两种荒漠盐生植物叶片生态化学计量及光合特性对氮磷添加的响应

发布时间：2018-02-11 12:21

本文关键词： 生态化学计量光合特性氮磷添加疏叶骆驼刺西伯利亚白刺　出处：《新疆大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：干旱区气候干燥恶劣,生态环境脆弱,荒漠植被在维持生态系统稳定性等方面有重要作用;而生态化学计量学研究环境与生物间碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)等元素平衡以及其对生态过程影响,N、P养分的增加,影响植物养分的保持特性,尤其是在干旱地区,N、P营养的缺乏往往会抑制植物的生长发育。研究N、P添加对荒漠盐生植物养分元素及其光合特性的影响,可为深入理解干旱区生态过程内涵,以及干旱区植被资源的恢复重建、资源再利用以及生态环境管理等提供科学依据。本文通过野外试验与室内实验相结合的方法,对不同N、P供给水平下的土壤生态化学计量学特征,疏叶骆驼刺、西伯利亚白刺叶片养分含量的响应及其对植物叶片光合特性的影响等进行研究。结果表明:(1)根据施肥前土壤EC,将骆驼刺生境和白刺生境分别划分为高盐(LTC1)、中盐(LTC2)、低盐(LTC3)、和高盐(BC1)、低盐(BC2)。施肥前白刺生境土壤EC、pH平均值均高于骆驼刺生境,且施肥显著提高LTC1土壤pH。(2)与黄河河口湿地土壤养分和全国平均水平相比,研究区表现出偏低的土壤C、N、P含量。施肥对土壤C含量无显著影响,但不同样方土壤C含量施肥后有低于CK(LTC2、LTC3、BC1),也有高于CK的(LTC1、BC2);施肥后不同生境土壤N含量低于CK(BC2除外),且在不同生境和不同水平下,土壤P和SAP含量与CK相比均未达到显著水平。(3)总体上,施肥对植物叶片C、N、P含量及N/P并无显著影响,其中LN和P处理下LTC2叶片N含量显著高于CK,PHN处理则显著降低BC2叶片N含量;LTC3叶片P含量在HN处理下显著高于CK,PLN处理则使BC2植物叶片P含量显著低于CK。研究区植物叶片N/P变异较大,没有统一规律,因此,研究区植物叶片养分限制性元素较难判断。(4)不同生境(LTC3除外),植物叶片不同养分指标均达到显著相关水平。由盐生植物养分元素与土壤因子间的相关性知,高盐生境植物养分主要受土壤盐分和酸碱度影响,且与骆驼刺生境和白刺生境分别为负相关和正相关;中盐生境植物养分主要受土壤盐分和C含量的影响,低盐生境(LTC3)植物养分则受土壤养分影响,BC1受土壤养分和pH影响较大,且与植物养分含量负相关。(5)在施肥处理下,骆驼刺和白刺植物光合特性含量与CK相比均不显著,LN处理下前者植物光合指标含量要高于HN处理,HN处理下后者光合特性含量高于LN处理,LTC1植物Pn和PNUE在LN处理下显著高于CK,LTC3、BC2植物Pn和PNUE在HN处理下分别显著低于、显著高于CK,BC2植物Pn在LN处理下显著低于CK。(6)在LN处理下,LTC1植物Chl与叶片N含量呈显著负相关,且其降低了LTC2植物Pn与各叶片养分含量的相关系数,HN处理对LTC1、LTC2各相关性影响均不显著,LTC3在HN处理下Pn与P含量显著正相关,BC1仅在HN处理下PNUE与N含量显著负相关,LN处理对LTC3、BC1各相关性影响不显著,BC2在LN处理下Chl与C含量显著负相关,HN处理降低相关系数。
[Abstract]:In arid area, the climate is dry and bad, the ecological environment is fragile, and desert vegetation plays an important role in maintaining the stability of ecosystem. Eco-chemometrics studies the balance between environment and organisms, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and phosphorus, and their effects on the ecological process, such as the increase of N ~ (+) P and the conservation characteristics of plant nutrients. Especially in arid areas, the nutrient deficiency of Nampa P often inhibits the growth and development of plants. The study of the effects of NNP supplementation on nutrient elements and photosynthetic characteristics of desert halophytes can be used to understand the connotation of ecological process in arid areas. As well as the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation resources, the reuse of vegetation resources and the management of ecological environment in arid areas, etc. This paper combines field experiments with indoor experiments, and provides scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation resources. The characteristics of soil ecochemometrics under different N P supply levels were studied. The response of leaf nutrient content in Siberian spur and its effect on photosynthetic characteristics of plant leaves were studied. The results showed that according to soil ECs before fertilization, the habitat of Camellia spp and Spurr were divided into two groups: high salt, high salt, high salt, and medium salt, respectively. The average pH values of soil ECs in low salt, high salt, high salt, low salt and low salt spurs were higher than those in Camellia camellii, and the average pH of soil ECC was higher than that of Camellia camellii before fertilization. Compared with the soil nutrient and the national average level of the Yellow River estuary wetland, the study area showed a low content of C ~ (+ +) N ~ (2 +) P in soil, but fertilization had no significant effect on the soil C content. However, the content of C in different soil was lower than that of CK, and the content of N was lower than that of CK(BC2 in different habitats, and the N content in different habitats was lower than that of CK(BC2, and the N content in different habitats was lower than that in different habitats and at different levels. Soil P and SAP contents did not reach the significant level compared with CK.) in general, fertilization had no significant effect on the content of N / P and N / P in plant leaves. The N content of LTC2 leaves under LN and P treatments was significantly higher than that of CK BC2 leaves. Under HN treatment, the N content of BC2 leaves was significantly higher than that of CK C 3 treatments, and the P content of BC2 leaves was significantly lower than that of CK. plants in the study area. Leaf N / P variation is large, There is no uniform law, so, In the study area, it is difficult to judge the nutrient limiting elements of plant leaves. (4) except for LTC3 in different habitats, different nutrient indexes of plant leaves have reached a significant correlation level, and the correlation between nutrient elements of halophytes and soil factors is known. Plant nutrients in high-salt habitats were mainly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity, and negatively and positively correlated with Camellia camellae and Nitraria nigra habitats, while plant nutrients in middle salt habitats were mainly affected by soil salinity and C content. In low salt habitat, plant nutrients were influenced by soil nutrients and pH, and negatively correlated with plant nutrient contents. The photosynthetic characteristic contents of Camel and Nitraria were not significant compared with CK under LN treatment, the photosynthetic index content of the former was higher than that of HN treatment and that of Ln treatment was higher than that of LN treatment and PNUE treatment. Under LN treatment, the photosynthetic characteristic content of the former was higher than that of Ln treatment and the latter was higher than that of LN treatment. P _ n and PNUE were significantly higher than that of CK _ (LTC _ 3) BC2 under HN treatment, and were significantly lower than those under HN treatment, respectively. Compared with CK BC2, PN was significantly lower than that of CK. 6 under LN treatment. Under LN treatment, there was a significant negative correlation between Chl and leaf N content. The correlation coefficient between PN and nutrient content in leaves of LTC2 plants was decreased. The effect of HN treatment on the correlation between LTC1and LTC2 was not significant. There was a significant positive correlation between PN and P content under HN treatment and only a significant negative correlation between PNUE and N content under HN treatment. The effect of LN treatment on the correlation of LTC _ 3 and BC1 was not significant. The correlation coefficient between Chl and C content was negatively correlated with that of HN treatment under LN treatment.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q945.11

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