高技术产品出口对我国工业的拉动作用及外溢效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 16:08

本文关键词：高技术产品出口对我国工业的拉动作用及外溢效应研究　出处：《东北财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工业和高技术产业在我国国民经济中具有十分重要的地位。研究高技术产品出口对工业的拉动作用及外溢效应有利于促进我国工业和高技术产业的健康可持续发展。本文首先从我国工业及高技术产业发展格局及出口现状入手,分析了我国工业及其出口部门和高技术产业及其出口部门的发展趋势：目前我国工业和高技术产业保持着较稳健的发展态势,但是工业出口增长速度和高技术产业出口增长速度都呈现出减缓趋势。本文采用了理论分析与实证研究相结合的研究方法。在理论分析方面,将高技术产品出口与工业经济增长关系还原到出口贸易与经济增长的关系,对出口贸易与经济增长的相关理论进行归纳总结。从直接机制和间接机制的角度分析了高技术产品出口与工业经济增长之间的关系。在实证分析方面,将Feder经典两部门模型拓展为由工业中高技术产品出口部门、工业中非高技术产品出口部门和工业中非出口部门组成的三部门模型。通过对我国2007-2012年省际面板数据进行回归估计分析我国高技术产品出口对工业的拉动作用和外溢效应。文章共分为五章：第一章阐述了本文的研究背景及研究意义,对国内外相关文献进行综述,介绍了论文的研究方法和文章整体框架结构,最后提出了本文的创新点和不足点。第二章从直接和间接两个角度系统阐述并归纳了高技术产品出口与工业经济发展关系的理论基础。第三章是实证部分,首先构建分别反映我国高技术产品出口对工业拉动作用和外溢效应的两个模型,通过对两个模型在全国层面和东中西部地区层面进行回归估计得出相应实证结论。第四章对实证结果进行原因分析并提出相应的政策建议。第五章对全文进行了系统的总结,得出了论文的结论。本文通过理论基础的分析的出以下结论：出口通过比较优势、闲置资源、技术进步、制度创新以及规模经济等机制促进经济增长。但是由于我国存在高技术产品出口不具备比较优势、研发力度不够等现状,因此对工业经济的促进作用可能不明显。本文通过实证分析主要取得以下研究结论：(1)在全国层面,高技术产品出口对工业经济增长具有负效应。在区域层面,高技术产品出口对工业经济增长在我国东部地区和中部地区不具有明显的影响,在西部地区具有显著的负效应。(2)在全国层面,高技术产品出口对工业的外溢效应是存在的,但是效应较弱。在区域层面,高技术产品出口对工业的外溢效应在我国东部地区和中部地区不存在,在西部地区外溢效应是显著存在的。(3)我国工业出口部门对工业经济的拉动作用几乎全部来自于工业非高技术产业出口部门,工业中高技术产品出口部门对工业的拉动作用几乎不存在甚至为负。工业中高技术产品出口部门对工业的外溢效应明显低于工业中非高技术产品出口部门对工业的外溢效应。我国高技术产品出口对工业经济增长具有负效应的原因分析结果如下：(1)我国高技术产业要素资源利用率低下,技术成果市场化产业化能力较弱。(2)高技术产业出口产品技术含量低,在国际市场上缺乏竞争力(3)高技术产品出口中加工贸易所占比重过大。一方面我国高技术产业在国际分工中地位较低,出口产品利润附加值低,经济效益差。另一方面导致了进口漏出效应,我国高技术产品出口对经济的拉动作用被大大高估。(4)税收优惠政策使要素流动带来全要素生产率的提高难以弥补传统工业要素相对价格上涨导致成本上升带来的损失,进而对传统工业的增长产生了负效应。我国高技术产品出口对工业具有正的外溢效应,但外溢效应较弱的原因分析结果如下：(1)无论是直接引进的还是通过在国际市场竞争中学习到的先进的生产技术、营销策略和管理经验,通过示范效应和传染效应逐渐扩散到国内工业非出口部门,正的技术溢出效应因此而产生。(2)外资企业在我国高技术产业部门中占据指导地位。一方面外资企业带来先进技术和管理经验产生正的外溢效应,另一方面,外资企业和国内企业形成激烈的竞争格局引起负的外溢效应。负的外溢效应一定程度上抵消了正的外溢效应,这一定程度上揭示了高技术产品出口的外溢弱效应。本文针对实证结果的原因分析对高技术产业出口提出了几点建议：(1)深化科技创新管理体制改革。(2)通过加大我国高新技术研发力度和对高技术产品贸易方式实施差别化战略提高我国高技术产品的国际竞争力。(3)调整高技术产品出口部门的引进外资结构。
[Abstract]:Industry and high technology industry has a very important position in our national economy. The export of high-tech products is conducive to promoting China's industrial and high technology industry healthy and sustainable development of the industry pulling effect and spillover effect. This paper from China's industrial and high-tech industry development pattern and export status quo analysis the development trend of China's industrial and export sectors and high technology industry and the export sector: at present our country industry and high technology industry maintained a more stable development trend, but the export growth rate of industrial growth and high technology industry export speed showing slowing trend.
This paper uses the research method of combination of theoretical analysis and empirical research. In the theoretical analysis, the relationship between the reduction of exports and industrial economic growth of high-tech products to the relationship between export trade and economic growth, the theory of export trade and economic growth are summarized. From the direct andindirect mechanisms perspective to analyze the relationship between the export of high technology products and industrial economic growth. In the empirical analysis, the classic Feder two sector model development from high technology products industry in the export sector, the three sector is composed of non high tech products export sector and industry in the non export sector model industry. Through regression analysis of China's export of high-tech products the pulling effect of industry and the spillover effect. The panel data of China 2007-2012
The article is divided into five chapters: the first chapter expounds the research background and significance, the domestic and foreign literature review, introduces the overall framework of the thesis and research methods, finally put forward the innovation and shortcomings of this article. The second chapter from the two aspects of direct and indirect system are summarized the theoretical basis of high tech products export and industrial economic development. The third chapter is the empirical part, firstly reflect on industrial pulling effect and the spillover effect of the two model of China's export of high-tech products, based on the two models estimated the corresponding empirical conclusions at the level of the national level and the eastern and western regions. The fourth chapter the analysis of the reasons of the empirical results and put forward corresponding policy recommendations. The fifth chapter has carried on the system summary to the full text, draw the conclusion of the thesis.
The following conclusions in this paper through the analysis of the theoretical basis of the export through the comparative advantage of idle resources, technological progress, institutional innovation and scale economic mechanism to promote economic growth. But in our country because of the export of high technology products do not have a comparative advantage, not enough research and development efforts of the industrial economy effect may not be obvious.
This paper has the following conclusions through empirical analysis: (1) at the national level, the export of high technology products has a negative effect on industrial economic growth. At the regional level, the high-tech product exports to industrial economic growth has obvious influence in the eastern region and the central region of China, has a significant negative effect in the western region. (2) at the national level, the export of high technology products there is a spillover effect in industry, but the effect is weak. At the regional level, the export of high-tech products industry spillover effect does not exist in the eastern region and the central region of China, in the western region spillover effect is significant. (3) the stimulating effect in the industrial export sector of the industrial economy is almost entirely from non industrial high-tech industry export sector, high-tech industrial products in the export sector to stimulate industry almost does not exist is very negative. The spillover effect of the export sector of high technology products on industry is obviously lower than the spillover effect of the export sector of non high technology products on industry.
The reason analysis result of China's export of high-tech products has a negative effect on the growth of industrial economy are as follows: (1) the low utilization rate of high-tech industry factor resources in our country, the market and technological achievements industrialization capability is weak. (2) the technological content of export products of high technology industry is low, the lack of competitiveness in the international market (3) processing high tech products export trade in the proportion is too large. On the one hand, China's high technology industry position in the international division of labor is low, profits of export products with low added value, poor economic benefit. On the other hand, led to the import leakage effect, stimulating effect of China's export of high-tech products to the economy is greatly overestimated. (4) preferential tax policies make the factor mobility brings the improvement of total factor productivity to make up for the traditional industrial relative factor prices led to losses caused by rising costs, then the traditional industrial growth has a negative effect in China. Technology exports have a positive spillover effect on the industry, but the result is as follows: the spillover effect is weak (1) either directly or through the introduction to learning in the international market competition in the advanced production technology, marketing strategy and management experience, through the demonstration effect and contagion effect gradually spread to the domestic industry Export Department of the technical spillover effect occurs. (2) foreign enterprises occupy the guiding position in China's high-tech industry. On the one hand, foreign enterprises bring advanced technology and management experience have positive spillover effect, on the other hand, foreign enterprises and domestic enterprises formed fierce competition caused negative spillover effects. The negative spillover effects to some extent offset the positive spillover effect, which reveals a certain extent the spillover effect of weak exports of high-tech products.
In this paper, according to the empirical results of the analysis of the reasons on the export of high technology industry and puts forward some suggestions: (1) to deepen the reform of science and technology innovation management system. (2) through the increase of China's high-tech research and development efforts and the implementation of the differentiation strategy of trade of high technology products to improve the international competitiveness of China's high-tech products. (3) introduction the capital structure adjustment of export of high technology products sector.

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.62;F424

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