老年人医疗费用及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 12:32

本文关键词： 老年人医疗支出影响因素两部分模型　出处：《天津财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,老龄化问题呈现越来越严重的加速趋势,世界上已经有68个国家进入了老龄化社会的状态。并且随着世界人均寿命的延长,老年人口比率还将持续增加。中国作为世界上人口最多的国家,在2010年已经进入老龄化社会。我国的老年人口不仅规模巨大,而且发展速度很快,这就带来了许多其他问题,其中就包括老年人的医疗问题。我国老年人的医疗费用的增长速度已经超过了经济增长速度,给国家带来了较大负担。另外,对于老年人个人来说,患病后的医疗费用支出也为其会带来不小压力。如何解决老年人医疗费用问题成为我国医疗卫生事业的一个巨大挑战。本文结合Grossmn健康资本需求理论和国内外学者的研究结果将我国老年人的医疗消费数据划分为决策行为和医疗支出费用两方面,并提出了影响我国老年人医疗消费的影响因素的假设,然后通过描述统计分析了两方面在不同人口、健康与社会经济学特征下的分布变化,并运用两部分模型分别对老年人的医疗消费决策行为和医疗支出费用进行了影响因素方面的研究。最终得出了以下主要结论:性别、年龄、养老保险、慢性病、残疾和自评健康状况等因素对老年人患病就医决策有显著影响。女性老年人患病就诊概率比男性老年人低,年龄越高则就诊概率越高,有养老保险的老人就诊概率比没有养老保险的老人约高2.98%,有慢性病和有残疾都会增加老人的患病就医概率,最后,自评健康越差的老人就诊概率会越高。城乡身份、居住地区、年经济收入、养老保险和自评健康状况等因素对老年人医疗费用支出有显著影响。农村老年人相比于城市老年人要少消费0.2281个单位的医疗费用(对数),居住在东部地区对老年人医疗费用的支出有促进作用,高收入组的老年人对医疗支出有显著的正向影响,有用养老保险会让老年人平均少消费0.3479个单位的医疗费用(对数),而自评健康状况一般会少减少医疗费用支出,自评健康很不好会导致老年人消耗更多医疗费用。最后,本文根据研究结果和我国的一些现实情况提出了一些政策建议,希望既提高老年人健康水平,又能抑制老年医疗费用的过度增长。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of aging is becoming more and more serious, 68 countries in the world have entered the state of aging society, and with the increase of life expectancy in the world. China, as the world's most populous country, has entered an aging society in 2010. China's elderly population is not only large, but also rapid development. This has brought many other problems, including the medical problems of the elderly. The growth rate of medical costs of the elderly in China has exceeded the economic growth rate, which has brought a greater burden to the country. For the elderly. How to solve the problem of medical expenses of the elderly has become a great challenge for medical and health care in China. This paper combines Grossmn health capital demand theory. On the basis of the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the medical consumption data of the elderly in China are divided into two aspects: decision-making behavior and medical expenditure cost. The hypothesis of influencing factors on the medical consumption of the elderly in China is put forward, and then the distribution changes of the two aspects under the characteristics of different population, health and social economy are analyzed by descriptive statistics. And using the two parts of the model respectively to the elderly medical consumption decision-making behavior and medical expenditure costs of the impact factors, and finally reached the following main conclusions: gender, age, old-age insurance, chronic diseases. Disability and self-assessment of health status have a significant impact on the elderly patients with medical decision-making. Female elderly patients are lower than the male elderly, the higher the age, the higher the probability of seeing a doctor. The elderly with old-age insurance than the elderly without pension insurance is about 2.98 higher than the elderly, there are chronic diseases and disabilities will increase the probability of illness of the elderly to seek medical treatment, finally. The worse the self-rated health, the higher the probability of seeing a doctor. Urban and rural identity, living area, annual economic income. Pension insurance and self-assessment of health status and other factors have a significant impact on medical expenses of the elderly. Compared with the elderly in urban areas, the elderly in rural areas consume 0.2281 units (logarithm) less than the elderly in urban areas. Living in the east has a positive effect on the medical expenditure of the elderly, while the elderly in the high-income group have a significant positive impact on the medical expenditure. Useful old-age insurance will make the elderly consume an average of 0.3479 units of medical expenses (logarithm), while self-assessment of health status will generally reduce the cost of medical expenses. Self-assessment of poor health will lead to the elderly consume more medical expenses. Finally, according to the results of the study and some of the actual situation in China, this paper puts forward some policy recommendations, hoping to improve the health level of the elderly. It can also restrain the excessive growth of medical expenses for the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R195;C913.6

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