中国先秦时期主要统计思想雏议

发布时间：2018-01-19 11:39

本文关键词： 统计思想发展规律研究价值传承意义　出处：《江西财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：统计学是一门方法论学科,各种专门的统计学是通过统计学与其他领域的实质性科学相结合延伸出来的。而在"大统计"的背景下,经济统计与数理统计也日益趋于融合。那么,未来的统计学该如何发展?想要研究统计学的发展,就一定要研究统计学的内在,因为统计思想内在的变化就是统计学的发展体现。未来统计学的发展方向和道路朝向哪个方向,需要在研究统计学本质性和普遍性的东西上和统计思想的发展规律后才能更好的选择合适的道路。伟大的启蒙思想家伏尔泰曾说:"了解前人是如何想的,比了解他们如何做的更有益" ①。前人如何做的叫历史,前人如何想的叫思想。而本文主要研究的就是中国先秦时期统计主要的思想,一种统计的思想精神、意识和认识,或者也可以说是一种统计理解方式,是人类所具有的一种特殊的主观能动性和一种思维的认识能力。在黑格尔曾在《历史哲学》中说过,如果想要全面的了解和理解历史,就一定要取得并且认识在这段过渡里所包罗的所有思想,这个过程是相当重要的。虽然经过不同的发展阶段,一个人、一个单位依然还是一个人、一个单位,只有一个人、一个单位到达了"精神"的普遍性阶段,也就是到达了内在必然性的时候,才算是理解了历史所包罗的思想,这就是"历史"哲学理解的灵魂。也就是说,只有思想才能真正达到理解事物的内在规律性。因为思想总是存于事件的背后,所以本文对中国先秦时期统计实践背后的统计主要思想进行研究,以期达到掌握中国先秦时期统计主要思想的发展规律,从而更好的启发统计学未来发展的道路。全文共有六章内容。第一章是绪论部分,介绍了问题提出的背景和研究的意义,并从国内外统计主要思想研究现状对文献做出总结和评价。具体阐述了当前统计主要思想这一概念的界定,并选定对中国先秦时期统计主要思想进行研究,并说明本文的研究思路框架和研究方法,最后阐述本文的创新点和不足之处。第二章,开始进入主题,对中国先秦时期统计领域中人口、土地及国势的统计实践进行概述,并对中国先秦时期的统计组织、统计工作和统计方法进行详细的梳理总结。第三章是本文的重点部分。通过对中国先秦时期统计主要思想的历史发展概况以及中国先秦时期统计主要思想代表人物的研究,总结得出中国先秦时期统计主要思想发展的从属性、关联性、局限性和滞后性四大特点。并对此进行研究评价。第四章,将我国先秦时期的统计主要思想与西方统计主要思想进行分析比较,主要对统计思想主要学派的内容与特点进行比较,通过对比分析,找出差异,填补我国主要统计思想欠缺,并吸收西方统计主要思想精华。第五章,本文的末尾,对整个文章的内容作了简要的评价,总结中国先秦时期统计主要思想对后世的影响,并提出进一步的研究方向,达到完善我国统计思想发展为最终目的。
[Abstract]:Statistics is a discipline of statistical method, all kinds of specialized is extended by substantial scientific statistics and other fields. In the combination of "Statistics" in the context of economic statistics and mathematical statistics are converging. So, how was the future development? Development to study statistics. We must study the development and change of internal statistics, because the statistical ideas inherent is statistically reflected. Future development direction and the direction in which the road was to need the right to a better choice in the development of statistical nature and universality of things and statistical thinking of the road after the great enlightenment thinker Voltaire once. Said: "the previous understanding is how to think, than to understand how they do better." previous history called how to do, how to think of the previous call this thought. The main research is the main idea of the pre Qin period China statistics, a statistical thinking spirit, consciousness and cognition, or it can be said is a statistical way of understanding, is a special kind of subjective initiative of human beings and a thinking ability in understanding. Hagel once said in "philosophy of history" if you want to know and understand the history, comprehensive, must obtain and know all thoughts including in this transition, this process is very important. Despite the different stages of development, a person, a unit is still a person, a unit, only one person, one unit arrived the "universal stage spirit", which is reached when inner necessity, is the understanding of the history including thought, this is the "history" of the philosophical understanding of the soul. That is to say, only the mind can really achieve science The intrinsic regularity of solutions of things. Because the ideas behind the event is always on, so study the main idea of this paper China behind statistics on the pre Qin period statistical practice, in order to master the law of development of the main idea of the pre Qin period China statistics, in order to better inspire statistics, the future development of the road. There are six chapters the first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the study, and from domestic and foreign research status of the main idea of statistical summary and evaluation of the literature. Expounds the main ideas of the present statistical definition of this concept, and selected to study the main idea of the pre Qin period Chinese statistics, and explains the research framework and this research method, finally expounds the innovation and shortcomings of this paper. The second chapter, began to enter the theme of population China in pre Qin period in the field of statistics, land Overview of statistical practice and the national statistics, and organization of the pre Qin period China, statistical work and statistical methods are summarized. The third chapter is the key part of this paper. Through the research on the historical development of the main idea of the pre Qin period Chinese statistics and statistics of pre Qin period China mainly representative idea, summarize the main idea the development of the pre Qin period China statistics from the property, relevance, limitations and lag four characteristics. And this research evaluation. The fourth chapter, the pre Qin period of China Statistics main idea and main ideas of Western statistical analysis and comparison, comparison of the main statistical thinking main academic content and characteristics, through comparative analysis and find out the differences, mainly lack of statistical thinking fill in our country, and the main ideas of Western essence absorption statistics. In the fifth chapter, the end of this paper, on the whole article This paper gives a brief review of the contents, summarizes the influence of the main statistical thoughts in the pre Qin period on later generations, and puts forward further research directions, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of improving the development of statistical thinking in China.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：C829.2

【参考文献】