中国小微企业信贷可获得性及其影响因素研究——基于CHFS数据的实证分析

发布时间：2018-03-23 21:51

本文选题：金融支持　切入点：实体经济　出处：《西南金融》2016年12期

【摘要】：小微企业在中国经济发展中起着举足轻重的作用,其面临的困境之一是信贷约束。基于2013年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)的数据,本文从信贷申请率和申请通过率分析了中国小微企业信贷可获得性较低的原因。研究发现,在有银行信贷需求的小微企业中,只有45.8%的企业获得了贷款。中国小微企业信贷可得性水平较低,更多归咎于较低的信贷申请率(57.8%),而不是申请通过率(79.2%)。运用样本选择Probit模型,从企业特征、企业主背景、社区环境和地区发展四个方面分析了影响信贷可得性的原因,发现小微企业资产规模和盈利情况对于信贷申请率和申请通过率都是显著的影响因素,地区发展更影响银行信贷行为,社区环境更影响企业主借贷行为。为提高小微企业信贷可得性,本文提出三点建议:首先,普遍提高小微业主金融知识,鼓励更多小微企业申请贷款;其次,减少信贷市场的歧视现象;最后,放宽信贷申请门槛,允许金融业更多竞争。
[Abstract]:One of the dilemmas faced by small and micro enterprises, which play a pivotal role in China's economic development, is credit constraints, based on data from the 2013 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS). This paper analyzes the reasons for the low availability of credit for small and micro enterprises in China from the credit application rate and application pass rate. Only 45.8% of enterprises have received loans. The low level of credit availability of small and micro enterprises in China is more attributable to the lower credit application rate of 57.8% than to the application pass rate of 79.2%. Use the sample to select the Probit model, based on the characteristics of the enterprise, the background of the business owner, Four aspects of community environment and regional development are analyzed to analyze the reasons that affect the availability of credit. It is found that the asset size and profitability of small and micro enterprises are significant factors affecting both the credit application rate and the application pass rate. In order to improve the availability of credit for small and micro enterprises, this paper puts forward three suggestions: firstly, to improve the financial knowledge of small and micro business owners in general. Encourage more small and micro enterprises to apply for loans; second, reduce discrimination in the credit market; and finally, ease the barriers to credit applications and allow more competition in the financial sector.
【作者单位】：西南财经大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71403219) 国家社会科学基金重大项目(批准号:14ZDB134)的资助
【分类号】：F832.4

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