开放经济下知识资本与全要素生产率——国际经验与中国启示

发布时间：2018-08-22 19:06

【摘要】：本文就知识资本对全要素生产率的影响效应进行比较分析,文中把国内知识资本分为研发资本、人力资本、创新设施资本和技术资本以及国外知识资本分为进口和FDI溢出知识资本,以130个经济体1981—2010年间的面板数据,依据系统聚类法将130个经济体划分为创新领导型、创新追赶型和创新缓慢型三类俱乐部样本,运用宏观知识生产函数模型对知识资本与全要素生产率的影响效应进行了实证检验。结果显示:国内知识资本和国外知识资本的溢出都是影响全要素生产率提升的重要因素,但是不同知识资本要素对不同创新经济体全要素生产率的影响存在明显差异:研发资本、技术资本和FDI渠道对创新领导俱乐部的促进作用大于创新追赶和创新缓慢俱乐部;人力资本和进口渠道对创新追赶俱乐部的促进作用大于创新领导和创新缓慢俱乐部;创新设施资本和技术差距对创新缓慢俱乐部的促进作用大于创新领导和创新追赶俱乐部。我国正处在创新追赶型国家向创新领导型国家转变的重要阶段,创新政策的重点应促进国内外各创新资源的有效配置,增强知识资本投入产出能力,加快提高全要素生产率。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a comparative analysis of the effect of knowledge capital on total factor productivity, and divides domestic knowledge capital into R & D capital and human capital. Innovation facility capital, technology capital and foreign knowledge capital are divided into import and FDI spillover knowledge capital. Based on the panel data of 130 economies from 1981 to 2010, 130 economies are classified into innovative leadership based on systematic clustering method. Three kinds of club samples of innovation catch-up type and slow innovation type are used to test the effect of knowledge capital and total factor productivity using macro-knowledge production function model. The results show that the spillover of domestic knowledge capital and foreign knowledge capital are the important factors that affect the total factor productivity (TFP). However, the influence of different knowledge capital factors on the total factor productivity of different innovative economies is obviously different: r & D capital, technical capital and FDI channel promote the innovation leadership club more than the innovation catch-up and innovation slow club; Human capital and import channels promote innovation catch-up club more than innovation leadership and innovation slow club, and innovation facility capital and technology gap promote innovation slow club than innovation leader and innovation catch-up club. Our country is in the important stage of transformation from innovation catch-up country to innovation leading country. The emphasis of innovation policy should be to promote the effective allocation of innovation resources at home and abroad, to strengthen the input-output capacity of knowledge capital, and to accelerate the improvement of total factor productivity.
【作者单位】：浙江工业大学经贸管理学院;浙江大学城市学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“全面提高开放型经济水平研究”(13&ZD046)资助国家自然科学基金项目“基于知识资本国际化配置的动态能力演变与创新政策研究”(71173192)的阶段性成果。
【分类号】：F124.3;F832.6

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