument and equipment, veterinary medicine, intensive processing and storage technology of agricultural products, and the production of feed and so on. And the core of multinational corporations has monopolized the core of these fields for a long time. The main research content of the full text is as follows: technology, how the agricultural FDI has entered the host country to improve the level of agricultural science and technology.
The first chapter, introduction. Based on the important status of agriculture in the national economy and the sensitivity of the use of FDI in the agricultural field, the theoretical and practical significance of this study, the research ideas and the main methods are put forward, and the current status and shortcomings of related research at home and abroad are reviewed.
The second chapter, based on the core content of this study, expounds the related theory of international direct investment spillover, the theory of total factor productivity and the theory of economic growth.
The third chapter, China's agricultural utilization of FDI: present situation investigation. This chapter divides the development process of FDI in the agricultural sector into starting, steady development, rapid development and scientific development in four stages, and summarizes the characteristics of each stage; through the comparison between agriculture and other industries (three production), the scale changes of agricultural use of FDI in China are analyzed; from FDI The source countries, the agricultural internal departments (agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries) and the domestic regional differences (East, middle, West) three aspects of the structure of China's agricultural use of FDI analysis, through data analysis to get the way the development of agricultural use of FDI.
The fourth chapter, the measurement of agricultural productivity in China: time and space characteristics. Considering the large difference between different regions, it is not suitable to set a unified production function form. This chapter selects the DEA-Malmquist productivity index method based on non parameter. In the construction of the best production practice front, to avoid a large number of technical backstepping in the existing literature. This paper mainly adopts the sequence DEA instead of the traditional standard DEA method. Based on this framework, the Malmquist productivity index (TFP index) of various provinces can be obtained. Finally, the rule characteristics of the two aspects of the overall time trend and inter provincial difference in the agricultural productivity of China are analyzed.
The fifth chapter, agricultural utilization of FDI and agricultural productivity: the mechanism of action. Based on the existing research, this chapter theoretically analyzes the effect mechanism of agricultural use of FDI on its own productivity. This chapter mainly starts from four aspects, including direct technology transfer effect, indirect "secondary school" effect, technology spillover effect and R & D internationalization path, etc. At the same time, it also analyzes some possible negative effects of agricultural FDI.
The sixth chapter, China's agricultural utilization of FDI and agricultural productivity: empirical evidence. By constructing a reasonable and feasible econometric model, this chapter explains the actual impact of agricultural FDI on agricultural sector TFP, technological progress, technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency; and then uses the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China to use the fixed effect. In order to investigate the general rules and inter provincial differences in the relationship between FDI and productivity in China's agricultural use, the total sample and subregional samples (East, middle and West) are estimated respectively, which will help to get more economic research conclusions.
The seventh chapter, conclusion and policy recommendations. On the basis of the previous analysis, this chapter puts forward some suggestions on how to promote agricultural productivity through agricultural FDI, such as making full use of the existing agricultural resources, increasing the investment in rural education, raising the level of human capital, increasing the investment in R & D, and increasing the efforts of scientific research and so on.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F323
本文编号：2150003
[Abstract]:In 2012, the actual use of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China's agriculture reached 2 billion 60 million US dollars, indicating that Chinese agriculture has a strong attraction to transnational corporations. Under the broad prospect of attracting FDI in agriculture, the national modern agricultural development plan (2011-2015 years) issued by the State Council clearly pointed out that "accelerate the introduction of agricultural technology import and absorption and re absorption." We should improve the international cooperation in the field of agricultural science and technology, improve the agricultural scientific research conditions, adjust and optimize the layout of agricultural scientific research, strengthen the construction of agricultural scientific research bases and key laboratories, improve the innovation system of agricultural science and technology and the modern agricultural industrial technology system, start and implement the construction of agricultural scientific and technological innovation capacity, and "improve the agriculture" Outside the open level, with the aid of multi bilateral and regional cooperation mechanisms, strengthening exchanges and cooperation in agricultural science and technology, increasing investment in attracting foreign investment, improving the level of agricultural utilization of foreign capital, continuing to use preferential loans and grants from foreign countries, increasing advanced application technology, introducing equipment, digestion and absorbability. This paper aims to study the field of agriculture in this context. The role of FDI in the productivity of the host country's agriculture sector and the reality of China's performance are discussed.
However, the related research on the productivity effect of FDI is mainly concentrated in the field of manufacturing or service industry, and the results of putting the research perspective in the field of agriculture combined with the characteristics of agricultural development are very few. Therefore, the research on the productivity effect of agricultural FDI has important theoretical significance: on the other hand, agricultural technology in China. The level is lagging behind, the gap with the developed countries is still larger, especially in agricultural biotechnology, biological pesticide, large agricultural machinery, agricultural products quality inspection instrument and equipment, veterinary medicine, intensive processing and storage technology of agricultural products, and the production of feed and so on. And the core of multinational corporations has monopolized the core of these fields for a long time. The main research content of the full text is as follows: technology, how the agricultural FDI has entered the host country to improve the level of agricultural science and technology.
The first chapter, introduction. Based on the important status of agriculture in the national economy and the sensitivity of the use of FDI in the agricultural field, the theoretical and practical significance of this study, the research ideas and the main methods are put forward, and the current status and shortcomings of related research at home and abroad are reviewed.
The second chapter, based on the core content of this study, expounds the related theory of international direct investment spillover, the theory of total factor productivity and the theory of economic growth.
The third chapter, China's agricultural utilization of FDI: present situation investigation. This chapter divides the development process of FDI in the agricultural sector into starting, steady development, rapid development and scientific development in four stages, and summarizes the characteristics of each stage; through the comparison between agriculture and other industries (three production), the scale changes of agricultural use of FDI in China are analyzed; from FDI The source countries, the agricultural internal departments (agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries) and the domestic regional differences (East, middle, West) three aspects of the structure of China's agricultural use of FDI analysis, through data analysis to get the way the development of agricultural use of FDI.
The fourth chapter, the measurement of agricultural productivity in China: time and space characteristics. Considering the large difference between different regions, it is not suitable to set a unified production function form. This chapter selects the DEA-Malmquist productivity index method based on non parameter. In the construction of the best production practice front, to avoid a large number of technical backstepping in the existing literature. This paper mainly adopts the sequence DEA instead of the traditional standard DEA method. Based on this framework, the Malmquist productivity index (TFP index) of various provinces can be obtained. Finally, the rule characteristics of the two aspects of the overall time trend and inter provincial difference in the agricultural productivity of China are analyzed.
The fifth chapter, agricultural utilization of FDI and agricultural productivity: the mechanism of action. Based on the existing research, this chapter theoretically analyzes the effect mechanism of agricultural use of FDI on its own productivity. This chapter mainly starts from four aspects, including direct technology transfer effect, indirect "secondary school" effect, technology spillover effect and R & D internationalization path, etc. At the same time, it also analyzes some possible negative effects of agricultural FDI.
The sixth chapter, China's agricultural utilization of FDI and agricultural productivity: empirical evidence. By constructing a reasonable and feasible econometric model, this chapter explains the actual impact of agricultural FDI on agricultural sector TFP, technological progress, technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency; and then uses the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China to use the fixed effect. In order to investigate the general rules and inter provincial differences in the relationship between FDI and productivity in China's agricultural use, the total sample and subregional samples (East, middle and West) are estimated respectively, which will help to get more economic research conclusions.
The seventh chapter, conclusion and policy recommendations. On the basis of the previous analysis, this chapter puts forward some suggestions on how to promote agricultural productivity through agricultural FDI, such as making full use of the existing agricultural resources, increasing the investment in rural education, raising the level of human capital, increasing the investment in R & D, and increasing the efforts of scientific research and so on.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F323
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