中国制造业进口资本品的质量及其技术溢出效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 10:19

本文关键词：中国制造业进口资本品的质量及其技术溢出效应研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的不断加深,在新的国际产业和贸易格局下,经济的持续增长和制造业国际竞争力的提高,必须依靠技术进步的推动。在开放经济环境下发展中国家进口高质量的资本品能快速有效地提高国内机械设备的装备水平,进而影响产业结构,提高劳动生产率,产生显著的技术溢出效应。相关研究对质量提升型技术进步和资本品技术溢出效应的关注较少,随着近年来资本品进口规模逐渐扩大,研究进口资本品质量以及对国内制造业技术进步的作用对于进一步优化中国的贸易结构、实现制造业技术升级具有重要意义。本文首先梳理了进口贸易技术溢出的经典理论及模型,进而分析进口资本品技术溢出效应的作用方式及影响因素。实证分析部分,本文选择美国、德国和日本这三个中国进口资本品最主要来源国作为研究对象。先使用嵌套Logit模型,结合2000年至2013年的贸易数据计算出中国从美、德、日三国进口资本品的产品质量指数。在此基础上,本文使用面板数据和固定效应方法实证检验进口资本品技术溢出效应,并引入国内研发投入、行业利润率、人力资本、贸易开放度等控制变量。实证结果显示,中国从美、德、日三国进口资本品的整体质量较高且基本处于增长趋势。从美国进口资本品质量相对最高,各国家高质量资本品分布行业不同。其中,美国电子及通信设备制造业、专用设备制造业、交通运输设备制造业三个行业的资本品质量较高,德国交通运输设备制造业和专用设备制造业的资本品质量较高,日本的专用设备制造业、通用设备制造业的资本品质量较高。中国从美、德、日三国进口资本品的产品质量对于全要素生产率有显著的促进作用,进口美国资本品的技术溢出效果最强,德国次之,日本相对较低。自主研发与行业利润率对全要素生产率产生显著正向作用,人力资本和贸易开放度的作用不明显。最后,本文总结研究结果,并提出相应的政策建议,主要包括:鼓励高质量资本品的进口贸易,落实推动进口贸易的相关政策。以及加强自身技术溢出的吸收能力,加大研发投入;提高人力资本水平,实现有效率的自主创新等。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization, under the new international industrial and trade pattern, the sustained growth of the economy and the improvement of the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry. It is necessary to rely on the promotion of technological progress. Under the open economic environment, developing countries can quickly and effectively improve the equipment level of domestic machinery and equipment by importing high-quality capital goods, thus affecting the industrial structure. To improve labor productivity and produce significant technology spillover effect. The related research on the quality improvement technology progress and capital goods technology spillover effect is less concerned with the capital goods import scale gradually expanded in recent years. To study the effect of the quality of imported capital goods and the technical progress of domestic manufacturing industry on the further optimization of China's trade structure. It is of great significance to realize the technological upgrading of manufacturing industry. Firstly, this paper combs the classical theory and model of technology spillover of import trade. Then analyzes the impact of technology spillover effect of imported capital goods and its influencing factors. Empirical analysis part, this paper chooses the United States. Germany and Japan, the three most important source countries of Chinese capital goods, were studied. First, the nested Logit model was used to calculate China's trade data from the United States and Germany from 2000 to 2013. On this basis, this paper uses panel data and fixed effect method to empirically test the technology spillover effect of imported capital goods, and introduce domestic R & D investment and industry profit margin. The empirical results show that the overall quality of capital goods imported from the United States, Germany and Japan is relatively high and basically in the trend of growth. The quality of capital goods imported from the United States is relatively highest. The distribution of high quality capital goods varies from country to country. Among them, the American electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry, the special equipment manufacturing industry and the transportation equipment manufacturing industry have higher capital goods quality. The quality of capital goods in transport equipment manufacturing and special equipment manufacturing in Germany is higher than that in special equipment manufacturing in Japan and in general equipment manufacturing. China is from the United States and Germany. The product quality of imported capital goods in Japan and Japan has a significant promoting effect on total factor productivity, and the technology spillover effect of imported capital goods from the United States is the strongest, followed by Germany. Japan is relatively low. Independent R & D and industry profit margins have a significant positive effect on total factor productivity, but the role of human capital and trade openness is not obvious. Finally, this paper summarizes the research results. And put forward the corresponding policy recommendations, including: to encourage the import of high-quality capital goods, to implement the relevant policies to promote import trade, and to strengthen their own technology spillover absorption capacity, increase R & D investment; Improve the level of human capital to achieve efficient independent innovation and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424;F752.61

【参考文献】