10周足球运动干预对初中生体质健康影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 07:22

  本文选题：足球运动　切入点：干预　出处：《扬州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：随着“校园足球”的逐步推广,有关足球运动在校园开展的利与弊的研究也随之进行起来。足球运动能否在中小学校园顺利开展,足球运动对中小学学生体质健康有何影响。本文以扬州市经济技术开发区实验中学初二学生为研究对象,在体育课上对部分学生实施10周足球运动干预,探讨在校园如何对初中生开展足球运动,以及足球运动对初中生的体质健康有何影响,为校园足球在中学的顺利开展提供量化的实验数据参考和科学的理论依据。方法：本文采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法,以扬州经济技术开发区实验中学初二年级两个班级的男生为实验对象,每班人数相同(对照组30人,实验组30人),实验组每周的三节体育课均上足球课,在大课间或者周六、周日时间组织小型的简化规则的足球比赛,保证实验组学生每周参与足球运动的次数在3次。对照组每周3节体育课则按照正常的教学大纲内容进行上课。足球运动干预前分别测试其身体形态指标(身高、体重、身体质量指数(BMI)、体脂率)；身体机能指标(肺活量、台阶试验指数)；身体素质指标(握力、背力、立定跳远、50m、1000m、坐位体前屈)。经过10周的足球运动干预后,对对照组和实验组的学生再进行以上体质健康指标的测试,对实验前后测试的所有数据运用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果：(1)身体形态方面：10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组学生的身高、体重均有非常显著性增加(p0.01),对照组学生的身高、体重也有非常显著性增加(p0.01),且二者增长的幅度没有显著性差别(p0.05);10周足球运动干预后,实验组和对照组的BMI指数均无显著性变化(p0.05);实验组和对照组的体脂率均有非常显著性下降(p0.01),且实验组体脂率的下降高于对照组,并存在显著性差异(p0.05)。(2)身体机能方面：10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组学生的肺活量有非常显著性增加(p0.01),对照组学生的肺活量无显著性变化(p0.05),且两组的变化值有显著性差异(p0.05);实验组和对照组学生的肺活量体重指数均无显著性变化(p0.05),且两组的变化值无显著性差异(p0.05)；实验组的台阶试验指数有非常显著性增加(p0.01),对照组的台阶试验指数无显著性变化(p0.05),两组的变化值有非常显著性差异(p0.01)。(3)身体素质方面：10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组学生50米跑成绩由实验前的7.93±0.82提高到7.87±0.79,但无显著性变化(p0.05),对照组学生50米跑成绩有显著性下降(p0.05),且两组的变化值存在显著性差异(p0.05)；10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组1000米跑成绩有非常显著性增加(p0.01),对照组学生1000米跑成绩无显著性变化(p0.05),且两组的变化值存在非常显著性差异(p0.01)；10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组学生握力、背力和立定跳远成绩有非常显著性提高(p0.01),对照组学生背力有显著性提高(p0.05),但提高幅度没有实验组大,握力、立定跳远成绩无显著性变化(p0.05),实验组和对照组的握力、背力变化值存在非常显著性差异(p0.01),立定跳远变化值存在显著性差异(p0.05)；10周足球运动干预后,与实验前相比,实验组的坐位体前屈成绩有显著性提高(p0.05),对照组的坐位体前屈成绩有显著性下降(p0.05),且两组的变化值存在非常显著性差异(p0.01)。结论：(1)足球运动对促进初中生身高、体重的增长有一定的作用,但与其他运动相比没有显著性差异,但足球运动在降低初中生体脂率的作用显著。(2)足球运动能显著性促进初中生肺活量的增长,提高台阶试验指数,对促进初中生呼吸系统和心血管系统的生长发育与功能有显著作用。(3)足球运动能较好地促进初中生身体力量、速度、耐力和柔韧素质的增长,尤其是对耐力素质和力量速度素质的提高有非常显著性的作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: with the gradual promotion of the campus football ", study the advantages and disadvantages of the football in campus also will be carried out smoothly. In the primary and middle school campus football can, football has any impact on the primary and secondary school students in physical health. This paper takes the Yangzhou City Economic and Technological Development Zone experimental junior middle school students the object of study, the implementation of the 10 week football exercise intervention on the part of students in the physical education, discusses how to carry out the campus football junior middle school students, and football's influence on the junior high school students' physical health, for the campus football in high school smoothly provide theoretical reference and scientific experimental data. Methods: This paper by using the method of literature, experimental method, mathematical statistics method, with two classes of grade two in Yangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone experimental middle school grade boys as the experimental object, the same number of each class ( The control group 30, experimental group 30, experimental group) every week three PE lessons are on course of football in the recess, or Saturday, Sunday time to organize small simplified rules football game, to ensure the number of experimental group students participating in football in 3 times. The control group every week 3 PE classes in accordance with the syllabus of the normal class. Football before intervention were selected to test the body shape index (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat rate); body function indicators (vital capacity, step test index); physical quality index (grip strength, back strength, standing long jump, 50m, 1000m, zuoweiti antexion). After 10 weeks of football sports intervention, the control group and the experimental group of students were more than physical health index test, before and after the experiment to test all data using SPSS statistical software for analysis. Results: (1) body shape: 10 Football week exercise intervention, compared with before the experiment, the experimental group students' height, weight were significantly increased (P0.01), the control group students' height, weight were significantly increased (P0.01), no significant difference between the two and the growth rate (P0.05); the 10 week exercise intervention in football the experimental group and the control group, BMI index showed no significant change (P0.05); body fat in the experimental group and the control group were reduced significantly (P0.01), the experimental group decreased and the rate of body fat is higher than that of control group, and there was significant difference (P0.05). (2) physical function: 10 weeks of football after the intervention, compared with before the experiment, the students in the experimental group were significantly increased vital capacity (P0.01), the control group had no significant changes in vital capacity (P0.05), and the change in value of two groups had significant difference (P0.05); the experimental group and control group students are vital capacity weight index 鏃犳樉钁楁，

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