在沪安徽籍外来人口同乡关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 16:34

本文关键词：在沪安徽籍外来人口同乡关系研究　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：已有研究表明,外来人口一般更为看重同乡关系,其同乡间的关系也更为密切。这提示了城市外来人口同乡关系研究领域的新课题:在从初进异地城市到逐步融入流入地社会的过程中,外来人口的同乡关系有何变化?现阶段城市外来人口同乡关系有何不同于传统同乡关系的基本特性?本文基于这一问题意识,以在沪安徽籍外来人口为对象,把他们的同乡关系嵌入其社会融入过程予以考察和分析。本文借鉴已有研究成果,设计了含“经济整合”、“社会适应”、“文化习得”和“心理认同”和“居住形态”五个维度和41项指标的“外来人口社会融入水平调查量表”以及以“同乡关系需求”、“同乡关系角色”和“同乡关系效应认识”为主要维度的“外来人口同乡关系分析量表”(第二章);运用问卷调查、半结构式访谈和参与式观察等方法进行调查研究,共收集到252份有效问卷,与15位相关人员进行数次访谈,还加入几个较为知名的在沪安徽人QQ群,连续参与观察9个月;依据上述调查及分析量表和统计软件,对调查资料进行分析。本文从静态和动态两个方面考察和分析在沪安徽籍外来人口的同乡关系,前者从同乡关系联结的基本方式和同乡关系的一般状况两个方面探究其不同于传统同乡关系的基本特性(第三章),后者将同乡关系需求、同乡关系角色和同乡关系效应认识嵌入社会融入水平由低向高的“社会融入水平Ⅰ阶段”、“社会融入水平Ⅱ阶段”和“社会融入水平Ⅲ阶段”,分析其变化及其特点(第四章)。主要研究结论如下:(1)在现实中,大多数在沪安徽籍人口通过实体性同乡组织、网络同乡群体以及个人对个人这三种方式结识同乡、与同乡交往、扩大和密切同乡关系网络。这三者作为同乡关系联结方式,各具特点,各有所长,相互补短。(2)从静态看,在沪安徽籍外来人口在同乡关系需求方面,“为同乡提供的帮助”和“获得同乡的帮助”的频次都大于“对同乡帮助的需求”,而且两者都更多地集中在“信息交流”、“情感交流”和“同乡活动参与”,但“对同乡帮助的需求”则更多地集中在“社会资源拓展”。在同乡关系角色方面,自认为“助人多于受助”的最多,“受助与助人基本相等”的次之,“受助多于助人”的最少。在同乡关系效应认识方面,近60%主张“正效应为主”,仅4.8%主张“负效应为主”,而有35.7%主张“正负效应基本相等”。从上述各点可见现阶段我国城市外来人口同乡关系不同于传统同乡关系的基本特性:地缘血缘关联性较不明晰;目的性和工具性较明显;更少封闭性而更多开放性。(3)在沪安徽籍外来人口在同乡关系需求方面,在社会融入水平Ⅰ阶段,获助频数少于望助频数的只有“社会资源拓展需求”;在社会融入水平Ⅱ阶段,“社会资源拓展需求”是获助频数少于望助频数最多的一项;在社会融入水平Ⅲ阶段,获助频数少于望助频数的只有“经济支持需求”。(4)他们在同乡关系角色方面,在社会融入水平Ⅰ阶段,“受助与助人基本相等”最多、“受助多于助人”次之、“助人多于受助”最少;但可见在社会融入水平Ⅱ阶段完成由受助为主向助人和互助为主的转换以及进入社会融入水平Ⅲ阶段之后助人为主比例的继续提升,直至超过85%。(5)他们在同乡关系效应认识方面,在社会融入的任一阶段,都是“正效应为主”论者最多,“正负效应基本相当”论者居中,“负效应为主”论者最少,且所占比例很低;但随社会融入水平由低向高,持“正效应为主”论者所占比例有所下降,持“正负效应基本相等”论者所占比例显著上升,持“负效应为主”论者所占比例下降较多。上述同乡关系变化本身,也印证了现阶段我国城市外来人口同乡关系在总体上具有地缘血缘关联性渐次模糊、目的性和工具性趋于明显、更少封闭性而更多开放性这些基本特性。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that the foreign population is generally more important association relationship, its relationship with the country more closely. This suggests that the new topic in the field of research on the relationship between fellow migrant population: in the city from the early into the city to gradually integrate into different social process, the foreign population association relationship of any changes at this stage? City Association of migrant population differ from the traditional relationship between the basic characteristics of fellow relationship? This paper based on this issue to consciousness in Shanghai Anhui migrant population as the object of their fellow relations embedded in the social integration process of investigation and analysis. In this paper, based on existing research results, designed with "economic integration", "social adaptation", "cultural acquisition" and "identity" and "living form" five dimensions and 41 indicators of "floating population social integration level questionnaire" and "fellow relationship Needs "," a role "and" understanding "fellow relationship effect is the main dimensions of fellow migrant population scale analysis" (chapter second); using questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews and participant observation methods of investigation and study, we collected 252 valid questionnaires, interviews with several 15 staff, but also add a few more well-known in Shanghai Anhui QQ group, continuous observation for 9 months; and according to the analysis of questionnaire and statistical software for survey data analysis. This article from two aspects of static and dynamic investigation and analysis in Shanghai Anhui migrant population association, two the general situation of the former from the basic way of the connection between fellow and fellow explore basic characteristics which is different from traditional association relations (Chapter third), the latter will fellow relationship needs, fellow relationship roles and fellow relationship The effect of knowledge embedded in social integration level from low to high "level of social integration stage", "social integration level II stage" and "social integration level III stage", analyzes the changes and characteristics (Chapter fourth). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in reality, the majority of Anhui people in Shanghai the entity of countryman organization, network fellow groups and person to person of the three way to meet fellow and fellow exchanges, expand and close association networks. These three as a link, with the characteristics of complementary phase. Each one has his good points, short (2) from a static perspective, in the Shanghai Anhui migrant population in the country the relationship between the demand side, "fellow help" and "get home help" frequency is greater than "to help fellow needs", and both are more focused on "information exchange", "emotion" and "the same Xiang ", but" to participate in activities to help fellow needs "is more focused on" social resources development ". In a role, since that" most helpful than recipients, recipients and helping basic equal "time," more than the recipients to help "the least understanding. In a recent 60% effect, advocating" positive effect ", only 4.8% stands for" negative effect ", and there are 35.7% advocates" positive and negative effects are basically equal. "The basic characteristics from the above points visible at this stage from floating population in China city is different from the traditional fellow relationship: Blood geopolitical relevance is not clear purpose; and the tool is obvious; less closed and more open. (3) in Shanghai Anhui migrant population in a demand side, into the level I stage in society, helps the frequency less than expected to help the frequency of only" social resources Expand the demand "; into level II stage in society," social resources to expand the demand is less than the frequency for help is expected to help the frequency up to a level III; into the stage in the society, helps the frequency less than expected to help the frequency of only "economic support demand". (4) in their dealing with the relationship of role, integration the level I stage in society, "the recipients and help others equal" up, "more than the recipients to help people", "help people more than recipients at least; but visible in the social integration level II stage after the completion of conversion from the recipients oriented to help people and help each other to enter the society and help people into the level of stage III the main proportion continues to increase, until more than 85%. (5) in their understanding of a effect, at any stage of social integration, is a" positive effect "on the most," the basic theory of positive and negative effects of "middle," negative effect Based on the least, and low proportion; but with the social integration level from low to high, to "positive effect" on the proportion of decline, increased significantly to "positive and negative effects on basic equal proportion, a" negative effect "on the proportion under drop more. The fellow relationship itself, also confirms the relationship at the present stage of China's floating population in the whole city association with geographical kinship association gradually blurred, objective and tool has become more apparent, less closed and more open these basic characteristics.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.8

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