天津口岸进口水果检疫管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 06:43

本文选题：水果 + 检疫管理　；参考：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近十年来,我国进口水果贸易飞速发展,相比2005年,10年间贸易量增长了四倍多,在给我国人民带来物质生活几大富足的同时,外来有害生物会通过入境水果入侵的风险也伴随而来。对此,天津口岸提出了对于进口水果检疫管理的战略目标:“既要防止有害生物随进口水果及其产品传入我国,又要促进天津地区乃至华北地区的贸易繁荣发展”。本文以天津口岸为例,通过文献研究法、调查研究法和统计分析法研究如何有效的对进口水果进行检验检疫管理,实现战略目标。天津口岸是目前我国水果进口的第七大口岸,北方第二大口岸,辐射整个华北、西北地区。整个天津口岸进口水果的检验检疫管理由天津出入境检验检疫局承担。天津局目前建立了完备的检验检疫管理体系对天津口岸入境的水果进行管理。管理体系包括以下四个方面:风险管理、绩效管理以及组织外部要素的管理。尽管目前天津局采取了多种行之有效的管理措施,但是随着社会的发展,经济的繁荣,现阶段的检疫管理仍然面临着重要的挑战,问题主要表现在以下几个方面:一是检疫时间过长,影响通关速度;二是有害生物的入侵情况逐年增多;三是信息化建设不够完善;四是在岗专业背景人员偏少。对此,本文除了逐条分析产生原因之外,也提出了初步的解决方案,例如:科学制定政策,提高检测技术;多种措施联合提高管理水平;加大力度推进信息化建设;优化人力资源配置等。为了适应新时期的科技发展,以及日新月异的社会进步,进口水果检验检疫管理也应该与时俱进,为此本文提出了未来一个阶段的发展方向,包括以下几个方面:一是检疫管理应重点突出“法规与技术”相结合的要求;二是检疫管理应坚持预防为主,防御铲除相结合的指导思想;三是检疫管理既要立足于国内,也要放眼世界;四是树立科学的检疫管理理念。最后,希望通过本研究能够为最终达到天津口岸检疫管理的战略目标“既防控外来有害生物的入侵,又促进贸易的发展”,提供可靠而专业的素材。
[Abstract]:In the past decade, China's import of fruits has developed rapidly, more than four times the volume of trade in 2005 and 10 years, which has brought about several substantial affluence to the people of our country at the same time. The risk of foreign pests invading through inbound fruits also comes with it. In view of this, Tianjin Port put forward the strategic goal of quarantine management of imported fruits: "it is necessary to prevent the introduction of pests into China with imported fruits and their products, and to promote the development of trade prosperity in Tianjin and even North China". This article takes Tianjin port as an example, through the literature research method, the investigation research method and the statistical analysis method studies how to carry on the inspection and quarantine management to the imported fruit effectively, realizes the strategic goal. Tianjin Port is currently the seventh largest port of fruit import in China, the second largest port in the north, radiating the whole North China and Northwest China. The inspection and quarantine administration of imported fruit at Tianjin Port shall be undertaken by Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. Tianjin Bureau has established a complete inspection and quarantine management system to manage the entry of fruit at Tianjin Port. The management system includes the following four aspects: risk management, performance management and management of external elements. Although Tianjin Bureau has adopted a variety of effective management measures, but with the development of society and the prosperity of the economy, the quarantine management at this stage still faces important challenges. The main problems are shown in the following aspects: first, the quarantine time is too long, affecting the speed of customs clearance; second, the invasive situation of pests increased year by year; third, the information construction is not perfect; fourth, the number of professional background personnel on the job is relatively small. In this paper, in addition to the analysis of the causes, this paper also put forward some preliminary solutions, such as: scientific policy, improve the detection technology, a variety of measures to improve the level of management, increase efforts to promote the construction of information; Optimize the allocation of human resources. In order to adapt to the development of science and technology in the new era and the rapid social progress, import fruit inspection and quarantine management should also keep pace with the times. This includes the following aspects: first, quarantine management should focus on the requirements of combining "laws and technology"; second, quarantine management should adhere to the guiding ideology of combining prevention, defense and eradication; and third, quarantine management should be based on domestic standards. Also want to look at the world; fourth, set up scientific quarantine management concept. Finally, it is hoped that this study can provide reliable and professional materials for the final strategic goal of quarantine management at Tianjin Port "preventing and controlling the invasion of foreign pests and promoting the development of trade".
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.5

【参考文献】