蔬菜B2C直销的拣货作业优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 22:18

本文选题：蔬菜B2C直销　切入点：拣货模式　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2010年以来,蔬菜网上直销模式相继在北京、上海等地出现,开启了我国蔬菜类商品B2C电子商务模式的新篇章。该模式给生活节奏快、无暇去超市买菜的年轻上班族带来了极大方便。然而,其“一日达”、“半日达”的时间性极强的配送要求,给蔬菜加工作业带来巨大挑战。一方面,蔬菜属于易腐品,不能或过多储存,只能现采现摘；另一方面,新兴的蔬菜配送中心作为整个物流运作环节的主要节点,其作业流程缺乏科学性和规范性,无法满足配送的紧迫性。在配送中心所有的作业环节中,最核心的环节是按单拣货作业,其劳动量和拣货作业成本在配送中心所有作业中占据主要部分。蔬菜B2C直销模式下的拣货迫切需要高准确率和高效率,以衔接后续的装车作业环节。当前粗放式的手工作坊拣货模式,其拣货效率低、出错率高、蔬菜腐烂程度高等特点,已无法满足蔬菜B2C直销模式的拣货需求。因此本文对蔬菜B2C直销模式下的拣货模式和拣货顺序优化展开研究。针对这一问题,本文的主要研究工作如下：(1) 通过对当前蔬菜B2C直销模式下的配送中心拣货现状分析,以满足准时拣货、准时打包和准时配送为目标,引入JIT的作业思想,提出了基于电子看板的蔬菜拣货作业模式,并对其作业流程和拣货策略进行分析；(2) 将每条拣货流水线抽象为机器,依据机器调度原理,以JIT的作业思想,建立满足装车时间窗和装车链优先顺序的拣货顺序优化模型,并对模型的复杂性进行分析,得出其为NP-难问题；(3) 为了有效求解该模型,基于定性定量相结合的思想,本文设计了基于优先规则的混合遗传算法,并对该混合遗传算法的相关步骤进行了定义；(4) 以北京昊宇公司为实际应用背景,与原始遗传算法比较,通过对各种不同规模算例的数值试验比较和灵敏度分析,验证该混合遗传算法的有效性。本文的相关研究是对蔬菜B2C直销模式下配送中心拣货模式和拣货顺序优化问题的探索,有利于企业规范拣货流程,满足拣货准时化需求,提高拣货效率；蔬菜拣货顺序的优化研究,为企业的拣货顺序制定提供了决策依据,同时丰富了机器调度理论,具有很高的实际意义和理论意义。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, vegetable online direct marketing model has appeared in Beijing, Shanghai and other places, which has opened a new chapter of B2C e-commerce model of vegetable commodities in China.This model brings great convenience to young office workers who have no time to go to the supermarket to buy food.However, its "one day", "half a day" of the extremely strong delivery requirements, to the vegetable processing operations bring great challenges.On the one hand, vegetables are perishable and cannot be stored or overstocked, so they can only be picked now. On the other hand, as the main node of the whole logistics operation, the emerging vegetable distribution center lacks scientific and normative operation flow.Unable to meet the urgency of distribution.Among all the operations in the distribution center, the most important link is to pick goods according to the single order, and the amount of labor and the cost of picking the goods occupy the main part in all the operations of the distribution center.High accuracy and high efficiency are urgently needed in vegetable B2C direct selling mode in order to link up the subsequent loading operation.At present, the extensive handmade workshop picking mode has the characteristics of low picking efficiency, high error rate and high degree of vegetable decay, which can no longer meet the demand of picking goods in the B2C direct selling mode of vegetables.Therefore, this paper studies the selection mode and picking order optimization of vegetable B2C direct selling mode.Aiming at this problem, the main research work of this paper is as follows: 1) through the analysis of the current situation of picking goods in the distribution center under the current B2C direct selling mode of vegetables, in order to meet the objectives of just-in-time picking, just-in-time packing and just-in-time distribution, the paper introduces the idea of JIT operation.This paper presents a vegetable picking operation model based on electronic Kanban, and analyzes its operation flow and picking strategy. Pipeline is abstracted as a machine. According to the principle of machine scheduling, JIT is adopted.A picking order optimization model satisfying loading time window and loading chain priority order is established, and the complexity of the model is analyzed. It is found that the model is NP-difficult problem.) in order to solve this model effectively, based on the idea of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis.In this paper, a hybrid genetic algorithm based on priority rules is designed, and the relevant steps of the hybrid genetic algorithm are defined.The effectiveness of the hybrid genetic algorithm is verified by comparison of numerical experiments and sensitivity analysis of various numerical examples of different scales.The related research in this paper is to explore the optimization of picking mode and picking sequence of distribution center under B2C direct selling mode of vegetables, which is helpful for enterprises to standardize the picking process, to meet the demand of picking on time and to improve the efficiency of picking.The research on the optimization of vegetable picking order provides a basis for decision making and enriches the theory of machine scheduling, which is of great practical and theoretical significance.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F724.6;F326.6

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