中国上市商业银行竞争力实证研究
发布时间：2018-08-10 07:22
【摘要】：银行业处于金融体系的核心地位,在现代经济中扮演着越来越重要的角色。在后金融危机时代,世界经济金融格局发生了重大变革,全球银行业也发生了根本性的结构调整,并呈现出竞争激烈、风险加剧和创新加剧的发展趋势。自1994年我国启动银行商业化改革以来,银行业整体实力不断提升,资产质量大幅改善,盈利水平和抗风险能力不断加强。但是从整体而言,我国银行业的竞争力仍然较弱。未来中国银行业的发展可谓是“机遇与挑战并存,机会与风险同在”。在此背景之下,加快银行业经营模式和发展方式转型,扩大银行业的对外开放,继续强化和改进金融监管,从而不断提高商业银行的竞争力,将是“十二五”时期银行业改革与发展的主题。上市商业银行是我国商业银行体制改革的先行者,通过对其竞争力的剖析,能够为开拓提升我国商业银行体系竞争力的路径提供启示。因此,研究银行业的竞争力具有十分重要的理论与实践意义。 本文以企业竞争力理论为依据,综合考虑商业银行的特性,以竞争力形成机理为核心阐释了商业银行竞争力理论。在理论分析的基础上,以上市商业银行为分析对象,进行了实证研究。论文从经营管理能力、资产安全与稳定,流动性及可持续发展的角度出发,构建了商业银行竞争力综合评价指标体系,采用因子分析法测量了各类银行竞争力的差异性；并对其影响因素进行了经验检验；进而探寻了提升商业银行竞争力的途径。本文的研究得出了如下重要结论： (1)商业银行竞争力是维系其生存与持续发展的基础,是商业银行内部条件与外部环境相互作用的综合结果。商业银行竞争力模型显示出Y(竞争力)是Ei(外部环境因素,如宏观环境因素、行业环境因素等)与Xi(资源要素、能力要素)的函数,只有从两方面入手,才能全面提高商业银行的竞争力。 (2)从经营管理能力、资产安全与稳定,流动性及可持续发展的角度,构建了商业银行竞争力综合评价指标体系,对2012年16家上市商业银行的竞争力进行实证评估。因子分析的结果显示：就综合水平而言,国有控股商业银行强于股份制商业银行与城市商业银行；而就单项指标而言,如风险控制能力,国有控股商业银行弱于股份制商业银行。 (3)商业银行竞争力要受企业内部条件与外部环境的综合影响。实证检验显示：在微观因素方面,资产规模与商业银行竞争力呈同向相关关系,尤其会对国有控股银行产生重要影响,流动性比率与商业银行竞争力呈同向相关关系；资本充足率与商业银行竞争力呈反向相关关系。在中观因素方面,所有制属性会对商业银行竞争力产生影响,由此决定了国有控股银行的综合竞争力水平大多强于股份制银行与城市商业银行。在宏观因素方面,税收负担对商业银行竞争力具有显著的影响,尤其会对国有控股银行产生重要影响,税负过重会压缩商业银行盈利空间,导致竞争力水平下降。 (4)提升商业银行竞争力的基本途径在于营造良好的金融外部环境与优化商业银行内部环境。通过加快政府转型,培育金融市场机制,建立多层次的金融市场及银行体系,营造良好的金融外部环境。通过商业银行制度创新,优化公司治理结构,强化市场营销战略,再造组织结构,提升管理水平；通过制度创新,努力提升风险管控能力、盈利能力、创新能力,以达到提高商业银行竞争力的目的。
[Abstract]:The banking industry is the core of the financial system and plays a more and more important role in the modern economy. In the post financial crisis era, the world economic and financial structure has undergone major changes. The global banking industry has also undergone fundamental structural adjustment, showing a trend of fierce competition, intensification of risk and intensification of innovation. Since 1994, I have shown a trend of development. Since the commercial reform of the bank has been launched, the overall strength of the banking industry has been continuously improved, the quality of the assets has been greatly improved, the level of profitability and the ability to resist risk have been strengthened continuously. However, the competitiveness of the banking industry in China is still weak. Under the view, speeding up the transformation of the banking business model and development mode, expanding the opening of the banking industry, continuing to strengthen and improving the financial supervision and improving the competitiveness of the commercial banks will be the theme of the reform and development of the banking industry in the "12th Five-Year" period. The listed commercial bank is the pioneer of the reform of the commercial bank system in China. The analysis of its competitiveness can provide inspiration for developing the way to enhance the competitiveness of China's commercial banks. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the competitiveness of the banking industry.
This paper, based on the theory of enterprise competitiveness, comprehensively considers the characteristics of commercial banks and explains the competitiveness theory of commercial banks at the core. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, the paper takes the listed commercial banks as the analysis object and carries out an empirical study. The thesis is from the management ability, the security and stability of the assets, the liquidity and the availability. From the point of view of continued development, the comprehensive evaluation index system of commercial banks' competitiveness is constructed, the difference of the competitiveness of all kinds of banks is measured by factor analysis, and the empirical test of its influencing factors is carried out, and then the ways to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks are explored. The following conclusions are drawn as follows:
(1) the competitiveness of commercial banks is the basis for maintaining their survival and sustainable development. It is the comprehensive result of the interaction between the internal conditions of commercial banks and the external environment. The competitiveness model of commercial banks shows that the Y (competitiveness) is the function of Ei (external environmental factors, such as macro environmental factors, industry environmental factors, etc.) and Xi (resource elements, capacity factors), Only from two aspects can we improve the competitiveness of commercial banks in an all-round way.
(2) from the perspective of management ability, asset safety and stability, liquidity and sustainable development, the comprehensive evaluation index system of commercial banks' competitiveness is constructed, and the competitiveness of 16 listed commercial banks in 2012 is empirically evaluated. The result of factor analysis shows that, as far as the comprehensive level is concerned, the state-owned holding commercial banks are stronger than the joint-stock merchants. Industrial banks and urban commercial banks; and in terms of individual indicators, such as risk control capability, state-controlled commercial banks are weaker than joint-stock commercial banks.
(3) the competitiveness of commercial banks should be influenced by the comprehensive influence of the internal conditions and the external environment of the enterprise. The empirical test shows that in the micro factor, the scale of the assets has the same relationship with the competitiveness of the commercial banks, especially the important influence on the state-owned holding banks, and the liquidity ratio has the same relationship with the competitiveness of the commercial banks; There is a reverse correlation between the adequacy ratio and the competitiveness of commercial banks. In terms of medium factors, ownership will have an impact on the competitiveness of commercial banks, which determines that the level of the comprehensive competitiveness of the state-owned holding banks is most stronger than that of the joint-stock banks and the urban commercial banks. It has a significant impact, especially on state-owned holding banks. Overweight taxation will reduce the profit margin of commercial banks, leading to a decline in competitiveness.
(4) the basic way to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks is to create a good financial external environment and optimize the internal environment of commercial banks. By speeding up the transformation of the government, fostering the financial market mechanism, establishing a multi-level financial market and banking system, creating a good external financial environment, and optimizing the corporate governance through the innovation of the commercial bank system. Structure, strengthen the marketing strategy, rebuild the organization structure, improve the management level. Through the system innovation, we strive to improve the ability of risk management, profit and innovation, in order to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F271;F832.33
本文编号：2175364
[Abstract]:The banking industry is the core of the financial system and plays a more and more important role in the modern economy. In the post financial crisis era, the world economic and financial structure has undergone major changes. The global banking industry has also undergone fundamental structural adjustment, showing a trend of fierce competition, intensification of risk and intensification of innovation. Since 1994, I have shown a trend of development. Since the commercial reform of the bank has been launched, the overall strength of the banking industry has been continuously improved, the quality of the assets has been greatly improved, the level of profitability and the ability to resist risk have been strengthened continuously. However, the competitiveness of the banking industry in China is still weak. Under the view, speeding up the transformation of the banking business model and development mode, expanding the opening of the banking industry, continuing to strengthen and improving the financial supervision and improving the competitiveness of the commercial banks will be the theme of the reform and development of the banking industry in the "12th Five-Year" period. The listed commercial bank is the pioneer of the reform of the commercial bank system in China. The analysis of its competitiveness can provide inspiration for developing the way to enhance the competitiveness of China's commercial banks. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the competitiveness of the banking industry.
This paper, based on the theory of enterprise competitiveness, comprehensively considers the characteristics of commercial banks and explains the competitiveness theory of commercial banks at the core. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, the paper takes the listed commercial banks as the analysis object and carries out an empirical study. The thesis is from the management ability, the security and stability of the assets, the liquidity and the availability. From the point of view of continued development, the comprehensive evaluation index system of commercial banks' competitiveness is constructed, the difference of the competitiveness of all kinds of banks is measured by factor analysis, and the empirical test of its influencing factors is carried out, and then the ways to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks are explored. The following conclusions are drawn as follows:
(1) the competitiveness of commercial banks is the basis for maintaining their survival and sustainable development. It is the comprehensive result of the interaction between the internal conditions of commercial banks and the external environment. The competitiveness model of commercial banks shows that the Y (competitiveness) is the function of Ei (external environmental factors, such as macro environmental factors, industry environmental factors, etc.) and Xi (resource elements, capacity factors), Only from two aspects can we improve the competitiveness of commercial banks in an all-round way.
(2) from the perspective of management ability, asset safety and stability, liquidity and sustainable development, the comprehensive evaluation index system of commercial banks' competitiveness is constructed, and the competitiveness of 16 listed commercial banks in 2012 is empirically evaluated. The result of factor analysis shows that, as far as the comprehensive level is concerned, the state-owned holding commercial banks are stronger than the joint-stock merchants. Industrial banks and urban commercial banks; and in terms of individual indicators, such as risk control capability, state-controlled commercial banks are weaker than joint-stock commercial banks.
(3) the competitiveness of commercial banks should be influenced by the comprehensive influence of the internal conditions and the external environment of the enterprise. The empirical test shows that in the micro factor, the scale of the assets has the same relationship with the competitiveness of the commercial banks, especially the important influence on the state-owned holding banks, and the liquidity ratio has the same relationship with the competitiveness of the commercial banks; There is a reverse correlation between the adequacy ratio and the competitiveness of commercial banks. In terms of medium factors, ownership will have an impact on the competitiveness of commercial banks, which determines that the level of the comprehensive competitiveness of the state-owned holding banks is most stronger than that of the joint-stock banks and the urban commercial banks. It has a significant impact, especially on state-owned holding banks. Overweight taxation will reduce the profit margin of commercial banks, leading to a decline in competitiveness.
(4) the basic way to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks is to create a good financial external environment and optimize the internal environment of commercial banks. By speeding up the transformation of the government, fostering the financial market mechanism, establishing a multi-level financial market and banking system, creating a good external financial environment, and optimizing the corporate governance through the innovation of the commercial bank system. Structure, strengthen the marketing strategy, rebuild the organization structure, improve the management level. Through the system innovation, we strive to improve the ability of risk management, profit and innovation, in order to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F271;F832.33
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前9条
1 贺晓波;佘姗;;基于因子分析的我国上市银行竞争力评价[J];价格月刊;2011年02期
2 韩松;姜鹏;;中国商业银行竞争力及影响因素分析:2002—2009年[J];经济理论与经济管理;2011年07期
3 李振静;鲁登荣;;基于因子分析法的2009年上市银行竞争力分析[J];金融经济;2010年10期
4 杨华;;商业银行营业网点竞争力影响因素研究[J];金融理论与实践;2010年07期
5 杨家才;;商业银行竞争力及其评价研究[J];金融研究;2008年12期
6 程惠芳;姚遥;;江浙沪城市商业银行竞争力及其影响因素分析[J];经济地理;2013年07期
7 蓝海林;核心专长的分析和确认[J];企业管理;2000年03期
8 陈红平,吕 强;试论我国商业银行竞争力的影响因素及改进对策[J];广东商学院学报;2002年01期
9 余敏;冯丽;;基于因子分析法的股份制商业银行竞争力研究[J];武汉金融;2010年03期
，本文编号：2175364
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/guojijinrong/2175364.html
