论人民币升值对加工贸易转型升级的影响及对策——基于广东省的实证分析

发布时间：2019-01-20 09:24

【摘要】：自2005年汇改以来,人民币实际有效汇率已提高了30%。人民币汇率升值有利有弊。但是,对于以加工贸易为主要对外贸易形式的经济体来说则弊大于利。人民币升值背景下加工贸易转型升级的对策: 在国家层面上,加强战略规划和产业政策引导,制定加工贸易转型升级中长期规划; 在全国"一盘棋"的基础上实施差别化管理; 加强加工贸易政策调整; 加大财税政策改革; 加快双向转移升级。在省区层面上,勇于先行先试,保持领先优势,围绕加工贸易产业结构调整消化人民币升值带来的不利影响; 实现加工贸易产业梯度转移; 开展具有"自由贸易区"功能特征的特殊区域试点; 加大对加工贸易转型升级"试点城市"的扶持力度; 加大对加工贸易企业的融资支持力度。在企业层面上,主动作为、加快转型,企业应当转变经营机制,增强技术创新和产品研发能力,力争向产业链高端发展; 调整市场经营策略,采用灵活的价格、结算策略,以达到降低成本,提高利润的目的; 选择金融衍生产品规避人民币汇率升值带来的风险; 对实力雄厚的加工贸易企业要敢于走出国门,进行海外收购。
[Abstract]:Since the exchange rate reform in 2005, the real effective exchange rate of the RMB has increased by 30. 5%. RMB exchange rate appreciation has both advantages and disadvantages. However, for the processing trade as the main form of foreign trade economies are more harmful than good. The countermeasures of processing trade transformation and upgrading under the background of RMB appreciation are as follows: at the national level, strengthen strategic planning and industrial policy guidance, and formulate medium- and long-term plans for the transformation and upgrading of processing trade; On the basis of "one game of chess", we should implement differential management; strengthen the adjustment of processing trade policy; increase the reform of fiscal and taxation policy; and speed up the two-way transfer and upgrading. At the provincial and regional level, we should try first, maintain the leading advantage, adjust the industrial structure of processing trade, digest the adverse effects of RMB appreciation, and realize the gradient transfer of processing trade industry. To carry out special regional pilot projects with the function of "free trade area", to increase the support for the transformation and upgrading of processing trade "pilot cities", and to increase the financing support for processing trade enterprises. At the enterprise level, we should take the initiative to speed up the transformation, the enterprise should change the management mechanism, strengthen the technological innovation and product research and development ability, strive to the high-end development of the industrial chain; Adjusting market management strategy, adopting flexible price and settlement strategy to reduce cost and increase profit, choosing financial derivatives to avoid the risk of RMB exchange rate appreciation; Strong processing trade enterprises to dare to go abroad, overseas acquisitions.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学;
【分类号】：F832.6;F752.68

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