中国基础设施对出口产品质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 22:20

本文关键词：中国基础设施对出口产品质量的影响研究　出处：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在经济全球化不断深入的背景下,我国各类经济活动参与国际市场的程度也在不断加深,2014年我国出口贸易总额高达2.34万亿美元,比1978年增长了约170倍,显然,出口规模得到了持续稳定地增长。伴随着出口规模不断扩张与生产力水平的提高,我国出口产品质量也得到了一定提升。与世界同等水平国家相比,我国出口产品的技术含量处于较为领先的地位,但与发达国家相比,却仍然存在较大差距。中国对外贸易发展的道路仍然十分艰巨,当务之急是要努力提升我国出口产品的质量,缩小同发达国家的差距。《2014年全球贸易促进报告》从市场准入、边境管理、基础设施和运营环境等方面对各国的贸易发展进行了评估。报告指出,基础设施薄弱,包括市场效率低下,手续繁杂,设备不完善等也会在一定程度上影响一国出口产品质量,进而影响一国贸易发展。由此可见,基础设施在提升出口产品质量的过程中扮演着重要的角色,因此,全面深入研究二者的关系有着非常重要的意义。本文首先对相关文献进行了梳理及评述。在此基础上,从理论分析的框架上对基础设施如何影响我国出口产品质量进行了详尽地分析。其次,运用技术水平调整后的产品单位价值指标来衡量出口产品质量,并对其进行了探索性空间数据分析。发现我国出口产品质量存在地理空间上的集群分布效应;大部分省(市)Moran'I散点散落在H-H和L-L两个象限内,出口产品质量呈现显著的空间自相关性。基于此,本文采用空间计量中的极大似然估计法,实证分析了2002-2008年中国31个省(市)的基础设施对出口产品质量的影响。研究结果表明:除了能源基础设施对出口产品质量的提升无明显影响,其它两大经济性基础设施(交通基础设施和信息基础设施)对各省(市)出口产品质量的提升均有较为显著的正向影响,且信息基础设施的影响程度较高。此外,科技研发、文化教育以及市场开放度等社会性基础设施的投入对各省(市)出口产品质量的提升均有显著的正向影响,且文化教育的影响程度较为明显。最后,提出了注重交通基础设施建设,降低物流成本;提高能源利用效率,优化能源结构;加强信息基础设施,有效利用信息资源;提高科研投入转化为实际生产力的效率;提高教育质量水平,提升智力资本;加速推进市场经济体制改革,优化投资环境;打破行政区划限制,协调区域发展等促进出口产品质量提升的若干政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization, the degree of China's various economic activities to participate in the international market is also deepening. In 2014, the total amount of China's export trade was as high as 2.34 tillion US dollars. This is an increase of about 170-fold since 1978, and it is clear that the scale of exports has continued to grow steadily, along with the constant expansion of export size and the improvement of productivity levels. Compared with the same level countries in the world, the technical content of our export products is in the leading position, but compared with the developed countries. However, there is still a big gap. The development of China's foreign trade is still very difficult, the urgent task is to improve the quality of China's export products. Closing the gap with developed countries. The 2014 Global Trade Promotion report assesses the development of trade among countries in terms of market access, border management, infrastructure and the operating environment, the report said. Weak infrastructure, including inefficient markets, complicated procedures, imperfect equipment and so on, will also affect the quality of a country's export products to a certain extent, and then affect the development of a country's trade. Infrastructure plays an important role in improving the quality of exports. Comprehensive and in-depth study of the relationship between the two has a very important significance. Firstly, this paper reviews the relevant literature. On this basis. From the theoretical analysis of the framework of infrastructure how to affect the quality of our export products are analyzed in detail. Secondly, the unit value of products adjusted by the technology level is used to measure the quality of export products. By analyzing the exploratory spatial data, it is found that the quality of China's export products has the effect of cluster distribution in geographical space. Most of the provinces (cities) are scattered in H-H and L-L quadrants, and the quality of export products shows significant spatial autocorrelation. In this paper, the maximum likelihood estimation method in spatial measurement is used. Empirical analysis of 31 provinces (cities) in China from 2002 to 2008; The impact of infrastructure on the quality of export products. The results show that except for energy infrastructure, there is no significant impact on the quality of export products. The other two major economic infrastructure (transport infrastructure and information infrastructure) have a significant positive impact on the quality improvement of export products of each province (city). In addition, the investment of social infrastructure, such as R & D, culture and education, and market openness, has a significant positive impact on the quality of export products of each province (city). And the influence of culture and education is obvious. Finally, the paper puts forward to pay attention to the construction of transportation infrastructure and reduce the logistics cost; Improving the efficiency of energy use and optimizing the energy structure; Strengthen the information infrastructure and make effective use of information resources; Improving the efficiency of transforming scientific research investment into actual productivity; Improving the quality of education and improving intellectual capital; Accelerating the reform of the market economy system and optimizing the investment environment; Some policy suggestions to improve the quality of export products, such as breaking the restriction of administrative divisions and coordinating regional development, are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.62;F283

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