中国食用植物油贸易竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 18:43

本文选题：食用植物油 + 贸易　；参考：《东北农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：植物油是中国居民的生活必需品之一,而目前中国食用植物油的自给率仍不足40%,60%以上依赖进口,可见中国对植物油进口的依赖程度非常高。根据新华网报道,到2024年国内食用植物油消费达到3300万吨左右,大豆油、菜籽油、棕榈油、花生油消费所占比重约为50%、25%、7%、9%,这四种食用植物油消费占食用植物油总消费比例将达到91%。因此了解中国食用植物油在国际市场上的比较优势和竞争力状况对提高中国食用植物油的竞争力,维护中国食用植物油的产业安全具有重要意义。基于此,本文以比较优势理论、要素禀赋理论以及国家竞争优势理论为基础,选择了1996-2014年间大豆油、花生油、菜籽油、棕榈油以及葵花籽油五种主要的食用植物油品种的相关数据,采用显性比较优势指数(RCA)、相对贸易优势指数(RTA)、显示性竞争力指数(RC)、贸易竞争优势指数(TC)四个指标对中国食用植物油贸易竞争力情况进行实证研究。本文对中国食用植物油贸易现状的分析发现,中国花生油、大豆油、菜籽油产量居世界前列,产量规模不断扩大;中国植物油的进口近些年来出现了急剧的增加,目前中国已经成为植物油的净进口国;中国植物油出口价格与进口价格相比没有价格优势,出口规模小。对其竞争力情况的研究表明,从显性比较优势的结果来看,除了花生油外其余四种食用植物油均没有比较优势;如果将进口加以考虑,相对贸易优势指数和显示性竞争力指数除花生油以外均为负值,这表明,相对于进口产品,中国生产的食用植物油国际贸易比较劣势更加明显,可见中国食用植物油产品与其他进口产品相比处于比较劣势的状态;贸易竞争优势指数研究结果也表明中国食用植物油的竞争力优势正在丧失,未来形势会更加严峻。最后,本文根据“钻石模型”,从要素条件、需求条件、相关产业及支持产业、企业战略、结构和竞争对手以及政府和机会维度对影响中国食用植物油贸易竞争力的因素进行了分析,提出了增加高级要素的投入力度、实行差异化品牌策略、促进相关支持产业集聚发展、提高企业自身的竞争优势、政府完善法律法规、实施“走出去”战略等相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Vegetable oil is one of the necessities of daily life in China, but the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil in China is still less than 40%, which shows that China is highly dependent on the import of vegetable oil. According to Xinhuanet, domestic consumption of edible vegetable oil will reach 33 million tons by 2024. The proportion of consumption of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and peanut oil is about 50%. The consumption of these four kinds of edible vegetable oil will account for 91% of the total consumption of edible vegetable oil. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the comparative advantage and competitive status of Chinese edible vegetable oil in the international market to improve the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil and to maintain the industrial safety of Chinese edible vegetable oil. Based on the comparative advantage theory, factor endowment theory and national competitive advantage theory, this paper selects soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil from 1996 to 2014. Data on five major edible vegetable oils, palm oil and sunflower seed oil, The dominant comparative advantage index (RCAA), the relative trade advantage index (RTAA), the indicative competitiveness index (RCN) and the trade competitive advantage index (TC) were used to study the trade competitiveness of edible vegetable oil in China. This paper analyzes the present situation of China's edible vegetable oil trade and finds that the production of peanut oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil in China is among the highest in the world, and the output scale is constantly expanding, and the import of Chinese vegetable oil has increased sharply in recent years. At present, China has become a net importer of vegetable oil; the export price of vegetable oil in China has no price advantage compared with import price, and the export scale is small. Studies of their competitiveness show that, based on the results of explicit comparative advantage, none of the four edible vegetable oils except peanut oil have comparative advantages; if imports are taken into account, Both the relative trade advantage index and the indicative competitiveness index are negative except peanut oil, which shows that the international trade disadvantage of edible vegetable oil produced by China is more obvious than that of imported products. It can be seen that Chinese edible vegetable oil products are at a comparative disadvantage compared with other imported products. The results of trade competitive advantage index also show that the competitive advantage of Chinese edible vegetable oil is losing and the situation will be more severe in the future. Finally, according to the "diamond model", this paper analyzes the factors, demand, related industries, supporting industries and enterprise strategies. The factors influencing the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil trade are analyzed in terms of structure and competition, as well as government and opportunity dimension. It is put forward to increase the input of advanced factors and implement the strategy of differentiated brand. To promote the development of industrial agglomeration, to improve the competitive advantage of enterprises, to improve laws and regulations, to implement the strategy of "going out" and so on.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.82;F752.6

【参考文献】