基于因子分析法与灰色聚类法对江西省投资环境的评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 11:23

本文选题：投资环境 + 现状分析　；参考：《江西财经大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：吸引外资一直是地区发展自身经济的一项重要经济措施。区域的投资环境不仅是地区作为受资方吸引外资的必要条件,也是资本拥有者作出投资决策的决定性因素,所以从资本双方的角度来看,对地区投资环境的研究显得十分必要,并且具有重要意义。江西省作为中部省份之一,在响应国家提出的"中部崛起"的口号和相关政策时,应该对自身的投资环境作出科学性、系统性和完整性的评价,发现自身存在的优势和劣势,并对比出自身与我国发达省份的差距所在,然后根据评价分析结果对症下药,优化自身的投资环境。首先,本文在经过大量相关文献查阅后总结出国内外学者在投资环境方面的研究成果并进行简单评述。依据投资环境的构成因素,详细地阐述了投资环境的定义、特性、分类标准、构成要素以及现有的多种评价方法。其次,本文从定性角度对江西省整体的投资环境现状进行分析。现状分析主要分为"软硬"环境两方面。在硬环境方面分析了江西省在自然地理情况、资源禀赋情况和基础设施建设的现状;在软环境方面分析了江西省在经济发展水平、政策与法治环境以及社会环境三方面的现状。对江西省投资环境现状分析的结果是江西省在硬环境的自然和资源方面具有优势,但在基础设施方面处于劣势,在软环境方面整体发展不够出色,需要改善优化。再次,本文从定量角度对江西省及其11个地级市的投资环境进行分析研究。本文根据不同的研究对象采用了两种不同的评价方法。具体分析过程为两个部分:第一部分是利用因子分析法分析江西省在全国投资环境中的排名情况。首先本文根据指标的选取原则选取了 22个符合要求的评价指标,然后利用统计分析软件进行实证分析,在22个评价指标中提取到5个公共因子,最后计算全国31个省、市(不含港澳台地区)在5个公共因子上的得分,并根据得分结果进行排名。第二部分是利用灰色聚类法对江西省11个地级市的投资环境进行分析。在此分析部分本文选取了 14个评价指标,先对评价系统进行灰色关联度计算,然后根据灰色关联度计算灰色相似矩阵,再利用相似矩阵构建"最大树",画出聚类结果。两部分实证分析得出以下结论。(1)江西省的开放度因子在全国31个省市因子得分中排名中等,在经济水平因子、基础设施因子以及市场潜力因子得分中排名靠后,自然资源因子排名靠前。根据评价结果发现江西省在地理区位、自然资源禀赋和在市场潜方面具有一定的显性优势和潜在优势,但在基础设施、信息化程度、经济金融实力、科研教育水平以及医疗服务水平方面存在一定的劣势。(2)根据第二部分的实证分析结果,我们发现江西省的11个地级市的投资环境被划分为五个梯度类型:高梯度发展较快类型(南昌市);中梯度向高梯度过渡类型(赣州市、九江市);中梯度发展不均衡类型(新余市、萍乡市、景德镇、上饶市);低梯度向中梯度过渡类型(吉安市、鹰潭市);低梯度发展缓慢类型(宜春市、抚州市)。最后,根据两次的评价分析结果,结合投资环境的特征,分别对江西省整体以及11个地级市的五种类型的投资环境提出了符合客观实际的优化对策。这些对策主要遵从扬长改短的思想,旨在稳定有效地改善江西省投资环境。
[Abstract]:Attracting foreign capital has always been an important economic measure for the region to develop its own economy. The regional investment environment is not only a necessary condition for the region as a recipient to attract foreign capital, but also a decisive factor for the capital owners to make investment decisions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the regional investment environment from the perspective of both the capital and the capital. As one of the central provinces, Jiangxi Province, as one of the central provinces, should make a scientific, systematic and complete evaluation of its own investment environment, find its own advantages and disadvantages, and compare the differences between itself and the developed provinces in China. According to the results of the evaluation, we can optimize the investment environment. First, after consulting a large number of relevant documents, this paper summarizes the research results of foreign and foreign scholars in the investment environment and makes a brief review. According to the factors of the investment environment, the definition, characteristics, classification standards and composition of the investment environment are elaborated in detail. Secondly, the present situation of the overall investment environment in Jiangxi province is analyzed from the qualitative point of view. The status analysis is divided into two aspects: "soft and hard" environment. In the hard environment, the situation of natural geography, resource endowment and infrastructure construction in Jiangxi province are analyzed, and the soft environment is analyzed. Jiangxi province has three aspects of the level of economic development, policy, rule of law environment and social environment. The result of the analysis of the present situation of the investment environment in Jiangxi province is that Jiangxi province has advantages in the natural and resource aspects of hard environment, but it is at a disadvantage in the infrastructure, and the overall development of the soft environment is not good enough, and it needs to be improved and optimized. From the quantitative point of view, this paper analyses the investment environment of Jiangxi province and its 11 cities. This paper adopts two different evaluation methods according to the different research objects. The specific analysis process is two parts: the first part is the analysis of Jiangxi province's ranking in the national investment environment by factor analysis. According to the selection principle of the index, 22 evaluation indexes are selected, and then the statistical analysis software is used to make an empirical analysis, and 5 public factors are extracted from the 22 evaluation indexes. Finally, the scores of the national 31 provinces and cities (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) on the 5 public factors are calculated, and the second parts are ranked according to the result of the score. The grey clustering method is used to analyze the investment environment of 11 prefecture level cities in Jiangxi province. In this analysis, the paper selects 14 evaluation indexes, first calculates the grey correlation degree of the evaluation system, then calculates grey similarity matrix according to the grey correlation degree, and then constructs "the largest tree" with the similar matrix, and draws the clustering results. Two parts are real. The following conclusions are drawn by the analysis. (1) the degree of openness of Jiangxi province is in the middle of the national 31 provinces and cities, and the rank of the economic level factor, the infrastructure factor and the market potential factor is on the back, and the natural resource factors rank forward. According to the evaluation results, the geographical location, natural resources endowment and the city in the city are found. The field potential has certain dominant and potential advantages, but there are certain disadvantages in infrastructure, information degree, economic and financial strength, scientific research education level and medical service level. (2) according to the results of the second part of the empirical analysis, we find that the investment environment of 11 cities in Jiangxi is divided into five gradients Type: high gradient development fast type (Nanchang city); medium gradient to high gradient transition type (Ganzhou City, Jiujiang); middle gradient development disequilibrium type (Xinyu, Pingxiang, Jingdezhen, Shangrao); low gradient to medium gradient transition type (Ji'an City, Yingtan city); low gradient development slow type (Yichun City, Fuzhou city). Finally, according to the two times The results of evaluation and analysis, combined with the characteristics of the investment environment, put forward the objective practical optimization countermeasures for the five types of investment environment in Jiangxi Province as a whole and 11 cities in Jiangxi respectively. These countermeasures mainly comply with the idea of improving the investment environment of Jiangxi province.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F127

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