贸易协定对知识溢出影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 01:32

本文关键词：贸易协定对知识溢出影响的实证研究　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20纪90年代以来,经济区域化逐渐成为经济全球化的主导趋势,区域贸易协定(RTA)数量增速加快。近年来,越来越多的学者加入到对贸易协定的研究当中来,但现存的研究大多集中于贸易协定的静态效应,比如贸易创造和贸易转移,关于贸易协定的动态效应的研究只在少数文献中提及。贸易协议成为国家间社会关系动态改变的一项重要表征,其对世界贸易格局的改变以及进一步对知识溢出的影响越来越受到关注。本文主要对贸易协定对知识溢出的影响机制进行推测和验证。在前人研究的基础上,我们总结分析了贸易协定对知识溢出的影响机制,认为贸易协定通过国家间社会距离的改变来影响他们之间的知识溢出。我们利用社会网络分析方法来研究1991-2014年在世界贸易组织WTO登记的正在生效的贸易协定,并通过密度、中心性和核心边缘分析三个维度来界定每个国家在全球区域贸易协定网络中的位置。我们发现,由于贸易协定签订的热潮,世界区域贸易协定呈现出以欧盟、北美和新崛起的东亚地区三足鼎立的网络格局。在计量分析中,我们用专利的引用来追踪知识溢出的轨迹,利用1991-2002年60个国家的专利引用面板数据构建以一个引力模型。根据数据的特点,我们构建了零膨胀负二项模型,分两步对贸易协定对知识溢出的影响进行验证,研究结果表明：(1)在全球区域贸易协定网络中所处的协议强度越高的国家,他们之间的专利引用越高,也就是知识溢出效应越明显；(2)在美国专利商标局被授予专利数量越高的国家,越倾向于和其他国家之间进行专利引用,国家间的知识溢出效应越强。这两个结论从两个角度证明了国家本身知识创新的能力和国家在国际贸易网络中地位的高低,影响了其从知识溢出中获利的能力。此外,研究还发现,地理距离在一定程度上阻碍了知识在国家之间的溢出。
[Abstract]:Since 90s of the 20th century, economic regionalization has gradually become the dominant trend of economic globalization, and the number of regional trade agreements (RTAs) has increased rapidly in recent years. More and more scholars join in the study of trade agreements, but most of the existing studies focus on the static effects of trade agreements, such as trade creation and trade transfer. The research on the dynamic effects of trade agreements is only mentioned in a few literatures. Trade agreements have become an important symbol of the dynamic change of social relations between countries. More and more attention has been paid to the change of world trade pattern and the further influence on knowledge spillover. This paper mainly speculates and verifies the influence mechanism of trade agreement on knowledge spillover. On the basis of previous studies. We summarize and analyze the impact mechanism of trade agreements on knowledge spillover. It is believed that trade agreements affect knowledge spillover between countries through the change of social distance between them. We use the social network analysis method to study the positive registration of WTO in the World Trade Organization from 1991 to 2014. In force in a trade agreement. And through the density, centrality and core edge analysis of three dimensions to define each country in the global regional trade agreement network. World regional trade agreements (RTAs) show a three-pronged network pattern of EU, North America and emerging East Asia. In the econometric analysis, we use patent references to track the path of knowledge spillover. Based on the patent reference panel data of 60 countries from 1991 to 2002, a gravitational model is constructed. According to the characteristics of the data, we construct a zero expansion negative binomial model. In two steps to verify the impact of trade agreements on knowledge spillover, the results show that the higher the agreement intensity in the global regional trade agreement network, the higher the patent citation between them. That is, the more obvious the spillover effect of knowledge is; The higher the number of patents granted by the United States Patent Trademark Office, the more likely it is to make patent citations with other countries. These two conclusions prove the ability of knowledge innovation and the status of countries in the international trade network from two angles. In addition, it is found that geographical distance hinders the spillover of knowledge between countries to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F744;F746

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