吉林省最低工资制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 18:11

本文关键词： 吉林省最低工资制度最低工资标准　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：最低工资制度作为政府宏观调控收入分配的重要手段之一,与企业工资指导线、行业人工成本、人力资源市场指导价位等措施在促进收入分配公平方面发挥着重要的作用,保障了低收入劳动者特别是社会弱势群体的合法权益。相对于其他三种措施来讲,最低工资制度是政府对劳动关系采取干预的主要措施,较其他三种措施具有更大的强制性,也充分体现了“看得见的手”保护弱势群体的力度。随着经济的快速发展,人民群众的生活水平也在不断提高,对于收入分配公平的要求也越来越高,最低工资制度的施行,保护了低技能劳动者提供正常劳动后获得最低限额的劳动报酬的权益,使他们获得更加公平的待遇,也缓解了收入差距日益拉大的现状,在促进经济社会发展、维护劳动关系和谐稳定方面发挥了重要作用,也对国民的生活质量产生了很大的影响。然而,我国的最低工资标准存在着普遍偏低的现象,与社会经济的发展水平不相适应,也存在着部分企业执行最低工资标准不到位,政府对企业最低工资执行情况存在监管方面力度不足等现象。最低工资标准的提高,虽然使低收入劳动者分享了改革发展的成果,但一定程度上也导致了企业人工成本的不断上升,在经济下行的压力下,会使无法承担巨大人工成本的企业采取裁员、缩招等方式减少劳动力的使用,一定程度上又增加了低收入劳动者丧失劳动机会的风险性。最低工资标准的合理与否,也成为政府政策制定部门需要认真考量的重要内容。近年来,东北经济因不断下行而备受关注,虽然从2016年上半年公布的数据来看,下行的趋势渐缓,但也无法延续往日的辉煌,如何既保证经济的发展,给企业创造良好的投资运营环境,又切切实实的保障劳动者的合法权益,成为政府部门下大力气要解决的问题。吉林省虽然受经济下行冲击较小,但民营经济发展滞后也成为经济发展缓慢的瓶颈,逐步完善最低工资制度、合理调整最低工资标准,也成为支持民营经济发展的重要内容。为进一步完善吉林省最低工资制度,了解最低工资制度在执行过程中存在的问题,本文以吉林省最低工资制度为主要研究对象,首先对国内外的研究现状做了归纳,通过收集到的1995年至2015年吉林省的各项经济统计数据,对吉林省最低工资现状进行了分析,并与职工月平均工资、职工月平均工资增幅和全国各省月最低工资标准做了比较,归纳出吉林省最低工资制度在运行过程中存在的一些不足之处,并针对存在的问题给出建议,希望在制定新的最低工资标准、完善最低工资调整机制时,提供可供借鉴的意见。
[Abstract]:As one of the important means for the government to control the distribution of income, the minimum wage system plays an important role in promoting the fairness of income distribution with such measures as the enterprise wage guidance line, the labor cost of the industry, and the guiding price of the human resources market. It protects the legitimate rights and interests of low-income workers, especially the vulnerable groups of society. Compared with the other three measures, the minimum wage system is the main measure taken by the government to intervene in labor relations, and it is more compulsory than the other three measures. It also fully reflects the strength of the "visible hand" to protect the vulnerable groups. With the rapid development of the economy, the living standards of the people are also constantly improving, and the requirements for income distribution fairness are becoming higher and higher, and the implementation of the minimum wage system, It protects the rights of low-skilled workers to receive a minimum amount of remuneration for their work after normal work, makes them receive more fair treatment, and alleviates the growing income gap and promotes economic and social development, The maintenance of harmonious and stable labor relations has played an important role and has had a great impact on the quality of life of the people. However, the minimum wage standard in our country is generally low and does not correspond to the level of social and economic development. There are also phenomena that some enterprises do not implement the minimum wage standard in place, and the government has insufficient supervision over the implementation of the minimum wage in enterprises. The increase in the minimum wage standard has enabled low-income workers to share the fruits of reform and development. However, to a certain extent, it has also led to the rising labor costs of enterprises. Under the downward pressure of the economy, enterprises that cannot afford huge labor costs will take measures to reduce the use of labor force, such as layoffs and cutbacks. To a certain extent, it has also increased the risk of loss of employment opportunities for low-income workers. Whether the minimum wage is reasonable or not has also become an important content that government policy-making departments need to seriously consider. In recent years, The Northeast economy has attracted much attention because of its continuous downward trend. Although the data released in the first half of 2016 show that the downward trend is gradually slowing down, it is also unable to continue the glory of the past. How to ensure the development of the economy and create a good environment for enterprises to invest and operate? The protection of the legitimate rights and interests of workers has become a major problem for government departments to solve. Although Jilin Province has been less affected by the downward economic downturn, the lag in the development of the private economy has also become a bottleneck to the slow economic development. Gradually perfecting the minimum wage system and rationally adjusting the minimum wage standard have also become an important content in supporting the development of the private economy. In order to further improve the minimum wage system in Jilin Province, we should understand the problems existing in the implementation of the minimum wage system. This paper takes the minimum wage system of Jilin Province as the main research object, first of all, summarizes the domestic and foreign research status, through collecting the economic statistics of Jilin Province from 1995 to 2015, analyzes the current situation of the minimum wage in Jilin Province. Compared with the average monthly wage of workers and staff, the increase of average monthly wage of workers and the standard of monthly minimum wage of every province in the whole country, this paper sums up some shortcomings of the minimum wage system in Jilin Province in the course of operation, and puts forward some suggestions for the existing problems. The author hopes to provide advice for reference in formulating new minimum wage standard and perfecting the adjustment mechanism of minimum wage.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.27

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