FDI、对外贸易的临城产业集聚效应研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 19:25

【摘要】：产业集聚是经济活动在全球范围不均衡分布的一个突出特征,是世界各国生产力形成和发展的普遍规律。结合中国产业布局特点,引导港城产业集聚是培育沿海地区经济发展新“增长极”的最佳切入点和突破口,对港口城市产业结构调整和国家海洋经济发展战略实施起到重要的支撑带动功能。透视国内外港城产业发展的现状和趋势,引进外资、发展对外贸易、促进港城产业集聚日益成为港口城市“以港兴市、以市促港”的关键举措。但是,沿海各省(市)纷纷出台的海洋经济及产业发展规划具有明显的结构趋同倾向,存在过度竞争、资源浪费的巨大隐患。本文通过理论回顾,深入分析中国FDI、对外贸易发展及产业集聚的客观现实和相关研究,揭示FDI、对外贸易的港口产业集聚效应的作用机理;在此基础之上,从规模变化、地区差异、产业倾向三个方面进一步分析FDI、对外贸易与产业发展的现实特点;基于经典的产业集聚模型,以FDI和对外贸易为视角,构建本文的实证模型。文章将产业划分为食品加工、纺织服装、木材加工、石油化工、钢铁工业、装备制造、能源产业7个大类,利用沿海地区17个港口城市2000-2012年面板数据,采用动态GMM估计方法,实证了FDI、对外贸易的港城产业集聚效应;文章在对比分析实证结果的基础上,提出了促进FDI、对外贸易和港城产业集聚协调发展的相关政策建议。实证结果表明:(1)港城产业集聚具有较强的“路径依赖性”,当期集聚水平受上期影响显著。(2)FDI、对外贸易对不同类型产业集聚的影响不同:FDI对港城食品加工业、石油化工业、装备制造业集聚具有显著的正向影响,而对纺织服装业、钢铁工业集聚具有显著的负向影响;对外贸易对港城石油化工业、装备制造业集聚有显著的促进作用,而对食品加工业、钢铁工业、能源产业集聚有抑制作用。(3)FDI和对外贸易在促进港城食品加工业、能源产业集聚中具有显著的互补作用,而在影响木材加工业集聚中具有显著的替代作用。
[Abstract]:Industrial agglomeration is a prominent feature of the uneven distribution of economic activities in the global scope and a universal law of the formation and development of productive forces in various countries of the world. According to the characteristics of China's industrial distribution, guiding the industrial agglomeration of port and city is the best entry point and breakthrough point for cultivating a new "growth pole" for the economic development of coastal areas. It plays an important supporting and driving function to the adjustment of industrial structure of port city and the implementation of national marine economic development strategy. In the light of the present situation and trend of the development of port and city industry at home and abroad, the introduction of foreign capital, the development of foreign trade, and the promotion of industrial agglomeration of port cities are increasingly becoming the key measures for port cities to "develop cities with ports and promote ports with cities". However, the marine economic and industrial development plans issued by coastal provinces (cities) one after another have obvious tendency of structural convergence, excessive competition and huge hidden danger of waste of resources. Based on the theoretical review, this paper deeply analyzes the objective reality and relevant research of FDI, foreign trade development and industrial agglomeration in China, and reveals the mechanism of the port industrial agglomeration effect of FDI and foreign trade. Based on the classical industrial agglomeration model, this paper constructs the empirical model from the perspective of FDI and foreign trade. The industry is divided into seven categories: food processing, textile and garment industry, wood processing, petrochemical industry, iron and steel industry, equipment manufacturing and energy industry. Using the panel data of 17 port cities in coastal areas from 2000 to 2012, the dynamic GMM estimation method is used. Based on the comparative analysis of the empirical results, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the coordinated development of FDI, foreign trade and industrial agglomeration. The empirical results show that: (1) the industrial agglomeration of port and city has a strong "path dependence", and the level of agglomeration in the current period is significantly affected by the previous period. (2) FDI, the foreign trade has different effects on different types of industrial agglomeration, and the effects of foreign trade on the food processing industry and petrochemical industry of port and city are different. The agglomeration of equipment manufacturing industry has a significant positive effect, while the agglomeration of iron and steel industry has a significant negative effect on textile and clothing industry, while foreign trade has a significant promoting effect on the petroleum and chemical industry of Hong Kong and city, and equipment manufacturing industry agglomeration. While the agglomeration of food processing industry, iron and steel industry and energy industry is inhibited. (3) FDI and foreign trade play a significant complementary role in promoting food processing industry and energy industry agglomeration in port and city. However, it plays an important role in influencing the agglomeration of wood processing industry.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F127;F752.8

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