众创背景下大学生创业意愿影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 15:39

本文关键词：众创背景下大学生创业意愿影响因素研究　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高校学生毕业数量呈现逐年增加的态势,如何妥善解决大学生就业问题成为政府和社会关注的热点,而引导和支持大学生参与创业活动是解决大学生就业问题的重要途径之一。大学生参与创业活动,不仅能够解决自身和他人的就业问题,发挥自身所学的专业知识技能,而且还能在拉动经济增长、增加政府税收等方面为社会做出贡献。为此我国各级政府相继出台多项优惠政策促进大学生参与创业活动。如不仅为大学生创业者提供税收减免、无息贷款、免费提供创业场地以及打造大学生创业孵化园等支持措施,而且在学业方面允许在校大学生保留学籍休学创业、实行弹性学分制以及开设创业教育课程,全方位支持大学生积极参与创业活动,尤其是在李克强总理提出"大众创业、万众创新"号召后,支持大学生创业活动优惠措施更加明显。但是,面对如此优惠的政策,我国高校大学生创业率依然较低。因此,深入研究大学生创业意愿影响因素对于分析大学生创业率低的原因具有很强的积极作用。本文的研究内容主要有:第一章为绪论,明确了本文的研究背景与研究目的、研究内容、研究意义和研究框架以及可能的创新点;第二章为文献综述,对创业教育、创业政策以及创业意愿理论文献进行相应的梳理,对现有大学生创业意愿影响因素模型进行相应的归纳,分析现有理论模型中的不足之处;第三章为假设提出与理论模型构建,首先分析创业意愿与创业政策、创业教育之间的关系;其次在参考以往创业意愿模型的基础之上,结合"大众创业、万众创新"背景构建本文的理论模型,并且提出相应的研究假设;第四章为问卷调查与实证分析,选取以往学者使用较为成熟的量表,运用统计软件对研究假设进行检验。第五章为研究结论与展望,根据实证检验结果进行相应的分析,得出结论和启示,总结研究的不足之处以及对未来后续研究的展望。本文在基于计划行为理论(TPB理论)模型的基础之上,结合"大众创业、万众创新"背景,引入创业教育、创业政策两个变量,构建出更具中国情景的大学生创业意愿影响因素模型。首先运用理论推理提出相应的研究假设,其次采用SPSS21.0检验验证各测量指标的稳定性与合理性,并对研究假设进行检验。研究结果显示,(1)创业教育对增强大学生创业意愿具有显著作用,良好的创业教育能够提高大学生的创业意愿;(2)创业政策对增强大学生创业意愿具有显著作用,即创业政策越完善,大学生创业意愿就越强烈;(3)创业态度、主观规范和感知行为控制力在创业教育与创业意愿之间起中介作用;(4)创业态度、主观规范和感知行为控制力在创业政策与创业意愿之间起中介作用。
[Abstract]:The number of graduate students in Colleges and universities has increased year by year the situation, how to properly solve the employment problem of college students has become the focus of attention of the government and society, and guide and support the students' participation in entrepreneurial activities is one of the important ways to solve the employment problem of College Students. College students to participate in the business activities, not only can solve the employment problems of their own and others, to play their own professional learning knowledge and skills, but also in the economic growth, increasing government revenue and make contribution to the society. So our government has introduced a number of preferential policies to promote college students to participate in the business activities. Such as not only for college student entrepreneurs to provide tax relief, interest free loans, free to provide business venues and build students' venture incubator support measures but in the academic aspect allows college students retain the school drop out of business, the implementation of flexible credit system and open Set up enterprise education curriculum, all-round support students to actively participate in business activities, especially in the premier Li Keqiang proposed to "public entrepreneurship, innovation" call, support studentsentrepreneurialactivity incentives more obvious. However, in the face of such preferential policies, China's high school students entrepreneurship rate is still low. Therefore, the factors influencing college students entrepreneurship intend to research on the causes of College Students' Entrepreneurship rate has a strong positive effect. The main contents of this paper are: the first chapter is the introduction, clarifies the research background and the research purpose, research contents, research significance and research framework and possible innovation; the second chapter is a literature review on entrepreneurship education business policy and entrepreneurial intention, theory of literature for the corresponding comb, the corresponding induction of the existing model of factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of college students, analysis of existing theory The deficiencies in the model; the third chapter is the construction of the hypothesis and the theoretical model, first analysis of entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial policy, relationship between entrepreneurship education; secondly on the basis of previous entrepreneurial intention model, combined with the "public business model innovation," the construction background of this paper, and put forward the corresponding research hypothesis; fourth chapter is the analysis of questionnaire and empirical selection, scholars use mature scale, using statistical software to test the research hypothesis. The fifth chapter is conclusion and prospect, according to the analysis of empirical results, draw conclusions and enlightenment, summarizes the research deficiencies and prospects of future research in this paper. In based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB theory) on the basis of a model, combined with the public venture, the highly innovative background of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship policy two variables, construct A model of factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of college students is more Chinese situation. First using the theory put forward the corresponding research hypotheses, followed by SPSS21.0 test to verify the stability of the measurement index and the rationality, and to test the hypothesis of this research. The results showed that (1) the pioneering education plays a significant role in enhancing the entrepreneurial intention of college students, entrepreneurship education good to improve college students' entrepreneurial intention; (2) entrepreneurship policy has significant effect on enhancing the entrepreneurial intention of college students, namely the entrepreneurship policy more perfect, the entrepreneurial intention of college students is more intense; (3) entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control plays a mediating role between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention; (4) attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control plays a mediating role between entrepreneurship policy and entrepreneurial intention.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38;F279.2

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