中国装备制造业出口竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 18:37

本文关键词： 装备制造业出口竞争力因子分析技术创新　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2015年,国务院相继发布《中国制造2025》和《关于推进国际产能和装备制造合作的指导意见》,意见强调,只有不断加强中国制造业的国际竞争实力,才能把中国的综合实力、国家安全度、国际地位有效地提上来,才能实现中国的富强梦[1];这是适应于中国国情的"工业4.0计划",也是中国进行制造强国计划的第一步,争取在2025年实现中国制造业的国际竞争实力提升,迈入制造强国行列[2]。随着中国对外开放继续深入,国家在装备制造业方面提供政策扶持,装备制造业在技术创新方面的能力不断提升,自主研发、产品更新能力不断增强,出现了一批具有出口国际市场能力的企业[3]。像高铁、核电等装备制造业具有突出的技术与价格优势,能够满足国内市场的需求并迅速拓展国际市场。但中国大部分装备制造行业出口贸易出现利润下滑、产能过剩、出口结构不合理等问题。在把产品打入国际市场时,这些装备制造企业因出口竞争力薄弱、贸易壁垒以及政府政策引导不足等原因频频受挫。研究如何提升中国装备制造业出口竞争力,加入经济全球化进程,拓展经济的增长空间,保障我国在世界贸易组织中的权力的行使,有效地占据国际和国内市场,有效利用国内国外优势资源,这对加强公司的自主研发和技术创新能力,促进中国向高新技术装备制造业的转移具有重要意义。对我国的装备制造业的产业分布结构和出口布局进行优化管理,培养和增强中国装备制造企业核心产业优势和出口竞争力,为装备制造企业探讨出口路径、扩大对外贸易、进行国际化发展提供建议,为政府制定促进行业出口的财政政策与法律法规提出参考建议。本文收集了大量装备制造行业进出口贸易资料,从贸易的角度挑选了评价装备制造业出口竞争力的若干个指标,深入研究了中国装备制造业的历史进程、出口竞争优势,分析了国际形势日趋复杂、国内加大政策支持的环境下,中国装备制造业的出口贸易现状及其所面临的国际形势变化,分析了形成我国装备制造业出口竞争力现状的原因,并启示性地罗列出打造中国装备制造业出口竞争力优势方面的政策建议,主要结论如下:1.促进中国装备制造业产品在海外市场的布局,不仅可以使我国的进出口商品结构更合理,而且有助于推进国内装备制造业向高技术产业转型,这也对构建中国新型的国内外竞争格局有极大的推进意义。2.加入世界贸易组织后,中国的装备制造业进入国际市场的进程发展迅速,国际市场占有率大幅提高,出口贸易的能力显著提高,处于国际市场的竞争优势也逐渐提升。在当前国内外市场低迷时期,国内积极提倡"供给侧改革",深化海外市场布局;在国际市场上,企业把握"一路一带"政策时机,不断增强装备制造业产品出口竞争力,并取得了可观的成果。3.当前中国装备制造业产品在出口中存在贸易商品的附加值低、同质商品竞争过度、区位布局不合理、整体行业产品技术水平低、缺乏贸易保护相关政策支持等问题。4.政策建议方面,从完善中国装备制造业出口的政策扶持、充分发挥中国制造行业协会的作用、提升微观企业自身产业竞争实力几个方面提出解决中国装备制造业出口所面临困境的具体的政策建议和措施。
[Abstract]:In 2015, the State Council issued "guidance on China, manufacturing 2025> and < on promoting international capacity and equipment manufacturing cooperation opinions stressed only to strengthen Chinese manufacturing industry international competition, in order to China comprehensive strength, national security and international status has effectively raised, in order to achieve the dream of prosperity China [1] it is suitable for national conditions; Chinese" industrial 4 plan ", the first step is China manufacturing power plan, for a promotion in 2025 Chinese manufacturing industry international competition, entered the ranks of manufacturing power [2]. with China opening to continue in-depth, countries in the equipment manufacturing industry to provide policy support, improve the ability of equipment. The manufacturing industry in the technological innovation of the independent research and development, product update ability unceasingly strengthens, there have been a number of export to the international market capacity of the enterprise [3]. Like high-speed rail, nuclear power etc. The equipment manufacturing industry has outstanding technical and price advantage, to meet the needs of the domestic market and the rapid expansion of the international market. But most of the equipment manufacturing industry Chinese export trade profits decline, overcapacity, export structure is not reasonable. The products into the international market, the equipment manufacturing enterprises for export competitiveness is weak, trade barriers the government and the lack of policy guidance and other reasons. Frequently frustrated the research on how to improve the China equipment manufacturing export competitiveness, economic globalization, expand economic growth space, the exercise of protection of China's power in the world trade organization, effectively occupy the international and domestic market, the effective use of domestic and foreign resources, which is to strengthen the company's independent research and development and technological innovation ability, promote the China has important significance to the transfer of high-tech equipment manufacturing industry in our country. The structure of the industry and export layout of the equipment manufacturing industry to optimize the management, cultivate and enhance the core China equipment manufacturing industry and the export competitiveness of enterprises, to explore the export path for the equipment manufacturing enterprises, expand foreign trade, to provide suggestions for the internationalization development, promote the development of the financial industry export policies and laws and regulations to put forward suggestions for the government in this paper. A large collection of equipment manufacturing industry import and export trade data, from the perspective of international trade picked up some indexes of equipment manufacturing industry export competitiveness, in-depth study of the history of China equipment manufacturing industry, the export competitive advantage, analyses the international situation is becoming increasingly complex, domestic policy support environment, changes in the international situation, the current situation of export trade Chinese equipment manufacturing industry and its facing, analyzes the formation of China's equipment manufacturing export competitiveness is the original Because of, and lists the manufacturing export competitiveness advantage China equipment manufacturing policy enlightenment to Romania, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. Chinese promote the equipment manufacturing industry products in the layout of the overseas market, not only can make the structure of China's import and export commodities more reasonable, but also helps to promote the transformation of domestic equipment manufacturing industry to high technology industry this, but also on the construction of new Chinese competition at home and abroad are of great significance to promote the.2. accession to the world trade organization, Chinese equipment manufacturing industry to enter the international market in the process of rapid development, the international market share increase, the ability to export trade increased significantly in the international market competitive advantage has gradually improved in the current. The domestic and foreign market downturn, China actively advocates the "supply side reforms, deepen the layout of overseas market; in the international market, enterprises grasp" along the way "policy opportunity, continuously To enhance the export competitiveness of the equipment manufacturing industry products, and achieved considerable results.3. current China equipment manufacturing industry products in the export of value-added trade goods is low, commodity competition is excessive, the location layout is not reasonable, the technology level of the whole industry are low, the lack of trade protection policy support and other issues.4. policy recommendations, from perfect Chinese equipment manufacturing export policy support, give full play to the role of the association of China manufacturing industry, enhance the industrial competitiveness of micro enterprises themselves to solve several Chinese equipment manufacturing exports to the plight of specific policies and measures.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426;F752.62

【相似文献】