太谷县机械化保护性耕作技术研究与分析

发布时间：2018-04-06 05:19

本文选题：机械化　切入点：保护性耕作　出处：《山西农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个以旱作农业为主的国家,全国耕地面积1.35×109hm2,其中旱地面积占60%,旱作农业成为我国的农业发展中最为重要的一个部分,发掘旱地粮食增产潜力,将成为保障我国粮食安全的有效途径。保护性耕作是指：“通过少耕、免耕、地表微地形改造技术及地表覆盖、合理种植等综合配套措施,从而减少农田土壤侵蚀,保护农田生态环境,并获得生态效益、经济效益及社会效益协调发展的可持续农业技术。”其在蓄水保墒,培肥地力,防止水土流失和土壤沙化等方面具有很大优势,这种耕作方式将我国农业生产模式从简单的改造自然转变为利用自然,使人与自然和谐相处,实现可持续发展。与传统旱作农业相比较,保护性耕作的经济效益更高,是加快农村经济发展的有效措施。本文以太谷县高标准保护性耕作示范田作为研究对象,通过收集任村乡和胡村镇两个乡镇下6个村近年来所取得的经济效益、生态效益数据进行统计分析并与该县使用传统耕作技术的土地进行比较,同时通过以走访当地农户的方式收集关于农户对保护性耕作的认识和在耕作过程中所遇到的实际困难,针对太谷县农业机械化保护性耕作在实践中所存在问题提出解决对策。本文研究发现,目前影响太谷县保护性耕作技术发展的原因是多方面的,包括农民对保护性耕作技术的认知不足,政府宣传推广力度不够,现有机具不能满足生产实际需求等,急需加强宣传推广力度,加快促进农民观念转变,引导农机厂商加快研发适用于本地的保护性耕作机具,才能够让太谷县机械化保护性耕作技术更快更好地发展。
[Abstract]:China is a country dominated by dry farming, with a total cultivated land area of 1.35 脳 10 9 hm 2, of which the dry land area accounts for 60. Dry farming has become the most important part of the agricultural development in China, and the potential for increasing grain production in dry land has been explored.It will become an effective way to ensure the food security of our country.Conservation tillage means: "to reduce soil erosion, to protect the ecological environment of farmland and to obtain ecological benefits by means of less tillage, no-tillage, surface micro-topography reconstruction technology and comprehensive supporting measures such as surface cover and rational planting,"Sustainable agricultural technology with coordinated development of economic and social benefits. "It has great advantages in storing water and preserving soil moisture, increasing soil fertility, preventing soil erosion and soil desertification, etc. This kind of farming method changes the agricultural production mode of our country from a simple transformation of nature to a use of nature, so that people and nature can get along in harmony.Achieving sustainable development.Compared with traditional dry farming, conservation tillage has higher economic benefits and is an effective measure to accelerate the development of rural economy.In this paper, the high standard conservation tillage demonstration field in Taigu County is taken as the research object, and the economic benefits of six villages under Rencun Township and Hucun Town in recent years are collected.(B) undertake statistical analysis of ecological benefit data and compare it with the use of traditional farming techniques in the county, while collecting information on farmers' understanding of conservation tillage and practical difficulties encountered in the process of farming through visits to local farmers,To solve the problems existing in the practice of conservation tillage of agricultural mechanization in Taigu County, the countermeasures are put forward.This paper finds that there are many reasons that affect the development of conservation tillage technology in Taigu County, including farmers' insufficient understanding of conservation tillage technology, insufficient propaganda and popularization by the government, and the fact that the existing machinery and tools cannot meet the actual production needs, and so on.In order to develop mechanized conservation tillage technology in Taigu County, it is urgent to strengthen propaganda and popularization, accelerate the change of farmers' concept, and guide agricultural machinery manufacturers to speed up the research and development of conservation tillage tools suitable for local use.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S23;S345;F323.3

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