B2C电子商务企业及其入驻店铺的时空演变规律研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 08:54

本文选题：B2C + 电子商务企业　；参考：《河北师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：信息时代,电子商务作为一种新的经济活动方式,它突破了时间与空间的限制。对企业而言,不仅实现了与顾客随时随地的信息交流,也提高了其经营水平。同时,也深刻影响并改变了人们的消费行为与生活方式。本文以经济地理学与信息地理学思想为基础,以B2C模式下电子商务企业的发展过程为切入点,从地理空间与网络空间的视角分析了电商企业的空间扩张态势。在此基础上,以天猫平台中的入驻店铺为研究对象,利用变异系数、区位熵、空间自相关模型等空间分析方法,从不同维度、不同层次揭示了网络店铺的时空分布特征。证明了网络零售业仍然遵循传统的经济地理学理论,但也表现出了明显的差异性、复杂性与变化性。研究表明：(1)中国B2C电子商务企业经历了由酝酿萌芽、调整起步到缓慢发展、高速成长再到平稳成熟的五个基本阶段,可以看出,任何一种新形式的经济活动都是一个不断变化与发展的过程。B2C网站的倒闭停业、兼并收购、上市合作等各种事态,不仅体现了电商企业之间的激烈竞争与优胜劣汰,也完善了电子商务生态系统。同时,深刻影响了传统线下企业的生产与经营方式,有力证明了信息技术这一因素在企业经济活动中所起的变革性和决定性作用。(2)中国B2C电子商务企业在地理空间中以横向延伸为主,主要表现为建设仓储物流基地、开启跨境电子商务和培育农村服务站点；而在网络空间中则突出纵向扩展,以转变网站运营模式、扩充商品品类以及发展移动终端市场为代表。如阿里巴巴启动“千县万村”计划；京东、当当实现了从垂直到综合、自营到自营+平台模式的转变。可以说,B2C电子商务企业的发展贯穿于整个地理空间与网络空间中且两者相互融合、共同发展。(3)天猫平台中入驻店铺具有明显的时空分布规律。从时间维度看,天猫店铺空间分布范围不断扩大,且密度不断增加,尤以黄河、长江中游地区及大西南地区变化最为强烈,其省域年均增长率普遍较高。从空间维度看,省域层面上,整体上空间分布不平衡,呈现出由东南沿海向西北内陆递减的趋势。同时,西北及东北地区省份空间分布差异大,离散程度高,集聚性强；东部沿海省份内部空间分布相对均衡,离散程度较弱,以浙江省最为典型。市域层面上,以省会城市为代表,形成了以苏沪杭城市群、广深城市群为核心,以首都经济圈、成渝经济圈、武汉城市圈为主体的“两核三圈”分布格局,表现出了明显的等级特征。(4)在不同空间尺度上,天猫店铺的集聚特征表现出明显的差异性、复杂性和变化性。从省域层面看,天猫店铺在全局空间自相关中具有显著的正的空间集聚性,同时,随着时间的推移表现出逐渐弱化的趋势；在局部空间自相关中,东部沿海省份以HH型为主,绝大多数中西部省份则以LL型为主,且具有高度的稳定性。从市域层面看,天猫店铺的空间集聚性虽表现的并不明显,但有进一步增强的趋势；局部空间集聚特征所表现出的不平衡现象,不仅体现在各区域之间也体现在区域内部的城市之间。总体上,经济相对发达的东南沿海地区,其空间集聚作用范围明显扩大,且表现出较强的一体化发展特征；而经济相对落后的中西部地区,其LL和HL集聚型城市明显增加,呈现出较强的空间极化特征。(5)不同类别的天猫店铺,区位倾向不同且空间差异显著。从店铺所属行业看,以劳动力密集型为主的鞋服箱包类店铺倾向布局在黄河、长江中游地区,以中、东部省份的次中心城市或典型的特色产业城市为主,但省区内部空间差异显著。以资本技术密集型为主的数码家电类店铺,集中分布在东部沿海经济发达的城市中,以深圳、上海、北京、杭州、广州为代表。以区域原料为主的食品茶酒类店铺,整体空间分布广泛,但明显倾向于在大西南、大西北地区布局,特产类店铺具有鲜明的地域特征。从空间范围看,同一类店铺在省域、市域层面中的区位倾向与集中程度也有所不同,说明网络店铺的整体分布状况并不能完全反映其内部的区位特征。
[Abstract]:In the information age, as a new way of economic activity, e-commerce has broken through the restriction of time and space. For enterprises, it not only realizes information exchange with customers anytime and anywhere, but also improves its management level. At the same time, it also profoundly affects and changes people's consumption behavior and way of life. This article is based on economic geography and information. On the basis of geography and the development process of e-commerce enterprises under B2C model, the spatial expansion of e-commerce enterprises is analyzed from the perspective of geographic space and network space. On this basis, the spatial analysis of the resident stores in the Tmall platform is taken as the research object, using the spatial analysis of variation coefficient, location entropy, spatial autocorrelation model and so on. Methods, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of network shops are revealed from different dimensions and different levels. It is proved that the network retail industry still follows the traditional economic geography theory, but also shows obvious differences, complexity and variability. (1) China's B2C e-commerce enterprises have experienced the germination, the adjustment started to the slow development. The five basic stages of the exhibition, high speed growth and smooth maturity can be seen that any new form of economic activity is a continuous change and development of the process of.B2C web site failure, merger and acquisition, listed cooperation and other events, not only embodies the fierce competition and survival of the survival of the survival of the fittest, but also improved electronic business. At the same time, it has a profound influence on the production and management of enterprises under the traditional line, which strongly proves the change and decisive role of the factor of information technology in the economic activities of enterprises. (2) the B2C e-commerce enterprises in China are mainly in the horizontal extension in the geographical space, mainly as the construction of warehousing logistics base and opening. The cross-border e-commerce and the cultivation of rural service sites; while in the network space, the vertical expansion is highlighted to change the operation mode of the website, expand the commodity category and develop the mobile terminal market. For example, the Alibaba launched the "thousand County village" plan; the Jingdong, Dangdang realized the model from vertical to comprehensive, self-management to self-management + platform. It can be said that the development of B2C e-commerce enterprises runs through the whole geographical space and network space and the two are integrated and developed together. (3) the distribution of stores in the Tmall platform has obvious temporal and spatial distribution. From the time dimension, the spatial distribution of Tmall stores is not broken, and the density is increasing, especially in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. From the spatial dimension, the overall spatial distribution is uneven, showing a trend of decreasing from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of the northwest and northeast provinces is large, the degree of dispersion is high, and the concentration is strong. The spatial distribution of the internal space in the coastal provinces is relatively balanced and the degree of dispersion is weak, which is the most typical in Zhejiang province. On the level of the city, the province is represented by the provincial capital city, forming the distribution pattern of "two nuclear three circles" with the capital economic circle, the Chengdu Chongqing economic circle and the Wuhan city circle as the core, and the distribution pattern of the "three circles" with the capital economic circle, the Chengdu Chongqing economic circle and the city circle as the main body. (4) at different spatial scales, the characteristics of Tmall stores are distinct, complex and variable. From the provincial level, Tmall stores have significant positive spatial agglomeration in the global spatial autocorrelation, while the trend of gradual weakening over time, and the autocorrelation in local space. In the eastern coastal provinces, the majority of the central and western provinces are mainly HH, and the vast majority of the central and western provinces are mainly LL and have high stability. From the level of the city, the spatial agglomeration of Tmall stores is not obvious, but there is a trend of further enhancement; the imbalance in the characteristics of local spatial agglomeration is not only reflected in the various regions. In the southeast coastal areas of the relatively developed economy, the scope of its spatial agglomeration is obviously enlarged and the characteristics of the integration development are strong. In the middle and western regions with relatively backward economy, the LL and the HL agglomeration cities are obviously increased, showing a strong spatial polarization characteristic. (5) no Similar to other Tmall stores, the location tendency is different and the spatial difference is significant. From the store industry, the layout of the shoes and suitcases is mainly located in the Yellow River, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the central cities in the eastern provinces, or the typical characteristic industrial cities, but the spatial differences in the provinces are remarkable. Technology intensive digital electrical appliances shops are mainly distributed in the economically developed eastern coastal cities, with Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou and Guangzhou as the representative. The food tea and wine shops with regional raw materials are widely distributed in a wide range, but are obviously inclined to be located in the southwest, the northwest region, and the special products stores are distinct. Regional characteristics. From the spatial scope, the location tendency and concentration degree of the same kind of shops in the provincial and municipal level are also different, which shows that the overall distribution of the network stores does not fully reflect the regional characteristics.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F724.6;F274

【参考文献】