黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 12:01

【摘要】：2017年中央“一号文件”提出“加强农业对外合作,推动农业走出去”,为我国农产品面向国际市场出口贸易定下基调,同时也为农产品国际贸易相关问题的研究指明了方向。在农业结构性矛盾日益凸显背景之下,我国部分农产品面临严峻的高库存压力,而国际贸易是缓解压力的重要渠道。与此同时,黑龙江是我国重要的农业大省,也是重要的商品粮基地,在保障国家粮食安全、稳定社会秩序、带动经济发展等方面的作用举足轻重。2016年黑龙江省稻米产量为251亿斤,并且商品化率为66.2%,在全国居首位。但是在与全球市场对接时,也呈现些许不足,主要表现在稻米品质、稻米品种方面。基于此,本文着手:阐述黑龙江省稻米出口现状;解析稻米出口环境;解构稻米出口中面临的主要问题及弊端;揭示影响稻米出口竞争力的诸因素;探底稻米出口潜力等几项问题展开论述,具体撰文思路如下:首先,基于全球视域分析了当前稻米的生产、消费、库存以及进出口情况,宏观审视当前稻米市场环境,继而对黑龙江省稻米的生产和贸易状况进行了解析。其次,从国际和国内两个层面,选取国际市场占有率、显示性比较优势指数、贸易竞争力指数来考察世界范围的出口竞争力表现,选取对称性显示性比较优势指标、贸易平衡指标展开与国内市场的比较,进一步明确黑龙江省稻米在国际与国内市场中的竞争地位。再次,依据产业竞争力理论、钻石体系理论,借助专家调查法、层级分析以及灰色关联方法分析了影响稻米竞争力的诸因素,梳理影响稻米国际竞争力之掣肘,解构其影响机理。最后,围绕如何提升黑龙江省稻米竞争力,从提高稻米质量、稻米产业转型以及管理体制机制改革等方面提出针对性政策建议。本研究较为全面地分析了黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力的影响因素,对于提升黑龙江省稻米市场竞争力、推进农业供给侧结构性改革、制定粮食进出口贸易政策、积极融入“一带一路战略”等都具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。
[Abstract]:In 2017, the "No. 1 document" of the Central Committee proposed "strengthening agricultural cooperation with foreign countries and promoting agriculture going out", which set the tone for China's agricultural products to export to the international market, and also pointed out the direction for the study of the problems related to the international trade of agricultural products. Under the background of the increasingly prominent structural contradiction in agriculture, some agricultural products in China are facing severe pressure of high inventory, and international trade is an important channel to alleviate the pressure. At the same time, Heilongjiang is an important agricultural province in China, as well as an important commodity grain base, which ensures national food security and stabilizes social order. In 2016, the rice yield of Heilongjiang Province was 25.1 billion jin, and the commercialization rate was 66.2, ranking first in the country. But in the connection with the global market, there are some deficiencies, mainly in rice quality, rice varieties. Based on this, this paper begins to elaborate the present situation of rice export in Heilongjiang Province, analyze the rice export environment, deconstruct the main problems and disadvantages in rice export, reveal the factors that affect the competitiveness of rice export. This paper discusses several problems, such as the potential of rice export at the bottom, and puts forward the ideas as follows: firstly, based on the global perspective, the current rice production, consumption, inventory, import and export situation are analyzed, and the current rice market environment is examined macroscopically. Then the production and trade of rice in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed. Secondly, from the international and domestic levels, select the international market share, indicative comparative advantage index, trade competitiveness index to examine the world's export competitiveness performance, select symmetry display comparative advantage index. The trade balance index is compared with the domestic market to further clarify the competitive position of Heilongjiang Province rice in the international and domestic markets. Thirdly, according to the theory of industrial competitiveness, the theory of diamond system, with the help of expert investigation, hierarchical analysis and grey correlation method, this paper analyzes the factors that affect rice competitiveness, and combs the constraints that affect the international competitiveness of rice. Deconstruct its influence mechanism. Finally, some suggestions on how to improve the rice competitiveness of Heilongjiang Province are put forward from the aspects of rice quality, transformation of rice industry and reform of management system and mechanism. This study comprehensively analyzed the influencing factors of Heilongjiang Province rice export competitiveness, which can promote Heilongjiang Province rice market competitiveness, promote agricultural supply-side structural reform, and formulate grain import and export trade policy. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to actively integrate Belt and Road's strategy.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7;F752.62

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