对拉萨海关边民走私治理难点问题的专题研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 17:47

本文选题：边民 + 走私　；参考：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：走私是一种跨越国界的违法犯罪行为,是国际社会共同打击的对象。打击走私绝不仅是经济问题,而且事关改革、发展、稳定的大局。尤其是在西藏边疆少数民族地区,坚持不懈地开展反走私斗争,既是保持国民经济健康发展的重要条件,也是维护国家和人民利益的根本要求。拉萨海关作为边民互市贸易的监督管理机关和打击走私的执法部门,其对边民走私的治理,关系到海关职能作用的发挥,关系到边境地区正常的进出口贸易秩序,关系到西藏边疆地区安定团结的大好局面。但受地理环境、经济发展水平、边民意识程度的限制,拉萨海关在边民治理方面面临许多难点问题。结合党的十八大把“提高国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”作为深化改革的总体目标和习近平总书记提出的“治国必治边,治边先稳藏”的指示,拉萨海关希望在对边民走私治理问题上转变思维,有所作为。本文以拉萨海关对边民走私治理难点问题为研究对象,以公共政策理论为指导,综合运用文献研究、调查研究和系统研究法,在对西藏地区边境口岸边民走私物品种类、走私原因、走私产生的危害和拉萨海关治理措施进行调研基础上,对拉萨海关边民走私治理模式进行了概述;分析查找了当前拉萨海关在治理边民走私问题中面临的反走私综合治理成员单位配合不协调、相关政策落实不到位、海关查缉管控力量严重不足、边民走私行为界定难以及走私活动屡禁不止5个方面的原因;并逐一分析形成问题的5个原因,即主客观因素造成边民走私活动屡禁不止、地方政府绩效考核不科学、走私治理缺乏激励机制、海关把关服务职能作用难以发挥、目前重实体轻程序法制观念的转变以及和周边国家对外贸易不发达的原因;从构建西藏乃至全国边疆地区治理框架、落实政府统一领导、健全海关走私治理主要职能、完善打击走私的法律制度、坚持相结合的5个方面,有针对性地提出了拉萨海关边民走私治理的现实建设路径,从而为构建符合西藏边境地区实际的边民走私治理体系,加强海关度边境地区进出境货物管理、人员管理工作提供参考和借鉴,为加强对边民互市贸易管理和打击违法犯罪活动提供理论支持。
[Abstract]:Smuggling is an illegal and criminal act across national boundaries and is the object of joint attack by the international community. Cracking down on smuggling is not only an economic problem, but also a matter of reform, development and stability. Especially in the ethnic minority areas of Tibet's border areas, unswervingly carrying out the struggle against smuggling is not only an important condition for maintaining the healthy development of the national economy, but also a fundamental requirement for safeguarding the interests of the state and the people. The Lhasa Customs, as the supervision and administration organ of the border people's trade and the law enforcement department to crack down on smuggling, has a bearing on the exertion of the functions of the customs and the normal order of import and export trade in the border areas. It is related to the excellent situation of stability and unity in Tibet border area. However, due to the restriction of geographical environment, economic development level and the consciousness of border people, Lhasa Customs is faced with many difficult problems in the management of border people. Combined with the party's 18th National Congress "improving the National Governance system and Modernization of Governance capability" as the overall goal of deepening reform and the directive of General Secretary Xi Jinping that "governing the country must be ruled, the government must first stabilize Tibet," Lhasa Customs hopes to change its thinking and make some progress on the issue of border smuggling. This paper takes Lhasa customs as the research object, takes the public policy theory as the guidance, synthetically uses the literature research, the investigation research and the system research method, in the Tibet border port border people smuggling goods kind, the article takes the Lhasa customs as the research object. On the basis of investigation and investigation on the reasons of smuggling, the harm caused by smuggling and the measures of controlling the customs in Lhasa, the paper summarizes the mode of the smuggling of border people in Lhasa. This paper analyzes and finds out that the current Lhasa Customs has been faced with the coordination and incoordination of the anti-smuggling comprehensive management member units in dealing with border smuggling problems, the implementation of relevant policies is not in place, and the customs investigation and control forces are seriously inadequate. It is difficult to define the smuggling behavior of the border people and the reasons for the repeated prohibition of smuggling activities, and the five reasons for the formation of the problem are analyzed one by one, that is, the subjective and objective factors cause the smuggling activities of the border people to be banned repeatedly, and the performance evaluation of the local government is not scientific. The smuggling control lacks incentive mechanism, the function of customs control service is difficult to play, the change of the legal system concept of attaching importance to substance and procedure, and the reasons for the underdevelopment of foreign trade of neighboring countries, from the construction of the framework of governance in Tibet and even in the border areas of the whole country, Implementing the unified leadership of the government, improving the main functions of the customs smuggling administration, perfecting the legal system for combating smuggling, insisting on the five aspects of combining them, and putting forward the practical construction path for the administration of smuggling by the border people of Lhasa Customs. This will provide a reference and reference for the construction of a border smuggling control system in line with the actual situation in the Tibet border area, the strengthening of the management of inbound and outbound goods and personnel management in the border area of the customs. It provides theoretical support for strengthening trade management and cracking down on illegal and criminal activities.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.57

【参考文献】