马克思主义金融思想视角下的我国农村金融改革发展路径探析

发布时间：2019-03-16 10:15

【摘要】：近年来,我国在加快社会主义新农村建设,增加农民收入,提高农业现代化水平方面取得了一定成就。在马克思主义金融理论的正确指导下,在党和政府的大力扶持和关怀下,在全国人民的共同努力下,中国农村金融经过多年的探索和实践,走出了一条具有中国特色的农村金融改革道路,最大程度地满足了“三农”的信贷需求。农村金融改革是指改变一切不适应农村金融发展的体制、机制等不利因素,从而使得农村金融的作用得到最大程度发挥,使得农村的发展效果得到最大程度增强。农村金融改革在中国共产党革命和建设过程中具有非同寻常的意义和价值,在解决农村发展、农业生产和农民生活等问题上扮演着重要的角色。农村金融改革是是对马克思主义金融理论发展的贡献,特别是对于发展中国家而言更具有重要的借鉴价值。分析和解读农村金融改革不仅是总结和提炼马克思主义理论在中国的实践发展,也是更好的总结农村金融改革理论,全面深化农村金融改革的需要。但目前中国农村广大农民获得信贷和金融服务的权利没有受到根本性的保护,农村经济发展在很大程度上受到农村金融供给不足的制约。基于中国农村经济金融发展极不均衡的现状和农村改革发展结构调整的契机,在农村金融体制改革中如何构建一个“多层次、广覆盖”的农村合作金融体系己成为建设社会主义新农村必须面对和解决的问题。研究中国自己的农村金融故事,如何以马克思理论来指导构建具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的农村金融体系,有利于更好的服务社会实体发展,更好的为人民的福祉牟利,更好的提高人民生活水平。本文共分为四部分,第一部分概述马克思主义金融思想的基本内容、判断原则,总结金融思想的理论基础;第二部分概括我国农村金融改革发展历史变迁情况,分析了建国后、改革开放后、深化改革后的农村金融体系的发展;第三部分研究了我国农村金融改革发展的现状及面临的困难与不足,分析我国农村金融改革发展的金融系统初步形成、农村金融服务体系逐步完善,指出了当下存在的农村金融发展与农村经济形势不适应、金融产品存在单一化现象、信贷服务效率较低、外部环境挑战加剧、法律环境尚不健全等问题;第四部提出了完善我国金融改革发展体系的建议,即通过坚持马克思主义思想的指导,坚持全面深化农村金融体系改革,坚持农村金融改革市场化导向,不断创新农村金融产品,持续完善农村金融监管体系、加强农村信用体系建设,改善服务环境等措施进一步完善我国农村金融发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China has made some achievements in speeding up the construction of new socialist countryside, increasing peasants' income and improving the level of agricultural modernization. Under the correct guidance of Marxist financial theory, under the vigorous support and concern of the Party and the government, and with the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, China's rural finance has been explored and practiced for many years. We have gone out of the way of rural financial reform with Chinese characteristics and met the credit demand of agriculture, rural areas and farmers to the greatest extent. Rural financial reform is to change all the unfavorable factors, such as the system and mechanism, which do not adapt to the development of rural finance, so that the role of rural finance can be maximized, and the effect of rural development will be enhanced to the greatest extent. The rural financial reform plays an important role in solving the problems of rural development, agricultural production and peasants' life, which is of great significance and value in the process of revolution and construction of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Rural financial reform is a contribution to the development of Marxist financial theory, especially for developing countries. To analyze and interpret the rural financial reform is not only to summarize and refine the practical development of Marxist theory in China, but also to summarize the rural financial reform theory better, and to deepen the rural financial reform in an all-round way. However, at present, the rural farmers' right to obtain credit and financial services has not been fundamentally protected, and the development of rural economy is largely restricted by the lack of rural financial supply. Based on the extremely uneven development of rural economy and finance in China and the opportunity of structural adjustment of rural reform and development, how to construct a "multi-level" in the reform of rural financial system, The rural cooperative financial system with broad coverage has become a problem that must be faced and solved in the construction of a new socialist countryside. The study of China's own rural financial story, how to guide the construction of a rural financial system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style by Marx's theory is conducive to better service to the development of social entities. Better for the well-being of the people, better improve the standard of living of the people. This article is divided into four parts, the first part summarizes the basic content of Marxist financial thought, judgment principle, and summarizes the theoretical basis of financial thought; The second part summarizes the historical changes of rural financial reform in China, analyzes the development of rural financial system after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the reform and opening-up, and the deepening of the reform. The third part studies the present situation and the difficulties and shortcomings of the rural financial reform and development of our country, analyzes the preliminary formation of the financial system of the rural financial reform and development of our country, and improves the rural financial service system step by step. It points out that the present rural financial development does not adapt to the rural economic situation, the financial products are unitary, the efficiency of credit service is low, the challenge of external environment is aggravating, and the legal environment is not perfect and so on. The fourth part puts forward some suggestions to improve China's financial reform and development system, that is, by adhering to the guidance of Marxism, adhering to deepening the reform of the rural financial system in an all-round way, and adhering to the market-oriented orientation of the rural financial reform. Innovation of rural financial products, continuous improvement of rural financial supervision system, strengthening the construction of rural credit system, improving the service environment and other measures to further improve the development of rural finance in China.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.35

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