烟台市村民自治研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 23:00

本文选题：村民自治　切入点：问题　出处：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：村民自治作为我国一项特色社会主义农村基层民主制度,它符合中国国情,通过几十年的丰富实践,有力地促进了广大农村地区经济、政治以及文化事业的发展,充分保障了广大农民行使当家做主的权力和享有各项民主权利。然而,随着实践的不断深入,在村民自治过程中存在着包括村民选举积极性不足、“村官自治”、选举功利化等诸多问题,这些问题对未来新农村建设的深入发展都是极大的阻碍,亟待进-步完善和改进。解决当前村民自治过程中出现的问题及困境,对于广大农村乃至整个国家的经济社会发展意义重大。本文在研究过程中,特选择以烟台市部分农村地区为调查对象,通过对该市辖区内的诸多村庄展开问卷调查和人物访谈,详细了解当地村民自治运行的现状,在此基础上寻找当地农村地区村民自治运行中存在的问题,试图探究原因并提出可操作性强的改善策略。从论文整体框架来看,共分为以下六大部分：第一部分,交代选题背景,分析村民自治相关理论的研究现状,说明本文的研究方法及创新点与难点。第二部分,相关概念解析,着重从村民自治的含义、特征、内容、意义四个方面进行阐述。第三部分,我国村民自治的发展历程及成就。分别对村民自治的萌芽阶段、摸索阶段、试运行阶段、正式确立阶段四个阶段进行详细描述和分析。第四部分,烟台市村民自治发展现状及存在的具体问题。为了确保研究内容真实、有效,笔者选择以问卷调查为数据收集方式,将该市辖区内20个村子作为调查地点,向村民发放有效调查问卷1500张,在统计、分析调查所得数据后,结合人物访谈记录结果,分析当前烟台市村民自治发展的真实现状,并总结目前存在的具体问题。目前,烟台市村民自治的具体问题主要有：部分农村存在政治冷漠、选举存在功利化现象、“两种关系”没有理顺、民主决策沦为摆设、民主监督有待于真正落实到位。第五部分,分析问题产生的具体原因。通过调查取证以及相关资料查证发现,引发上述问题的主要原因表现在以下几个方面,包括村民自治的相关法律不够完善、农村集体经济发展速度不佳、农村政治文化基础薄弱及村民自治制度亟需完善等方面。第六部分,提出完善村民自治的相关对策。以烟台市村民自治问题、原因为出发点,综合笔者对村民自治的综合研究,试图找出可操作性强的解决对策,以期能够为村民自治制度建设及体制完善提供理论性、实践性参考。通过本次研究,笔者认为,面对村民自治制度目前存在的诸多问题,应从加强村民自治制度法制建设、发展农村集体经济、提高村民政治文化水平、完善村民自治制度及限制农村宗族势力这五个方面寻求改善的良策。
[Abstract]:As a characteristic socialist rural grass-roots democratic system in China, villagers' autonomy conforms to China's national conditions. Through decades of rich practice, villagers' autonomy has promoted the development of economic, political and cultural undertakings in the vast rural areas. It has fully guaranteed the broad masses of peasants the exercise of the power of ownership and the enjoyment of various democratic rights. However, with the deepening of practice, In the process of villager autonomy, there are many problems, such as lack of enthusiasm of villagers' election, "village official autonomy", election utilitarianism and so on. These problems will greatly hinder the further development of new rural construction in the future. It is of great significance for the economic and social development of the vast rural areas and even the whole country to solve the problems and difficulties in the process of villagers' autonomy. Taking some rural areas of Yantai City as the object of investigation, through the questionnaire survey and personage interviews in many villages in the city's jurisdiction, we have a detailed understanding of the current situation of the local villagers' autonomy operation. On the basis of this, this paper tries to find out the problems existing in the operation of villagers' autonomy in the local rural areas, and tries to explore the reasons and put forward some operable improvement strategies. From the overall framework of the paper, it is divided into six parts: the first part, Explain the background of the topic, analyze the current research situation of the relevant theories of villager autonomy, explain the research method, innovation and difficulty of this paper. The second part, the related concept analysis, focus on the meaning, characteristics, content of villager autonomy, The third part, the development course and achievement of villager autonomy in our country. The four stages of formal establishment are described and analyzed in detail. Part 4th, the present situation of the development of villager autonomy in Yantai and the existing concrete problems. In order to ensure the content of the research is true and effective, the author chooses questionnaire as the data collection method. Taking 20 villages in the city's jurisdiction as investigation sites, 1500 effective questionnaires were distributed to villagers. After statistics and analysis of the data obtained from the investigation, combined with the results of interviews with people, the real situation of the development of villagers' autonomy in Yantai was analyzed. At present, the specific problems of villager autonomy in Yantai City are as follows: political apathy exists in some rural areas, utilitarian phenomenon exists in election, "two kinds of relations" are not straightened out, democratic decision-making degenerates into furnishings. Democratic supervision has yet to be truly implemented. Part 5th, analyzes the specific causes of the problems. Through investigation, evidence collection and relevant information, it is found that the main causes of the above problems are manifested in the following aspects. Including the imperfect laws related to villagers' autonomy, the poor speed of the development of rural collective economy, the weak political and cultural foundation in rural areas and the urgent need to improve the system of villager autonomy. Part 6th, Based on the problems and reasons of villagers' autonomy in Yantai City, the author synthesizes the comprehensive research on villagers' autonomy, and tries to find out the feasible solution to this problem. In order to provide theoretical and practical reference for the construction of villager autonomy system and system perfection, the author believes that in the face of many problems existing in villager autonomy system, we should strengthen the legal system construction of villager autonomy system. To develop the rural collective economy, to improve the political and cultural level of villagers, to perfect the system of villager autonomy and to limit the influence of rural clans.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D638

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