中国电动汽车分时租赁的商业模式创新研究

发布时间：2018-12-25 20:35

【摘要】：能源与环境问题是当今各国面临的重要问题,是影响全球经济特别是汽车产业发展的重要因素。中国作为世界能源消耗大国和汽车产销大国,所面临的能源和环境问题尤为突出,为此,中国对耗能低、污染少的电动汽车产业的发展尤为重视,并从政策支持和商业模式创新两个方面进行了探索。伴随着共享经济和"互联网+"正逐渐改变人们的观念和生活方式,将电动汽车与共享经济和"互联网+"相结合的电动汽车分时租赁的商业模式成为商业模式创新的一个重点方向,对促进中国电动汽车产业发展具有重要意义。因此,对中国电动汽车分时租赁的商业模式创新的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。首先,在研究相关文献的基础上,本文对全球新能源汽车产业发展现状和国内外电动汽车分时租赁的商业模式发展现状进行了分析。全球产业发展现状部分从市场表现/推广应用情况、产业发展政策和商业模式创新三部分进行了分析,全面的总结了新能源汽车产业的发展重点和方向。国外电动汽车分时租赁模式现状部分主要从车辆、价格、租赁流程和基础设施建设4个方面介绍了全球典型的Autolib和Car2go模式。在此基础上,国内部分则从政策支持、地理布局、价值链3个角度对中国电动汽车分时租赁模式的整体发展状况进行了概括,从而形成对中国电动汽车分时租赁模式及其发展趋势的全面认识。其次,本文在中国电动汽车分时租赁商业模式发展现状的基础上,参考了国外学者Kley等构建的形态学矩阵,考虑了价值主张、价值链和盈利模式三要素,构建了包括车辆、运营方、交易方式三个一级要素和13个二级要素及其各自特征的中国电动汽车分时租赁商业模式形态学矩阵,并以服务导向作为商业模式评判准则。最后,本文以构建的中国电动汽车分时租赁商业模式形态学矩阵为依据,选取了 39个推广应用示范城市(群)中最具代表性的杭州微公交模式、北京绿狗车纷享模式和北京零派乐享模式进行了创新性分析,并基于时间演进层面、不同城市层面和同一城市的不同模式层面对这三种模式进行对比,进而从车辆、运营方、交易方式以及结合地域特色四个方面提出中国电动汽车分时租赁商业模式创新的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Energy and environment is an important problem facing countries nowadays, and it is an important factor affecting the development of the global economy, especially the automobile industry. As a major energy consuming country in the world and a large country in automobile production and marketing, China is faced with particularly prominent energy and environmental problems. For this reason, China attaches particular importance to the development of the electric vehicle industry with low energy consumption and less pollution. And has carried on the exploration from the policy support and the business model innovation two aspects. Along with the sharing economy and the "Internet," people are gradually changing their ideas and ways of life. It is of great significance to promote the development of electric vehicle industry in China by combining electric vehicle with sharing economy and "Internet" as a key direction of business model innovation. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the innovation of Chinese electric vehicle time-sharing leasing business model. First of all, based on the research of related literature, this paper analyzes the current situation of the development of the global new energy vehicle industry and the domestic and foreign business model of electric vehicle time-sharing lease. The present situation of global industry development is analyzed from three parts: market performance / application, industrial development policy and business model innovation, and the development focus and direction of new energy automobile industry are summarized. The present situation of time-sharing leasing mode of electric vehicles abroad mainly introduces the global typical Autolib and Car2go models from four aspects: vehicle, price, lease process and infrastructure construction. On this basis, the domestic part generalizes the overall development of the time-sharing leasing model of electric vehicles in China from the aspects of policy support, geographical distribution and value chain. In order to form a comprehensive understanding of China's electric vehicle time-sharing leasing model and its development trend. Secondly, on the basis of the current situation of the development of the time-sharing business model of electric vehicles in China, this paper, referring to the morphological matrix constructed by foreign scholars, such as Kley, considers the value proposition, the value chain and the profit model, and constructs three elements, which include the vehicle, the value chain and the profit model. The morphological matrix of Chinese electric vehicle time-sharing leasing business model with three first-order elements and 13 second-class elements and their respective characteristics, and the service-oriented business model is taken as the criterion of judging the business model. Finally, based on the morphological matrix of Chinese electric vehicle time-sharing leasing business model, this paper selects the Hangzhou micro-bus model, which is the most representative of 39 demonstration cities (clusters). This paper analyzes the innovation of Beijing Green Dog car Model and Beijing Zero style Mode, and compares the three models based on time evolution level, different city level and different mode level of the same city, and then from vehicle to operator. This paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the innovation of time-sharing leasing business model of electric vehicles in China from four aspects: transaction mode and regional characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F721;F724.6

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