中国文化产品出口增长的二元边际研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 01:38

本文关键词： 文化产品贸易集约边际扩展边际文化距离扩展引力模型　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着世界经济的不断发展和各国经济文化交流的逐步深化,文化产品贸易已成为当前国际贸易的一种不可或缺的重要形式。近年来,中国的文化产品贸易规模增长迅速,2014年,我国文化产品贸易总规模高达549.28亿美元,其中,向世界出口的文化产品总额达483.39亿美元。文化产品贸易,已成为中国拉动经济增长的新引擎和国民经济的重要支柱,也被"十三五"规划纳入国家战略规划。在中国文化产品贸易中,出口占据着举足轻重的地位,因此,研究文化产品出口增长的二元边际及其决定因素,对我国经济增长和文化软实力增强都具有极为重要的现实意义。本文基于异质性企业贸易理论框架,选取2005-2014年的中国文化产品出口数据,分析了中国文化产品的出口特征,在此基础上对其二元边际进行测算,并利用扩展的引力模型实证检验其决定因素。本文的主要研究内容包括:首先,本文通过回顾国内外相关文献发现,Melitz(2003)首次提出的异质性企业贸易理论为研究一国贸易的二元边际奠定了坚实的理论基础,大量学者基于此对二元边际的相关问题展开了探究,但是关于中国文化产品出口增长的二元边际的研究甚少,因此,针对这一问题的研究仍有较大空间和价值。然后,本文分析了中国文化产品的出口特征并测算了其二元边际,通过收集和整理HS-6位数的产品层面数据,作者发现近年来中国文化产品的出口规模虽然增长迅速,但是贸易结构与贸易布局不尽合理,表现在文化产品的出口种类和出口市场过于集中,视觉艺术和手工艺类产品在文化产品总出口规模中的占比达40%,向美国和香港出口的文化产品总额约为出口总规模的一半。其次,本文采用了 Hummels和Klenow(2005)的方法测算出中国向世界及主要贸易伙伴国和地区出口文化产品的二元边际值,结果发现,中国文化产品的出口增长主要依靠集约边际的带动作用,即出口增长以量取胜,呈现出"粗放型"的增长模式,这种增长模式容易受到外部因素的影响。最后,本文利用扩展的引力模型实证检验了中国文化产品出口增长的二元边际的决定因素。本文对文化距离的量化采用了 Hofstede的文化维度理论,并利用随机效应模型进行经验研究,考察了双边经济规模、地理距离、文化距离、出口国文化产品生产率、汇率、固定贸易成本和外部冲击等因素对中国文化产品出口增长的二元边际的影响。研究结果表明:(1)双边文化距离对中国文化产品出口的集约边际存在负面影响,而对扩展边际无影响,即两国间文化距离的扩大对中国文化产品出口的量的扩张具有阻碍作用;(2)双边经济规模、地理距离、文化距离、汇率、外部冲击对集约边际存在显著影响,而双边经济规模、汇率、固定贸易成本对扩展边际存在显著影响。在此基础之上,本文针对性地提出了 "提升文化认同度,加强文化创新"等四点政策建议,以期为我国提升文化软实力、打造文化强国提供参考意见。
[Abstract]:With the gradual deepening of the development of world economy and the world economic and cultural exchanges, cultural trade has become an important indispensable form of current international trade. In recent years, the scale of China cultural products trade is growing rapidly, in 2014, the total size of China's cultural products trade reached US $54 billion 928 million, the total amount of cultural products to the world exports amounted to $48 billion 339 million. Trade in cultural products, has become an important pillar of economic growth China pull new engine and the national economy, also is the "13th Five-Year" plan into the national strategic planning. In the Chinese cultural products trade, export occupies a pivotal position, therefore, two yuan margin and the determinants of growth of cultural products export, has very important practical significance for China's economic growth and enhance the cultural soft power. The heterogeneous enterprise trade theory based on, China cultural products export data from 2005-2014 years, analyzed the characteristics of Chinese export of cultural products, on the basis of the binary marginal estimates, and using empirical extended gravity model to test the determinants. The main contents of this paper include: firstly, this article reviews the related literature at home and abroad, Melitz (2003) for the first time put forward the heterogeneous enterprise trade theory lays a solid theoretical foundation for the study of a country's trade two yuan margin, a large number of scholars on this two yuan of marginal issues related to research, but research on two yuan margin China cultural products export growth is very little, therefore, there is still a large space for research and value this problem. Then, this paper analyzes the characteristics of Chinese export of cultural products and measure the second element marginal product level, through the data collection and collation of HS-6 bits, as Researchers found that in recent years China cultural products exports despite rapid growth, but the trade structure and trade layout is not reasonable, performance is too focused on the cultural products export variety and export market, visual arts and crafts products accounted for 40% of total exports in the scale of cultural products, cultural products to the United States and Hongkong total exports about half of the total export scale. Secondly, this paper uses Hummels and Klenow (2005) method to calculate the Chinese exports to the world and the main trade partners and regional cultural products two yuan marginal value, the results show that China cultural products export growth mainly depends on the leading role of the intensive margin, namely to export growth quantity, showing the extensive growth pattern, this pattern of growth is easily affected by external factors. Finally, this paper use empirical extended gravity model to test the China Two yuan marginal determinants of growth of cultural products export. This paper uses the cultural dimensions theory Hofstede to quantify the cultural distance, and make empirical research using random effects model, examines the bilateral economic scale, geographical distance, cultural distance, the export of China's cultural products trade fixed exchange rate, productivity, cost and external factors such as the impact of Chinese cultural products export growth of two yuan of marginal effects. The results show that: (1) the bilateral cultural distance on the China cultural products export intensive margin has a negative impact on the marginal expansion, no influence, expand the cultural distance between the two countries to Chinese cultural products exports have hindered the expansion; (2) the bilateral economic scale, geographical distance, cultural distance, exchange rate, external shocks on the intensive marginal significant effect, while the bilateral economic scale, fixed exchange rate, trade cost of marginal expansion There are significant impacts. Based on this, this paper puts forward four policy recommendations, such as "enhancing cultural identity and strengthening cultural innovation", so as to provide references for our country to enhance cultural soft power and build a strong cultural power.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G124;F752.62

【参考文献】