政府购买职业教育学生实习服务制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 08:24

本文选题：政府购买　切入点：职业教育　出处：《西南政法大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“建国君民教育为先”。自古以来,我国统治者均重视教育,尤其是在国家间竞争日益激烈的今天,教育更是发挥着决定性作用。职业教育是中国特色教育体系的重要组成部分,属就业导向型教育,具有很强的实践性、职业性,对人才培养技术技能要求较高。学生的技术技能需要在实习实训室或真实的生产环境中完成,但职业院校仅仅依靠自身的实习场地、实训设备、指导老师根本无法满足人才培养的实际需要。通过校企合作来解决职业教育人才培养岗位技术技能已是世界各国的通例,因为企业有完整的生产线、先进的设备、完善的管理和经验丰富的技师,是职业教育人才技术技能培养的天然场所,让学生进入企业培养技术技能无疑是最好的选择。职业教育学生实习是职业教育人才培养最重要的教学环节,职业院校学生实习是指职业院校的学生到企业进行技术技能培养,也就是我们在教学上通称学生到企业完成人才培养方案规定的实习课程,实践中称为顶岗实习。学生到企业实习的权利义务一般是通过“校企合作协议”来确认的,因此,校企合作是职业教育办学的重要质量标准。校企合作是指职校和企业之间因人才培养而建立的双方优势互补、相互促进、共同发展的长期、稳定合作关系。企业利用真实的生产线为学生实习提供服务,指导学生完成技术技能课程,而学校则以科研和技术创新优势、以及通过订单培养为企业输送人才。但通过相关的调研、统计我们不难发现,职业教育校企合作开展得并不顺利。企业合作意愿不强、合作形式单一、保障机制不健全等方面均存圈套问题,“剃头挑子一头热”的局面困扰着职业教育人才培养质量的提高。职业教育校企合作开展不顺利的原因很多,但企业不能从合作中获得预期的利益是根本原因。因此,如何保障企业合理的经济利益才是解决校企合作“一头热”的根本出路。从制度上说,国家虽然为企业设定了不少号召性或引导性的条款,要求企业积极参与职业教育学生的技术技能培养,但这并不是规范性法律义务,只是一种企业的道德义务,企业根本没有动力,而校方则认为企业积极性不够是企业不作为,没有履行法律规定的道德义务。虽然很多职业院校的学生实习都多达半年以上,但学校并不愿意将国家的这些拨款和学生所交的学费按比例给企业,而是以职业院校基础薄弱、国家投入不足,校园建设负债率高等理由搪塞,双方无法达成方满意的实质性协议。有鉴于此,通过政府购买的法律方式,构建国家向企业购买职校学生实习服务的制度,才是实现职业教育校企合作的制度化思路。
[Abstract]:Founding a country education for the first ". Since ancient times, China's rulers have attached great importance to education, especially in the increasingly fierce competition between countries today, education is playing a decisive role. Occupation education is an important part of the education system China characteristics, belongs to the employment oriented education, practical, strong occupation technical skills training, higher requirements for talents. Technical skills students need to complete the training room or in the real production environment, but the occupation colleges only relying on their own practice field, training equipment, the instructor does not meet the needs of personnel training. Through the cooperation between school and enterprise to solve the job skills training occupation education is the world practice, because the enterprise has a complete production line, advanced equipment, perfect management and experienced technicians, technical skills talent occupation education training The natural place, let the students into the enterprise technical skills training is undoubtedly the best choice. Occupation education students' practice teaching is the most important occupation education training, occupation college students practice refers to the occupation college students to enterprise technical skills, it is we in teaching students to complete the enterprise known as the talent training scheme the provisions of the internship practice called internship. Students practice in the enterprises of the rights and obligations is generally acknowledged by a "cooperation agreement", therefore, school enterprise cooperation is an important quality standard of occupation education. School enterprise cooperation is complementary advantages of both sides, between vocational school and enterprise for talent training and the establishment of mutual promotion and the common development of long-term, stable relations of cooperation. Enterprises use real production line to provide services for students, guide students to complete technical skills courses, The school is in scientific research and technological innovation, and training talents for enterprises through training orders. But through the relevant statistical research, it is not difficult to find, to carry out occupation education cooperation is not smooth. The enterprise is not strong willingness to cooperate, cooperation in the form of a single, security mechanism is not perfect, there were "tiaozi trap. A hot situation plagued by the improvement of the quality of personnel occupation education. Education of school enterprise cooperation to carry out occupation reason not smooth, but enterprises can not obtain the expected benefits from the cooperation is the basic reason. Therefore, how to protect the enterprise reasonable economic benefit is to solve the school enterprise cooperation in a hot fundamental way. Said from the system, although the state for enterprises to set up a lot of call or guidance in terms of technical skills require enterprises to actively participate in the occupation education students, but it is not. The normative legal obligation, is a kind of enterprise moral obligation, the business has no power, and the school is that the enthusiasm of enterprises is not enough as the enterprise, not to fulfill the law of moral obligation. Although a lot of occupation college student are up to more than half a year, but the school is not willing to take these grants and student nations. The tuition fee in proportion to the enterprise, but by the occupation college foundation is weak, inadequate investment in the country, the debt rate of higher campus construction of excuses, the parties can not reach a substantive agreement satisfied. Therefore, the legal way through the purchase of government, construction of the national enterprises to purchase the vocational school students internship system is the realization of system thinking occupation education of school enterprise cooperation.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G719.2

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