TFA的实施对我国低利润产品出口贸易影响研究
发布时间：2019-05-12 01:00
【摘要】：日内瓦世贸组织总部于2017年2月22日宣布《贸易便利化协定》正式生效,此次协定成为WTO成立以来第一份以促进全球贸易为目的的正式协议。该协定的实施最主要的影响是降低交易成本,提高交易效率,而这两点对于利润较低的产品影响较为巨大。根据国际机构测算,有效实施《协定》将使发展中国家成本降低13%-15.5%,最高可使发展中国家出口每年增9.9%(约5690亿美元)。本文从利润的角度出发,结合我国投入产出表计算出我国42个行业的息税前利润率,对我国主要出口产品所在行业的息税前利润率进行排名,将其中利润率最低且出口比重较大的易腐食品以及纺织品作为典型的低利润产品进行研究,分析我国出口易腐食品以及纺织品的现状及其主要出口国家或地区,并以中国出口东盟的易腐食品以及中国出口美国的纺织品作为研究对象进行实证分析。首先基于贸易便利化总体指标,得出贸易便利化水平与中国出口东盟易腐食品、以及中国出口美国的纺织品都成正向关系,且在不同的贸易关系下,影响程度不同;其次在模型的基础上模拟分析贸易便利化指数提升到世界平均水平分别会对中国出口东盟的易腐食品以及中国出口美国的纺织品贸易额的增加量,得出我国易腐食品以及低利润产品的出口增加量比正常产品出口增加量要大,说明TFA的实施对低利润产品的影响更大。最后根据我国的贸易便利化二级指数,从海关港口合作、互联网建设、贸易壁垒以及海关环境四个方面对我国实施TFA提出具有针对性的对策建议,建议我国充分利用TFA的实施,提升我国的通关效率,进一步减少成本,全面促进我国贸易的和谐发展。
[Abstract]:The WTO headquarters in Geneva announced the entry into force of the Agreement on Trade Facilitation on February 22, 2017, which became the first formal agreement for the purpose of promoting global trade since the establishment of the WTO. The main impact of the implementation of the agreement is to reduce transaction costs and improve transaction efficiency, which have a great impact on products with lower profits. According to estimates by international agencies, the effective implementation of the Agreement will reduce the costs of developing countries by 13 per cent to 15.5 per cent, with exports from developing countries increasing by 9.9 per cent per year (about US $569 billion). From the point of view of profit, combined with the input-output table of our country, this paper calculates the pre-interest and tax profit rate of 42 industries in our country, and ranks the pre-interest and tax profit rate of the main export products in our country. The perishable food and textiles, which have the lowest profit margin and a large proportion of exports, are studied as typical low-profit products, and the present situation of China's export of perishable food and textiles and its main export countries or regions are analyzed. China exports perishable food to ASEAN and American textiles as the object of empirical analysis. First of all, based on the overall indicators of trade facilitation, it is concluded that the level of trade facilitation is positively related to China's export of ASEAN perishable food and China's exports to the United States, and the degree of impact is different under different trade relations. Secondly, on the basis of the model, it is simulated and analyzed that the increase of trade facilitation index to the world average will increase the amount of perishable food exported by China to ASEAN and textile trade from China to the United States, respectively. It is concluded that the export increase of perishable food and low profit products in China is larger than that of normal products, which indicates that the implementation of TFA has a greater impact on low profit products. Finally, according to the secondary index of trade facilitation in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of TFA in China from four aspects: customs port cooperation, Internet construction, trade barriers and customs environment, and suggests that China should make full use of the implementation of TFA. Improve the efficiency of customs clearance in China, further reduce costs, and promote the harmonious development of trade in China in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.62;F744
本文编号：2474987
[Abstract]:The WTO headquarters in Geneva announced the entry into force of the Agreement on Trade Facilitation on February 22, 2017, which became the first formal agreement for the purpose of promoting global trade since the establishment of the WTO. The main impact of the implementation of the agreement is to reduce transaction costs and improve transaction efficiency, which have a great impact on products with lower profits. According to estimates by international agencies, the effective implementation of the Agreement will reduce the costs of developing countries by 13 per cent to 15.5 per cent, with exports from developing countries increasing by 9.9 per cent per year (about US $569 billion). From the point of view of profit, combined with the input-output table of our country, this paper calculates the pre-interest and tax profit rate of 42 industries in our country, and ranks the pre-interest and tax profit rate of the main export products in our country. The perishable food and textiles, which have the lowest profit margin and a large proportion of exports, are studied as typical low-profit products, and the present situation of China's export of perishable food and textiles and its main export countries or regions are analyzed. China exports perishable food to ASEAN and American textiles as the object of empirical analysis. First of all, based on the overall indicators of trade facilitation, it is concluded that the level of trade facilitation is positively related to China's export of ASEAN perishable food and China's exports to the United States, and the degree of impact is different under different trade relations. Secondly, on the basis of the model, it is simulated and analyzed that the increase of trade facilitation index to the world average will increase the amount of perishable food exported by China to ASEAN and textile trade from China to the United States, respectively. It is concluded that the export increase of perishable food and low profit products in China is larger than that of normal products, which indicates that the implementation of TFA has a greater impact on low profit products. Finally, according to the secondary index of trade facilitation in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of TFA in China from four aspects: customs port cooperation, Internet construction, trade barriers and customs environment, and suggests that China should make full use of the implementation of TFA. Improve the efficiency of customs clearance in China, further reduce costs, and promote the harmonious development of trade in China in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.62;F744
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