应用大数据技术控制P2P网贷风险问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 14:58

本文选题：P2P网贷平台 + 风险控制　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：P2P网络贷款行业近几年发展迅猛,各项指标的增长速度与贷款规模大大超出了人们的想象。这是互联网金融的伟大创新,也是我国民间借贷市场的蜕变与升华。P2P网络贷款不同于传统金融市场的运作模式,它打破了银行等大型金融机构对市场资金、融资渠道和融资对象的垄断;通过互联网平台,一方面运用信贷风险防控技术鉴别贷款企业或个人信用状况,另一方面将鉴别后的结果公之于众,配合适当的贷款利率推荐给拥有闲散资金的出借人,直接打通了借贷双方借贷过程中的壁垒。P2P网络贷款的产生,更加充分的运用了全社会的闲散资金,提高了资金使用率;另外,也为大多数中、低产阶级家庭或个人找到了比股市、楼市更加安全,比银行存款收益更高的理财渠道;同时,对于不能够从大型金融机构获得贷款的中小企业、特别是小微企业,P2P网贷行业的产生为他们提供了融资渠道,促进了中小微企业的发展,具备了普惠金融的意义。然而在P2P网贷平台疯狂生长的背后,却是风险事件频繁产生,诈骗、跑路、资金链断裂等事件大量发生。仅仅在2017年2月一个月期间,出现的问题平台数就达到54家,从2016年3月到2017年2月,新增问题平台数为1576家,截至2017年2月底,全行业累计问题平台数达到3555家,而行业存活平台仅为2335家。无论是商业银行还是P2P网贷平台,风险管理都是其长期、稳定发展的核心。在近几年出现问题的平台中,除了部分恶意跑路的诈骗平台外,出现了大量资金链断裂、资金流动性不足以至无法兑付、平台不良贷款过高和平台杠杆率过高等问题,这是对P2P网贷平台风险管理能力的考验。可惜的是P2P网贷平台的测试结果并不理想,传统风险管理技术受到了严峻的挑战。于是,行业从业人员以及学术界人士将目光投向了大数据技术,结合先进的国际风险管理理念,将大数据技术引入风控管理。第一,这是跟上时代技术发展的要求。第二,这是跟上同业技术应用进程的要求。第三,这是应对复杂风险形势的要求。这是自然的演进,是大势所趋。首先通过对P2P网贷行业问题平台的分析,并结合大量问题平台的案例进行研究,总结出我国P2P网贷行业存在的风险;其次,对比传统风险管理技术与大数据技术,分析大数据技术在风险管理中的作用机理;再次,通过建立三方信贷模型,把非大数据环境信贷模型与大数据环境信贷模型进行比较分析,得出大数据技术能有效控制P2P网贷平台信用风险的结论;最后,结合当下大数据技术在行业中的应用及困境,提出合理建议。不仅丰富了理论界研究成果,同时给予了P2P网贷平台一定的指导。
[Abstract]:P2P network loan industry has developed rapidly in recent years. This is a great innovation in Internet finance, and it is also the transformation and sublimation of the private lending market in our country. P2P network loans are different from the operation mode of the traditional financial market. It has broken the market capital of large financial institutions such as banks. Monopoly of financing channels and financing objects; through Internet platforms, on the one hand, credit risk prevention and control technology is used to identify the credit status of loan enterprises or individuals, on the other hand, the results of the identification are made public. With the appropriate loan interest rate recommended to the lender with idle funds, directly through the lending process of both sides of the barrier. P2P network loans, more fully use the idle funds of the whole society, improve the utilization rate of funds; In addition, for the majority of middle-class, lower-class families or individuals, they have found financial channels that are safer than the stock market, the property market, and higher returns on bank deposits; at the same time, for small and medium-sized enterprises that cannot obtain loans from large financial institutions, Especially, the emergence of P2P network loan industry of small and micro enterprises provides them with financing channels, promotes the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and has the significance of inclusive finance. However, behind the frenzied growth of P2P network loan platform, there are a large number of incidents such as frequent occurrence of risk events, fraud, runaway, fund chain breakage and so on. In the month of February 2017 alone, the number of problem platforms has reached 54. From March 2016 to February 2017, there were 1576 new problem platforms. By the end of February 2017, the total number of problem platforms in the industry had reached 3555. And industry survival platform is only 2335. Whether commercial banks or P2P network loan platform, risk management is the core of its long-term and stable development. Among the platforms that have encountered problems in recent years, in addition to some malicious fraud platforms, a large number of capital chains have broken, funds are too illiquid to be paid, non-performing loans on the platform are too high and the leverage ratio of the platform is too high. This is to P2P network loan platform risk management ability test. Unfortunately, the test results of P2P network loan platform are not ideal, and the traditional risk management technology has been severely challenged. As a result, industry practitioners and academics have turned their attention to big data technology, and combined with advanced international risk management concept, big data technology has been introduced into wind control management. First, this is the need to keep up with the technological development of the times. Second, this is to keep up with the technical application process of the same industry requirements. Third, this is the need to deal with complex risk situations. This is the evolution of nature and the trend of the times. Firstly, by analyzing the problem platform of P2P network loan industry, and combining with a large number of case studies on the problem platform, summarize the risk of P2P network loan industry in China. Secondly, compare the traditional risk management technology with big data technology. The function mechanism of big data technology in risk management is analyzed. Thirdly, the non-big data environmental credit model and the big data environmental credit model are compared and analyzed by establishing a three-party credit model. The conclusion is that big data technology can effectively control the credit risk of P2P network loan platform. Finally, combining with the current application and dilemma of big data technology in the industry, reasonable suggestions are put forward. It not only enriches the theoretical research results, but also gives some guidance to P2P network loan platform.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4;F724.6

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